نشریه پژوهش های به زراعی
سال چهاردهم شماره 3 (پاییز 1401)

In order to evaluation of two new foreign (Greek) upland cotton cultivars Value of Cultivation and Use(VCU) evaluation, during 2018 a trial was conducted as complete randomized blocks design by four replications at three provinces, South Khorasan (Birjand), Fars (Darab), and Ardabil (Moghan). Control common improved commercial upland cotton cultivars were: Varamin and Khordad cultivars (South Khorasan province), Bakhtegan and Golestan cultivars (Fars province) and Varamin and Mehr cultivars (Ardabil province). Based on National Guideline for Testing Value for Cultivation and Use of Cotton, evaluated traits were: 1-seed cotton yield, 2- earliness, 3- boll number per plant, 4- boll weight, 5-lint percent, 6- fibers length, 7-fibers fitness,      8- fibers elasticity, 9-fibers strength and 10- fibers uniformity. Based on trials results, in south Khorasan province (Birjand) new Greek cultivars Maxa and Leon respectively in terms of earliness and fibers uniformity were superior to control cultivars. In Fars province (Darab), control cultivars more early maturity than Maxa and Leon new foreign cultivars. Also, Maxa and Leon new cultivars superior than control cultivars in terms of boll number and Maxa new foreign cultivar regarding to fiber uniformity and elasticity superior than control cultivars. Based on the research results, in Ardabil province (Moghan) Leon new foreign cultivar for seed cotton yield, earliness index and boll weight and Maxa new foreign cultivar in terms of boll number were superior to control cultivars. Also Varamin control cultivar and Leon new foreign cultivars regarding to fibers length were superior to other evaluated cultivars. Therefore, Leon new cotton foreign cultivar cultivation as a new cultivar recommendable in Ardabil province (Moghan).

In this study, three types of chelated iron containing fertilizers (Sulufeed, Frilan iron cheated with EDDHA, Petrokimia - chelated Fe-EDTA and iron sulfate were compared . This research was conducted in 2013 in two phases. First stage an incubation experiment availability of iron in soil in at two time periods were studied. So in a greenhouse experiment the effect of fertilizer in tree levels (15,30,45 ppm) on plant growth parameters were also investigated. The results of incubation experiment, Frilan fertilizer and sulufied had more soil iron content (6.1 &9.3 mg/kg) at 38 days’ period and at 56 days all treatment, showed a relatively similar levels of iron content. The results of corn growth experiment under fertilizer treatments indicated that highest leaf Fe content (80 mg/kg) and soil Fe content(8mg/kg) after harvest were for the sulufeed  treatment. In general, sulufeed and Frilan had better performance in all experiment with respect to iron uptake on release of iron.

Tobacco is the most important weed Orobanche, leading to reduced performance and quality of this product. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of herbicides to control weed orobanche and enhancement of the Virginia tobacco leaves, a field experiment in a randomized complete block design with 8 treatments and 3 repetitions in July 2014 was conducted in the city Talesh of Guilan. In this experiment, herbicides glyphosate Sl41% and sulfosulfuron were used in the following concentrations and different times: Herbicides application glyphosate at  0/5 L/ha 25 days at 0/75 L/ha 45 days and 1 L/ha 65 days after transplanting used of postemergence, Herbicides application glyphosate at 0/5 L/ha 35 days at  0/75 L/ha 55 days and 1 L/ha 75 days after transplanting used of postemergence, glyphosate three application at 1/5 L/ha  in 25, 45 and 65 days after transplanting, glyphosate three application at 1/5 L/ha  in 35, 55 and 75 days after transplanting, glyphosate three application at 1L/ha in 25, 45 and 65  days after transplanting, glyphosate three application at 1L/ha in 35, 55 and 75 day after transplanting  solfosolforun at 70g before transplanting + glyphosate 1 L/ha 25.45 and 65 days after transplanting used of postemergence, solfosolforun at 70g before transplanting +  glyphosate 1 L/ha 35,55 and 75 days after transplanting used of postemergence, were the most effective treatment on broomrape control. The results showed that largest percentage decline Orobanche in the number of stem air (100%), shoot dry weight (100%) and the density of tumor underground (66/95%) and the highest performance green leaf tobacco (10,834 kg per hectare), increase performance leaves dried tobacco (3/1664 kg), the average price of a kilogram of tobacco per hectare (60,435 dollars) estimated. Based on the findings 70g treatment of sulfusulfurun before planting seedlings + glyphosate 1 liter per hectare, 35, 55 and 75 days after planting, it can be reported as a superior treatment.

