مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی سبزوار
سال سی‌ام شماره 3 (پیاپی 128، امرداد و شهریور 1402)

Multiple sclerosis is a debilitating disease that affects patients with a variety of problems, including reduced function, reduced life expectancy, and emotional and economic problems. For this purpose, the present study was conducted with the aim of predicting suicidal ideation based on self-compassion in married women with MS in Hamadan.

The present study was a descriptive correlational study and its statistical population was 153 women with MS in Hamadan who were selected by convenience sampling method and 110 people were selected and studied based on Krejcie and Morgan sampling table. Suicidal tendencies, self-compassion, and psychological resilience were assessed by Beck's Suicide Tendency (1979), Nef's Self-compassion (2003), and Bond & etal (2011) Psychological Flexibility Questionnaires. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient test using SPSS software version 25.

The value of r was -0.385 in the confidence level was more than 0.95 and this means that with increasing self-compassion of women, their suicidal tendency decreases.

Self-compassion and psychological flexibility had a negative effect on the tendency of women with MS to commit suicide, so developing appropriate psychological programs to increase psychological flexibility centered on self-compassion for these patients can be useful.

Heart disease is one of the most common diseases in the world. The aim of the current research was the efficacy of written emotional expression training on adherence to treatment in heart patients.
The present study was practical and quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design and a two-month follow-up with a control group. The statistical population included all patients with heart problems in the west of Tehran city, 40 of whom were selected by available sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. They completed Medanlo adherence to treatment questionnaire (2013). The data was analyzed using the repeated measurement variance analysis method with the help of SPSSV19 software.
The results showed that there was a significant difference in the adherence to treatment variable and all its components (F=7.332 and P<0.01). After the intervention in the variables of interest in treatment (F=7.694 and P<0.01), willingness to participate (F=6.959 and P<0.01), ability to adapt (F=14.113 and P<0.01), integration of treatment with life (F=9.953 and P<0.01), adherence to treatment (F=6.891 and P<0.01), commitment to treatment (F=6.892 and P<0.01), doubt in implementing the treatment (F=19.877 and P<0.01) and adherence to treatment (F=43.134 and P<0.01) of the group.
Finally, it can be concluded that the use of written emotional expression training has elevated the adherence to treatment and its components in heart patients. Therefore psychologists, counselors, cardiologists, and clinical and health professionals can benefit from this training in order to improve the adherence to treatment of heart patients.

Coronavirus is an infectious disease that is faced by the large nursing community today, especially nurses working in the intensive care unit. Along with other job stressors in the nursing profession, the nature of this disease has affected the quality of Work Life (QWL) of nurses. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of Benson relaxation on nurses' QWL in caring for Covid 19 patients. This study was a two-group clinical trial. The research units included 62 nurses working in the intensive care units of Vasi Sabzevar Hospital, who were divided into two Benson sedation and control groups by census method and random assignment in 2019. The intervention group performed relaxation exercises twice a week for one month and each time for 20 minutes. Data collection was done through WRQoL-2 quality of work-life questionnaire. The data was analyzed by spss-16 software. The mean score of QWL of all nurses before the intervention in the crisis conditions was 53±4.4 which is at the low quality of life levels. The quality of life of intensive care nurses increased after Benson relaxation compared to the control group (p <0.05). This study showed that Benson relaxation increases the QWL in nurses in the face of Covid-19 patients, so it is suggested that nursing managers while using relaxation techniques, by creating a calm work environment and Low stress conditions provide the active participation of nurses to achieve the goals of the health system.

Wet cupping is one of the therapeutic or preventive bloodletting methods with a long history that is recommended during certain times in Persian Medicine sources, but there is no recommendation regarding the amount of blood flow. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of time and circumstances of the applicants on the amount of removed blood.

This is a descriptive cross-sectional study, by easy sampling method with 739 participations of men who referred to a fixed center for wet cupping in Saveh city in 2022. The data was collected using an Information gathering form, and analyzed by SPSS-16.

Totally 739 men were referred. The average age was 34.91 years, height 174.92 cm, weight 80.32 kg and body mass index (BMI) was 26.25. The mean amount of blood excreted during cupping was 89.04 g. The amount of exited blood during cupping had a positive correlation with day and lunar month as well as age, height, weight, BMI, history of cupping, and the number of previous cupping records, and the statistical difference was significant (P <0.001) but the based on its doing time (day of the week and solar month) was not significant (P> 0.05).

