مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تربت حیدریه
سال یازدهم شماره 1 (بهار 1402)

alcohol consumption during pregnancy causes damage to the mother and the developing fetus, especially the central nervous system. Oxidative stress, activation of cell death pathways and intervention in the expression of neurotrophic factors are among the disorders caused by alcohol. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between oxidative stress and BDNF gene expression in pregnant rats treated with ethanol and its effect on the number and weight of offspring.

Pregnant rats were divided into five groups of six: control group (distilled water only) and four treatment groups that received ethanol (20%, 4.5 g/kg) by oral gavage, respectively. They received the first 5 days, the first decade of pregnancy, the second decade of pregnancy and the entire period of pregnancy. Mothers were weighed during pregnancy and children were weighed after birth. Mothers were ethically sacrificed after giving birth and their hippocampal brain tissue was extracted. The activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide desmutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the hippocampus of the samples were evaluated by spectrophotometry. BDNF gene expression was measured by RT-PCR method. SPSS, Excel and one-way analysis of variance and Tukey statistical tests were used for data analysis.

The administration of ethanol to pregnant rats did not affect the weight of the mothers, but it caused a decrease in the number and weight of offspring, an increase in MDA, an increase in SOD activity, a decrease in GPx activity and a decrease in BDNF expression compared to the control group.

Ethanol had the most adverse effects in the treated groups in the second decade of pregnancy and the entire pregnancy period of mother rats.

Consuming high-fat diet causes obesity and can play a role in increasing free radicals and reducing the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Imbalance between free radicals production and antioxidant defense may lead to liver tissue damage. This study evaluates the effects high intensity interval training (HIIT) on alteration of hepatic antioxidant enzymes in rats fed with high-fat diet.

In this experimental study, 21 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: control fed with normal diet (n=7), control fed with high-fat diet (n=7), and fed with high-fat diet+ HIIT (n=7). The animals of all three groups were fed with their own diet for 23 weeks. The training group while receiving a high-fat diet, in the final 8 weeks performed the HIIT protocol three times a week. At the end of the intervention, SOD and GPX enzymes in liver tissue were assessed by enzyme colorimetric method.

The results showed that liver GPX enzyme levels in the fed with high-fat diet+ HIIT group increased significantly compared to the control fed with normal diet (P=0.003) and control fed with high-fat diet (P=0.001), but hepatic SOD enzyme levels did not change significantly in the three groups (P=0.153).

The findings of this study imply that, HIIT presents an antioxidant stress effect on liver tissue in the rats fed with high-fat diet.

Amoxicillin (AMX) is a commonly used antibiotic in medicine (beta-lactam family). The residue of this compound has been detected in water sources and causes antibiotic resistance.

In this study, a renewable adsorbent based on graphene oxide (graphene oxide nanocomposite modified with CoFe2O4) was synthesized and used to absorb AMX from aqueous medium. The characteristics of the synthesized nanocomposite were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, pHZPC and BET/BJH.

It presented the maximum adsorption capacity based on the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, which is 238.62 mg/g adsorbent, much higher than that reported by different nanoparticles. which can indicate the dominance of the chemical absorption mechanism in this process. The absorption process was investigated using the response procedure method and central composite design (CCD), under different operating conditions of adsorbent dose, initial AMX concentration, temperature and sonication time. In the present study, more than 70% of AMX concentration was removed.

In summary, the synthesized nanocomposite as a renewable adsorbent is likely to have significant effects on pharmaceutical wastewater treatment and can be considered as an efficient material for treatment techniques for future research.

The use of ozone in water and waste water treatment and health and food industries has found an exponential trend due to its compatibility with the environment. Ozone, which is a triatomic molecule of oxygen, is a strong oxidant and unstable free radical that quickly combines with other substances or turns into oxygen after decay. The production of ozone with electricity is simple, but the main challenge is the high cost of electricity consumed by ozone generators. The purpose of this research was to design and build ozone generating devices with less electricity consumption.

In this research, after computer simulation, various types of ozone generators and plasma generators were made with the approach of reducing energy consumption. Since all these equipments are composed of three components, frequency increasing circuits and voltage increasing transformers and reactor based on electric discharge in gas, after designing and simulating all three parts separately, we proceeded to build a complete pilot device for color removal. And the water was disinfected.

by making an ozone device that consumes as much as a 30-watt low-power light bulb and by injecting this device's ozone for 5 minutes into water with methylene blue color pollution as an indicator of color pollution and Escherichia coli as an indicator of microbial pollution , while decolorizing, 99% microbicide was achieved in water.