In order to determine the effect of foliar application of micronutrient fertilizers and humic acid consumption on the yield and yield components of sesame in the delayed planting date, an experiment was conducted in the research farm of Iraqi Mahalle station in the crop year of 2022. This research was carried out as a completely randomized block design with 9 treatments in 3 replications in the research farm of the Iraqi Mahalle. In each plot, 5 rows were planted, the distance between rows was 40 cm and the distance between replications was 3 meters. The studied traits included plant height, harvest index, seed yield, thousand seed weight and biological yield. The results obtained from this study showed that the treatment with humic acid + micronutrient, control and control + irrigation fertilizer + humic acid fertilizer had the highest biological performance, and the lowest biological performance was related to humic acid irrigation fertilizer and irrigation fertilizer + micronutrient. Also, the weight of one thousand seeds in the control group and the eighth treatment was significantly lower compared to other treatments. These results show that the use of micronutrient fertilizers and humic acid could significantly increase the weight of a thousand seeds. Finally, the seed yield was significantly higher in control, control + humic acid seed, and control + humic acid seed + micronutrient than other treatments. These results show that application of humic acid has better effects on grain yield than other treatments.

The large fluctuations of the final yield of greenhouse cucumber are of great importance in Iran due to its very large cultivated area, so that 76.47% of all greenhouses in the country are under cucumber cultivation. In order to investigate the effect of crop density and variety in the production of greenhouse cucumber (Cucumis sativus), a factorial experiment was conducted in the form of a basic design of randomized complete blocks in 3 replications during 2016 and 2017. Based on this, single-flowered, double-flowered, medium-flowered and multi-flowered cucumber cultivars were cultivated in different planting densities of 37, 42 and 47 cm. The results of the research showed that the highest production productivity was achieved in the planting density of 42 cm between the plants and the selection of    multi-flowered cultivars with a maximum yield of 270 tons per hectare, and the lowest yield was obtained in single-flowered cultivars with a planting density of 37 cm. meter and numerical value of 197 tons per hectare was obtained. Therefore, the main reason for the decrease in cucumber yield in Tehran province was the selection of low-flowering cultivars with inappropriate planting density.

This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the combined use of biological and chemical nitrogen sources under the conditions of limited water resources on some agricultural traits and the yield of fodder in the crop years of 2016 and 2017 in Arak. This experiment was done in the form of a      split-split plot and in the form of a basic design of randomized complete blocks in four replications, so that irrigation levels were placed in the main plot and nitroxin and nitrogen levels were placed in the sub-plots. The investigated factors were irrigation at two levels of regular irrigation and water restriction, nitroxin at three levels of the control treatment, consumption of 0.5 and one liter of nitroxin per 30 kg of seeds consumed and nitrogen at three levels including the control treatment, consumption of 125 and 250 kg of nitrogen per hectare through 46% urea fertilizer. The interaction effect of irrigation and nitroxine on all the measured traits except the number of rows in the cob and the number of seeds in the cob was significant, and with the application of one liter of nitroxine under normal irrigation conditions, the highest amount of these traits was obtained. In the conditions of applying irrigation restrictions, the consumption of 1 liter of nitroxin compared to the application of 0.5 liters and also the treatment without the use of nitroxin resulted in a slight increase in all investigated traits. The interaction effect of irrigation and nitrogen was significant on all studied traits except the number of cobs in the plant and the total number of seeds in the plant, so that the highest amount of effective traits was obtained from the consumption of 250 kg of nitrogen under normal irrigation conditions. The interaction effect of nitroxin and nitrogen on other traits was significant. The highest number of cobs per plant and higher fodder yield (with an average of 86.42 tons per hectare) were obtained as a result of the consumption of one liter of nitroxin combined with 250 kg of nitrogen per hectare, but regarding other traits, the highest average results were obtained from the consumption of one liter of nitroxin. along with 125 kg of nitrogen per hectare.