The amount of excreted blood during cupping has a statistically significant relationship with age, height, weight, BMI, previous cupping history, and time of cupping.

Osteocalcin and osteopontin are related to diabetes and osteoporosis. The aim was to determine the effect of eight weeks of endurance-resistance training and taurine supplementation on osteocalcin and osteopontin in diabetic male Wistar rats.
In this experimental study,40adult male Wistar rats weighing 250-300grams and 6weeks old were randomly divided into 3 diabetic groups (each group, 10Rat); exercise, supplement and a control and a non-diabetic groups were included as a healthy control group. To make diabetic, 55mg/kg of body weight of streptozocin was injected. Combined exercises were performed for eight weeks and 5times a week. Taurine supplementation was taken as a 1% solution in water daily. One-way ANOVA and Bonferroni's post hoc were used to compare the inter-group and intra-group changes of the variables.
Osteocalcin increased significantly in the diabetic exercise group compared to the diabetic control (P=0.018) and decreased significantly in the diabetic control compared to the healthy (P=0.0001). Osteopontin increased significantly in the diabetic control group compared to the healthy control (P=0.003); While, there was no significant difference in other groups (P=1.000). Body weight and BMI increased significantly in the exercise-diabetic group compared to the diabetic-supplement (P=0.0001). There was a significant decrease in food consumption in the diabetic exercise group compared to the diabetic supplement group (P=0.030).
Eight weeks of endurance-resistance training and taurine supplementation led to an increase in osteocalcin and no change in osteopontin.

Diabetes is a common disease that leaves serious complications. Educating the patient about the disease and self-care methods can prevent negative consequences, but few patients participate in self-care education. The present study explains the understanding and beliefs of diabetic women about the barriers to participating in self-care empowerment programs.
This qualitative research was conducted in Sabzevar city. Purposive sampling was used to select the participants and theoretical sampling was also used to complete the classes. Data was collected by semi-structured interview. A total of 21 diabetic women were interviewed for 6 months. The interviews were analyzed with Graham and Landman 's content analysis method. To ensure consistency and accuracy of data, credibility, transferability, dependability,and conformability criteria were assessed.  
The results of the qualitative content analysis led to the extraction of 4 main categories including "scientific information related to the disease and self-care", "the way the doctor deals with the patient and the disease", "the physical and mental health status of the patient" and "beliefs and opinions".
According to the findings of the research, it is recommended to design interventions for physicians in order to establish more interaction between physicians and patients, considering the influence of their recommendations and behaviors on patients' decision to participate in self-care and attend educational programs

Moral decision making and moral behavior are important and influential activities in adolescents' lives. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Core self-evaluation training on adolescents' moral decision making and moral behavior.
The method of the present study is quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The population of this study was female high school students in Tehran, 32 of whom were randomly selected and divided into two groups of 16 randomly. The instruments used included the moral decision making and moral behavior scale. The participants of the experimental group underwent a Core self-evaluation approach for 6 sessions. data were analyzed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) test.
The results showed that there was a significant difference between the Core self-evaluation group and the control group in the variables of moral decision making and moral behavior (P<0.0001). Due to the difference in means, the Core self-evaluation group performed better than the control group.
In a general conclusion, it can be stated that Core self-evaluation training as a direct psychological intervention can affect the cognitive function of moral decision making and moral behavior of ninth grade girls and increase the quality of their decision making and moral behavior.

Since the anxiety is one of the effective factors in athletes, The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on reducing anxiety in Martial Athletes.
The research method was semi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design and control group. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all Martial Athletes in Ardabil in 2022. 30 people were selected by available sampling method and randomly assigned in experimental and control group (15 people in each group). Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) was implemented in 10 sessions, each session lasting 20 minutes, but the control group received no training. Data was collected using State-Trait Anxiety Questionnaire (Moritz, 1990), which were administered in two stages of pre-test and post-test. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA).
The results showed that there was a significant difference between the post-test scores of the experimental group compared to the control group. In other words, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) led to a significant increase in the self-confidence scores and a significant decrease in the physical and cognitive anxiety scores of the athletes (P<0.05).
According to the results of this study, the treatment of transcranial direct current stimulation is an effective intervention on reducing anxiety in Martial Athletes and is a suitable, low-cost and accessible way that athletes can use.

Patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder face many psychological problems. Purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of group schema therapy on distress tolerance and practical obsessive-compulsive symptoms in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.
The research design was a semi-experimental type of pre-test and post-test with experimental and control groups. The statistical population of the study included all women aged 20 to 30 with obsessive-compulsive disorder who referred to counseling centers in Tabriz in 2019. From among the statistical population using the purposeful sampling method and based on the score of Maudsley's obsessive-compulsive questionnaire (Hodgson and Rachman, 1977) and the distress tolerance questionnaire of Simmons and Gaher (2005) in the pre-test, 24 people who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected as the sample. formed a statistic. These 24 people were randomly selected into 2 groups of 12 people, test and control, the test group received group schema therapy, and the control group is on the waiting list. Covariance analysis was used to analyze the research data. The data were analyzed using spss-22 software.
The results of the research showed that group schema therapy significantly leads to an increase in the ability to tolerate distress and a reduction in the symptoms of practical obsessive-compulsive disorder in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.
It can be said that group schema therapy is a suitable approach to increase distress tolerance and reduce practical obsessive-compulsive symptoms in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Satisfaction with married life depends on various factors. Also, among the effective factors for increasing breastfeeding, we can mention the level of self-efficacy of the mother in breastfeeding. This research was conducted with the aim of the relationship between marital satisfaction and breastfeeding self-efficacy in primiparous and multiparous mothers hospitalized in Qom city in 2022.
This study was of a descriptive-correlation type, which was investigated in 81 primiparous mothers and 49 multiparous mothers selected by convenient sampling method (available). Data collection was done using an ENRICH marital satisfaction questionnaire and BSES-SF breastfeeding self-efficacy questionnaire. The data was analysis by using SPSS statistical software.
mean and standard deviation of marital satisfaction in primiparous women (2.56±1.01) and in multiparous women (2.54±1.06) and breastfeeding self-efficacy in primiparous women (2.55±0.97) and in multiparous women (2.50±1.007). There was a significant relationship between marital satisfaction and breastfeeding self-efficacy in primiparous and multiparous mothers, respectively.
The results of this research indicate that the status of breastfeeding self-efficacy and marital satisfaction of the mothers who participated in this study was lower than the average level. Also, there is a relationship between marital satisfaction and breastfeeding self-efficacy in the primiparous and multiparous mothers in Qom's selected Hospitals in2022. Therefore, this research confirms the necessity of educating and informing parents about the importance of supporting the spouse and its effect on improving the family's breastfeeding self-efficacy.

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of direct cranial electrical stimulation and cognitive-behavioral therapy on cognitive functions and psychological well-being of methamphetamine-dependent patients.
This experimental study was a post-test pre-test by control group. The statistical population was all male patients dependent on methamphetamine referred to Gam Addiction Treatment Clinic in Ghaemshahr in 1399, from which 45 statistical samples were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly divided into 3 groups of 15 (Experiment 1, Experiment 2 and Control) were divided. Subjects in all three groups answered the Wechsler Form A (1945) and Reef (1989) psychological well-being questionnaires in three stages of pre-test, post-test and follow-up. For experimental group 1, direct electrical stimulation from the skull with a maximum current of 2 mA and a maximum voltage of 80 volts, and for the experimental group 2, sessions of cognitive-behavioral therapy on the protocol of cognitive-behavioral therapy (Bailing, McCabe, Anthony, 2011) It was performed for 12 sessions and the control group did not receive any treatment. SPSS24 software and descriptive and analytical statistics (Analyze of Covariance and Post-Hoc) were used to analyze the data.
The analysis showed that direct electrical stimulation from the skull and cognitive-behavioral therapy had a positive and significant effect on cognitive functions and psychological well-being (p < 0.05). But the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy was greater (p < 0.05).
Cognitive-behavioral therapy can be used to reduce psychological problems cognitive functions and improvement in methamphetamine-dependent patients.