مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جیرفت
سال دهم شماره 1 (بهار 1402)

Environmental protection and preservation have become one of the most important issues of human societies today. Various studies have shown that among the various ways of addressing environmental problems, the most fundamental, effective, and cost-effective method to prevent environmental destruction is through the observance of environmental protection behaviors by humans. Therefore, to achieve this goal, we need environmental literacy education. This literacy should identify and respond sensitively to the complex and changing communications between humans and nature. Environmental literacy education increases people's awareness of the environment and the use of environmental information to improve it. To promote environmental literacy and protect the environment, the following three educational areas are proposed: 1. Environmental literacy in the cognitive domain: We enhance people's awareness and sensitivity to the environment and related problems. 2. Environmental literacy in the attitudinal domain: In this domain, obtaining a set of values and feelings of concern for the environment and motivating individuals to actively participate in improving and protecting the environment will be effective.3. Environmental literacy in the behavioral domain: In this domain, by considering environmental concerns in daily activities, environmental literacy education can promote the use of behaviors that reduce the adverse effects of the environment.

One of the goals of the health reform program (HRP) which was started in 2014, was normal vaginal delivery (NVD) promotion. Although, HRP has been successful in increasing NVD, it seems medical complaints related to the delivery have been rising during this program. Therefore, this study examined the complaints related to the NVD and cesarean section in 2011 to 2017.

In this retrospective study, the complaints registered in the field of obstetrics and gynecology surgery in the sub-branch of midwifery, in the Forensic Medicine Organization and the Police Department of Tehran were investigated (before and after the HRP) randomly.

The results of this study showed that in 18 cases (16.3%) of the investigated medical complaints, malpractice occurred, 14 cases of which (77.8%) related to before and 4 cases (22.2%) related to after the implementation of the HRP.

The results of this study showed that some medical malpractices are avoidable. Health system managers should pay more attention to avoidable malpractice to improve the quality of the services. The results of this study showed that the implementation of the HRP did not cause an increase in the number of registered complaints related to the delivery.

Psychological distress is a common disorder during pregnancy. Nevertheless, it is recommended to conduct national and regional studies to identify factors influencing it. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of investigating psychological distress in pregnant women subjected to domestic violence.

This descriptive-cross-sectional study was conducted in 2020 on 305 pregnant mothers subjected to domestic violence in southern Iran. Subjects were included in the study by census and the data were collected through questionnaires: Kessler's psychological distress and the short form of domestic violence screening scale. Then, they were analyzed using SPSS version 24 software.

The mean score and ± standard deviation of the psychological distress of pregnant women under domestic violence was 24.68 ± 6.43. The results showed that psychological distress had a direct and significant statistical relationship with the age of pregnant women (p<0.05 and r=0.18), marriage duration (p<0.001 and r=0.31), number of children (p<0.001 and r=0.22), and domestic violence (p<0.001 and r=0.73). . Also, the result of the independent t-test showed that women with planned pregnancy had lower mean scores of psychological distress than women with unwanted pregnancy (p<0.001, t=5.13).

According to the results of the present study, it can be concluded that the identification of factors influencing domestic violence and psychological distress as a main and important priority in the health of mothers and infants should  receive the attention of healthcare managers.

Sexual behavior problems are among the most common behavioral problems of children. This study aimed to predict sexual behavior problems of children, both with and without pre-existing sexual problems, based on parenting stress and marital conflict.

The present study was a descriptive-correlational study. The study population consisted of parents with children between the aged between 6 to 12 in Ahvaz city in 2021. A total of 294 parents were selected for the study using convenient sampling. The data were collected online using the questionnaires of children's sexual behavioral problems, parenting stress, and marital conflicts. Data analysis was conducted by discriminate analysis throughout SPSS software.

The results showed that parenting stress and marital conflicts are predictors of children's sexual behavioral problems; And these variables are able to predict the group membership of children in two groups with sexual behavioral problems and without sexual behavioral problems. The significance level in this study was p<0.01.

Finding suggest that reducing parenting stress and resolving in marital conflicts can help prevent children's sexual problems. Moreover, these parental variables should be considered when working with children who have sexual problems.

