مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی سبزوار
سال سی‌ام شماره 1 (پیاپی 126، فروردین و اردیبهشت 1402)

By increasing competition and expanding the development of human resources development strategies, the Ministry of Cooperation, Labour, and Social Welfare experts are working to maintain talented employees and raise entrepreneurial spirit among their employees to achieve the best performance in the implementation of justice as one of the basic human needs. This study aimed to investigate the strategic role of the seven organizational justice aspects in enhancing entrepreneurial expertise. The method of implementing the present study is a descriptive - survey using a questionnaire. The research population consists of managers and experts of the ministry of cooperation, work, and social welfare as a number of 600. In this study, the sample size of managers and experts was measured by the Cochran formula and the number of 234 people were selected. Reliability and validity of tools were investigated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, composite reliability, and confirmatory factor analysis, which had the reliability and validity required for instruments. Findings showed that the procedural, interactive, distributive, informational, linguistic, emotional, and observational dimensions of organizational justice enjoy a significant effect on promoting entrepreneurial skills (technical, managerial, innovative, and personal maturity) of human resources. The results suggest that entrepreneurship education is increasingly important in shaping society in emerging economies by empowering people to advance in their careers and lives.

Population growth causes the need to produce more agricultural products. And the lack of water causes people to use unconventional waters, including treated sewage. Improper quality of wastewater can be harmful to the soil, plants and the health of consumers. Therefore, it is necessary to measure and check their quality.
In this study, the factors of EC, BOD, COD, TSS, TN, TP, PH, Ecoli, TC, CL,Ca, Mg, Na, SAR in effluent treatment plants, Sabzevar stabilization pond, activated sludge (Factory sanitary wastewater) and rural Wetland with Tested by standard methods. (according to 2017 version of the book Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater) and compared with Wilcox, Ayers and Westcot, FAO, WHO, USEPA standards.To determine the competence of three different types of effluent for agricultural use.
In accordence with the standards of Iran, Wilcox, Ayers and Westcot, FAO and WHO, all three types of effluent can be used for irrigation with low to moderate negative impacts. However, in the more stringent standards (USEPA), stabilization pond and Wetland did not meet the BOD, TSS factors threshold, and the activated sludge effluent did not provide the BOD factor.
According to the results, the activated sludge treatment system meets the standards of wastewater consumption in agriculture better than the other two systems. Over time, the standards will become stricter. Choosing the type and correct operation of the treatment system has a significant impact on providing the quality standards of effluent for irrigation.

Using new psychological approaches along with biological treatments is an effective measure to reduce secondary mental symptoms caused by biological diseases. The purpose of the present study is to compare the effectiveness of extra diagnostic treatment and treatment based on acceptance and commitment to the quality of life of patients with irritable bowel syndrome.

The current study was a quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population included all patients with irritable bowel syndrome who were referred to Hakim Poursina Center in Isfahan in 2018-2019, out of which 45 people were selected by the available sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (15 people). and the quality-of-life questionnaire of Patrick et al (1998) was used. For of the experimental groups, meta-diagnostic treatment packages and treatment based on acceptance and commitment were provided in eight 90-minute sessions. The data were analyzed by univariate covariance analysis using SPSS19 software.

Both trans-diagnostic interventions and acceptance and commitment were effective in improving the quality of life of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (p<0.05), while the examination of the difference in means in the follow-up test indicated higher effectiveness of transdiagnostic treatment on quality of life.

With the effectiveness of both approaches used, the conclusion shows that doctors and the treatment team can prevent the severity of secondary symptoms caused by chronic diseases by using psychological treatment approaches along with biological treatments and thereby facilitate the treatment process.

Autism is a set of environmental and genetic disorders in the nervous system that result in defects in social behaviors, social communication, stereotyped behaviors and difficulty in motor skills and inability to plan motor. These factors are the severity of the disease and how affect its response to treatment.
In this study, we sought to identify a common list of different genes expressed (DEG) using a meta-analysis method by bioinformatics tools. Three microwave studies were identified, including 109 samples, of which 90 were sick and 19 were healthy. These studies were analyzed by software and meta-analysis was performed on them.
After isolation of genes with different expression with the help of statistical analysis by R software, genes (EIF1AY, EIF2S3, IL32, ARPC4-TTLL3, LILRA5, EIF5A, XIST, RARA, TXLNG,) were obtained and then by examining their gene ontology from the final results were obtained through the enrichr database and the association of their interaction pathways with pathways and interaction networks with other genes involved in autism.
By identifying genes with different expression in different studies that had a significant decrease or increase in expression and examining them in biological, molecular and cellular pathways in general, it was found that this set of genes can be used in autism and some pathways in the functional process. This disease has a role, so it is possible to provide desirable treatment strategies to control them by examining the targets of their effects and products.