In order to produce ozone from cold plasma, integrated construction and simultaneous optimization of the circuit, transformer and reactor have been done. According to the high frequency inverter designed in this research, the ozone production reactor works at a lower temperature.

A complex, ambiguous and unpredictable situation like Covid-19 has a profound effect on the physical and mental health of patients and their families. Considering the uncertainty of this disease, it is necessary to investigate the experience of the uncertainty of the disease in patients, for better management of this issue. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explain the experience of uncertainty of the disease in patients with Covid-19.

A qualitative study was conducted using the descriptive-interpretive phenomenology approach and Van Menen's steps. Sampling started purposefully and continued until data saturation. Data were collected using in-depth semi-structured interviews. The six-step approach of "Van Menen" interpretive phenomenology was used to analyze the data.

Data saturation was achieved with the entry of 17 participants. 2 themes and 4 categories were extracted: the theme of the meaning of uncertainty in Covid-19; Enclosed in chains of tension and pain, intensifiers of the onslaught of uncertainty) and responding to the uncertainty of Covid-19; Developing experiences and personal growth and striving for inner solace.

Uncertainty of the disease among those suffering from Covid-19 is an unpleasant psychological experience and is associated with conflicting emotions. However, within this uncertainty, patients try to maintain hope for the future with different spiritual and psychosocial strategies.

Human resources are important and the success factor of organizations, they should be given special attention. The job satisfaction of the employees is the absence of failure to job burnout and disturbance in their personal and social performance, and it ultimately brings benefits to the organizations. In order to increase productivity, organizations pay capital costs to evaluate the annual changes in the job satisfaction of their employees. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of emotional regulation difficulty in the relationship between metacognitive beliefs and rumination with job burnout.

The above descriptive research is of the correlation type and the statistical population of this study was the employees of banks in Mashhad in 1401, 80 people were considered for each variable, and a total of 320 people were selected by simple random sampling method. The participants responded to Moslesh job burnout questionnaire, DERS emotion regulation problem questionnaire, Nolen Hoeksma and Marver rumination questionnaire, and Wells metacognitive beliefs questionnaire.

The results of the path analysis showed that metacognitive beliefs and hypocrisy increase employee burnout both directly and indirectly through emotional regulation problems. Metacognitive belief such as (positive belief about worry and negative beliefs about uncontrollability and danger in thoughts and cognitive trust and cognitive awareness) with self-harm results of emotion regulation has a significant positive relationship (p=0.05 and r=0.54) such as (cognitive trust and the belief needed to control thought with and cognitive self-awareness) has a significant inverse relationship with perception of emotion regulation (p=0.05 and r=-0.34), as well as ruminative responses with all changes in emotion regulation. It has a positive relationship (p=0.001 and r=0.31) and job burnout with emotion regulation (not accepting emotional responses, damage in performing the target behavior and limited access to emotional and non-emotional regulation strategies) has a significant Direct and weak relationship. (p=0.05 and r=0.24).

These findings confirm The role of metacognitive beliefs and rumination of the individual in reducing the difficulty of emotional regulation is emphasized in order to achieve job burnout.

Cataract surgery is the most common intraocular procedure in theworld. Trauma during surgery causes an inflammatory response in the eye. This studyaimed to determine the effect of 1% prednisolone acetate topical drops on pupil dilation and pain after uncomplicated cataract surgery in diabetic and non-diabetic patients.

In this double-blind clinical trial study, 80 patients with cataracts participated. First, the patients were divided into 2 diabetic and non-diabetic groups, and then each group was randomly assigned to 2 intervention and control groups. Intervention groups received 1% prednisolone acetate drops 4 times, 24 hours before surgery, and artificial tear drops were used for the control group. Tearing, pain, photophobia, itching, foreign body sensation and horizontal pupil diameter were compared between 4 groups using chi-square, independent t tests and analysis of variance.

Prednisolone Acetate 1% topical drops had a significant effect on pupil dilation (P=0.03). Postoperative photophobia in patients receiving prednisolone drops in non-diabetic patients was significantly lower than in the control group (p=0.001). The severity of postoperative itching in patients receiving prednisolone drops in both non-diabetic (p=0.006) and diabetic (p=0.02) groups was lower than their control groups. The amount of pain reduction in the non-diabetic intervention group was higher than the other groups (p=0.04).

The results of this study show that the topical drug prednisolone acetate 1% can be used before cataract surgery as an auxiliary drug to maintain intraoperative dilatation in diabetic and non-diabetic patients and reduce photophobia, pain and itching after surgery.