Morphine withdrawal syndrome is one of the aggravating factors of apoptosis in diabetic cardiomyopathy. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of resistance training on some markers of apoptosis caused by diabetic cardiomyopathy and morphine withdrawal syndrome in diabetic male rats.

In this experimental study, 32 male wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups with 8 rats, including diabetes, morphine diabetes, diabetes + resistance training, diabetes morphine + resistance training. After implementing the diabetes induction protocol, the addicted groups received morphine orally for 21 days, and then the training groups participated in the resistance training protocol for 8 weeks. Then all the rats were killed and dissected and their heart tissue was removed. ELISA kits were used to evaluate apoptotic factors.

In diabetic rats with withdrawal syndrome, BAX values and BAX/BCL2 ratio increased significantly and BCL2 value decreased compared to the diabetic group. Resistance training in diabetic rats with withdrawal syndrome caused a significant increase in BCL2 and a decrease in the amount of BAX and BAX/BCL2 ratio compared to the diabetic group with withdrawal syndrome. Also, resistance training in the diabetic group increased BCL2 and decreased BAX and the BAX/BCL2 ratio compared to the diabetic control group. In none of the cases, there was no significant difference between the diabetes-withdrawal syndrome-resistance training group and the diabetic control group.

The results of the present study showed that resistance training reduces the apoptotic factors of heart tissue caused by morphine withdrawal syndrome in diabetic rats.

Work-family conflict is a type of conflict between roles; the purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of work-family conflict on musculoskeletal disorders and the tendency to leave job in the personnel of social security hospitals in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province in 2022.

In this descriptive-analytical study, the statistical population is the medical personnel of the social security organization of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province. The sample size includes 141 people. In order to collect the data, standard questionnaires of Nordic musculoskeletal disorders, Carlson and Kakmar's work-family conflict questionnaire and Lahey's quit questionnaire were used.  SPSS18 software and Pearson correlation and regression tests were used to analyze the data..

The average score of musculoskeletal disorders was 2.53±0.53 and the average percentage of the maximum score was 64%, the average score of work-family conflict was 3.09±0.61 and the average percentage of the maximum score was 61.8%, and the average score of inclination to leave the service, 2.68±0.70 and the average percentage of the maximum score was 53.6%. There was a positive relationship between musculoskeletal disorders and family-work conflict (p<0.001). Also, there is a positive relationship between the desire to leave the service and work-family conflict (p<0.001), but there was not a significant relationship between the average score of musculoskeletal disorders and the desire to leave the service (p>0.001. The results of the regression test showed that the work-family conflict and musculoskeletal disorders have a significant relationship with controlling the mediator role of leaving service (p<0.001).

Considering the results, it is necessary to take necessary measures and interventions to improve the situation of work conflicts among employees to prevent leaving job and musculoskeletal disorders.

Changes in myostatin levels and modulation of body composition may help explain the adaptation of these variables in response to exercise. Therfor, The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effect of two methods of resistance training (RT) and functional training (FT) on the myoestatin and body composition in non-active men.

In this semi-experimental study, with a pre-test-post-test and a control group, 45 non-active men in 2022 were selected and divaided into three groups randomly: FT (n= 15), RT (n= 15) and control (n= 15). Both training program was performed for 8 weeks, three sessions per week and 40 to 50 minutes each session for the experimental groups. Blood sampling for measurement myoestatin and measuring the percentage of body fat (BF%) and lean body mass (LBM) were done in two phases: pre-test (24 hours before the training) and post-test (48 hours after the last setion of the traning). The data were analyzed using the Covariance and Benferroni post hoc tests.

The results of study showed that both training methods had significant effects on decrising myoestatin and BF% and incrising LBM in non-active men (p=0.001). However, these changes of variables were higher in the FT group than in the RT group (p=0.027). The average level of myoestatin in the FT group in the pre-test and post-test was 74/66± 15/98 and 47/06± 13/24    respectively, this rate in the RT group in the pre-test and post-test was 73.73±15.68 and 59.40±14.37 respectively.

These results show the effect of both training methods on decrising myoestatin and BF% and incrising LBM, although these changes were more in FT. Therefore, it is recommended; coaches, athletes and other officials involved in sports exercse use these training methods, especially FT for sports performance and improvement of body composition.