The covid-19 pandemic caused many changes in the educational methods of the country's universities, and many educational institutions created and launched virtual classes or developed their traditional systems. The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the satisfaction of virtual education and its relationship with academic enthusiasm in the students of the Azad University of Rasht during this pandemic.
The present study was a cross-sectional descriptive study in which 425 students were in two medical and non-medical sciences groups by stratified random sampling and completed a self-report questionnaire on satisfaction with virtual education and Fredericks' academic enthusiasm. The data were analyzed using SPSS software, an independent t-test, one-way variance, and Pearson's correlation.
The average score obtained from the satisfaction scale was 78.70±22.89 and academic enthusiasm was 51.12±11.58. The least satisfaction was found in the medical sciences group and also their academic enthusiasm was reported to be lower than others. The level of satisfaction with the virtual education method was higher among non-native and graduate students than among other students. Also, a statistically significant correlation was observed between the satisfaction score and the academic enthusiasm of students (p=0.004).
Considering the importance of academic enthusiasm, especially in the fields of medical sciences, which work by saving people's lives, there is a need to empower and train the skills of using virtual education to increase the satisfaction and proper communication between professors and students to improve the situation of creating caused by the epidemic.

The Covid-19 epidemic brought a high level of fear and anxiety. The results of previous studies have shown that the variables of fear of Covid-19, behavioral inhibition system, and negative emotion regulation strategies have a crucial role in predicting psychological well-being. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between fear of Covid-19 and psychological well-being and the mediating role of the behavioral inhibition system and negative emotion regulation strategies in this context.
The design of the present study was descriptive-correlational and of the path analysis type. The statistical population of this study included Iranian adults, of whom 450 individuals were selected using the available sampling method. Data were collected using the Rif short form of the Psychological Well-Being Questionnaire, the Fear of Covid-19 Scale, the Behavioral Activation and Inhibition Scale, and the Persian short form of the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. Pearson correlation method, multiple regression and path analysis were used for data analysis.
The results of the present study show that there is a significant relationship (P<0.01) between the fear of covid-19, behavioral inhibition system, and negative emotion regulation strategies with psychological well-being. In addition, the bootstrap results show that the mediating role of the behavioral inhibition system (0.001) and negative emotion regulation strategies (0.006) is significant.
Psychological well-being is predicted through the path of fear of covid-19, behavioral inhibition system, and negative emotion regulation strategies.

Following the announcement of Covid-19 as a pandemic. High authorities of world health systems including the Minister of Health in Iran shared their findings and achievements with public through media. The present qualitative study aimed at analyzing the news reports of the minister of Health on Covid-19 focusing on word collocation and discourse and communicative strategies.

This review study was conducted on news reports released from December 11, 2019 till January 20, 2021 (end of the third rise) on Mehr News Agency. The extracted data were chronologically ordered in 316 reports (155800). Then the frequency of the related expressions was checked. The themes were extracted in following six steps using Clark and Braun Model (2013): familiarity with data, encoding, searching the themes, reviewing the themes, introducing and naming the themes, and finally rounding out and writing the final analysis.

The concepts were put in nine categories: clarifying the duties of the Health Ministry, assignment for people, uniting the public forces, hope creation, focusing on the ideological foundations, expressing virtual education methods, using metaphors, expressing international dimensions, and using emotional devices.

The extracted concepts show the efforts of the Iranian Corona National Headquarters to clarify the issue, attract the public cooperation and accompaniment.

The emergent Covid-19 disease with conspicuous prevalence is putting the healthcare workers' job security at risk. The preventive behaviors in every individual have a close relationship with his/her risk perception of the risk factor. Hence the present study has been undertaken aiming at determining the Iranian healthcare workers' risk perception of the Covid-19 disease at the beginning of the crisis and the relevant effective factors
This anonymous online survey was conducted in summer, 2020 using available sampling method among the Iranian healthcare workers. The data was collected via online-social networks using a researcher-made questionnaire containing demographical specifications, risk perceptions, with five sub-scales including cognitive, cultural, political, social and emotional factors. Data analysis was done in spss software 16.
From 165 participants, the age group (20-49 years) with 84% and the females with 60% constituted the majority of participants. The average risk perception score of the healthcare workers was 66.43±8.17. The Spearman correlation coefficient showed the significant direct relationship between the risk perception score and all the sub-scales at 0.01 significance level. The political and cultural factors had the highest correlation with the personnel risk perception (r > 0.75).
At the beginning of the crisis, Health workers did not have an excellent risk perception of the emergent Covid-19 disease. It seems that at the onset of a crisis, training is necessary to increase the risk perception of employees.

It seems eating disorder is increasing in adolescent. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based therapy on body image and identity styles of female students with anorexia nervosa.
The research design was quasi-experimental, pre-test and post-test and control group. The statistical population was adolescent girls with anorexia in the academic year 2020-2021 Karaj. At least 30 students were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. In 10 treatment sessions, the experimental group received treatment, and the control group did not benefit from this intervention.  The instruments used were Garner and Garfingel (1982) Eating Attitudes Questionnaire, Brzonsky Identity Styles Questionnaire (1989) and Imaging Physics Questionnaire (Kash & Prozinski, 1990). Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance and mixed analysis of variance.
The results showed that acceptance and commitment-based therapy leads to the emergence of a positive body image and the acquisition of a committed identity in students (p <0.01). Follow-up also showed that the effectiveness of the intervention is lasting.
According to the findings, it can be concluded that the method of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy leads to the positive body image and committed identity style in female adolescent. Therefore, psychologists and counselors can use this treatment for female students with anorexia.

Regular physical activity during pregnancy is associated with a reduced risk of gestational diabetes. The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the level and intensity of physical activity in pregnant women with gestational diabetes and healthy pregnant women.
This case-control study was conducted on 100 referring pregnant women (50 pregnant women with gestational diabetes and 50 healthy pregnant women) with purposeful sampling from available samples with an age range of 25-35 years. Physical activity level was measured using the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire (PPAQ). Mann-Whitney u test was used to compare the level and intensity of physical activity of two groups.
The level of physical activity at home (p=0.013), Transportation activity(p=0.000) and total physical activity(p=0.012) in the gestational diabetes group was significantly lower compared to the healthy pregnant group. There was no significant difference in occupational physical activity(p=0.815) and Sports/exercise activities(p=0.104) between the two groups. The activities with light intensity(p=0.042) and moderate intensity(p=0.030) in the gestational diabetes group were significantly lower than the healthy group. No significant difference was observed in high-intensity activities (p=0.315) and sedentary behaviors (p=0.114) between the two groups.
The results of the present study showed that the level of physical activity and activities with light and moderate intensity in pregnant women with gestational diabetes are lower than in healthy pregnant women, hence the development of prevention programs with aim of increasing the level of physical activity is necessary.

Drug addiction is a chronic brain disease characterized by forced and impulsive drug use. The aim of this study was to structurally model the severity of substance dependence based on affective temperament with the mediating role of inhibition control.
The research was a correlation of structural equations. The statistical population included all drug addicts who referred to Ardabil addiction treatment camps in 2021. A total of 200 of these individuals responded to the substance abuse severity, affective temperament and inhibition control test (go / no go) by Purposive sampling method. The obtained data were analyzed using smart pls3 software.
The results showed that affective temperament had a direct and significant effect on the severity of substance dependence. Also, the indirect effect of affective temperament on the severity of substance dependence was confirmed by the mediation of inhibition control.
According to the results of the present study, the study of affective temperament and inhibition control is a necessary and vital step in management, prognosis and prevention of dependence and substance use.

Based on high prevalence of sexual dysfunction in menopausal woman, this research was performed to investigate the effect of the medicinal plants on sexual function in menopausal women.
In this systematic review of clinical trials, Persian relevant articles  were identified through a systematic search of databases from 2000 to 2021 ,using  the keywords of (female sexual dysfunction, sexual function, sexual satisfaction, sexual behavior, sexual activity, menopause, Post menopause, Herbal medicine , Medicinal plants, herbal materials, phytoestrogens, phytotherapy, Randomized Clinical Trials.The Jadad scale was used to assess the quality of the retrieved articles
In final twelve articles were analyzed. The studied plants were ginkgo biloba, fennel, st johns wort, palm pollen, fenugreek, afrodit, , hop, black cohosh, lavender, ginseng, saffron, red clover, Tribulus terrestris, nigella sativa and vitex agnus castus and hybrid aromatherapy (fennel, Heracleum persicum, salvia officinalis, bergamot, lavender and geranium) that were studied on different dimensions of sexual function.
Based on the results of studies, most plants were effective in improving sexual function. Although due to the limited number of studies performed for each plant, it was not possible to perform meta-analysis in this study, so it is recommended to conduct more studies in relation to each plant to provide sufficient evidence to decide on the use of each Herbs are offered as less dangerous and less expensive treatments to improve sexual function in menopausal women.