مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تربت حیدریه
سال یازدهم شماره 2 (تابستان 1402)

Diabetes and abnormal thyroid function cause disorders in the reproductive system, which are associated with complications such as decreased testosterone, diameter of seminiferous tubule, libido, sperm motility, normal sperm morphology and fertility. It has been found that high blood sugar and decreased thyroid hormones may affect the quality of sperm and reduce the chances of male fertility. It has been also shown that changes in the sperm chromatin structure during the process of spermatogenesis is correlated with reduced number and motility or abnormal sperm morphology. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the effects of diabetes and hypothyroidism on sperm chromatin quality.

In this study, 60 Balb/C male mice were randomly divided into 5 groups: 1) control, 2) diabetic, 3) diabetes + insulin, 4) sham and 5) hypothyroid group. After 35 days, left epididymis were removed to assess sperm chromatin quality using aniline blue staining.

The results of this research showed that sperm chromatin integrity in the diabetic and hypothyroid groups significantly changed as increased the percentage of abnormal sperm chromatin and reduced chromatin quality compared to other groups (P<0.05) and insulin treatment improved this parameter compared to the diabetic group. (P<0.05).

Our findings showed that diabetes and hypothyroidism have negative effects on chromatin integrity and suffering from the such diseases will probably increase infertility.

Self-monitoring is a complex and subjective concept, and various definitions of it have been presented. Lack of proper understanding and application by the treatment staff leads to an increase in the burden of referrals, imposing costs and reducing the quality of people's lives. This concept has been used many times by researchers, but its dimensions have not been fully identified. This study was done with the aim of clarifying the concept of self-monitoring.

Analysis of the concept of self-monitoring, based on the model of Walker and Avant (2005) was done in eight steps by searching PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, Irandoc, Magiran and SID databases and using the keywords monitoring, self-monitoring, self-control and self-regulation, and also their English equivalent without time limit until 1402 (2023).

Self-monitoring is a multidimensional concept. Health literacy, motivation and purposefulness are its most important components. This type of care can occur at different individual, interpersonal, family and community levels.

The present study identified different dimensions of the concept of self-monitoring. Future studies can use the results of this study to create tools and design effective and multidimensional interventions so that its effects can be seen on a wide scale.

Autism spectrum disorder is one of the psychological disorders in children. Timely and accurate diagnosis of this disorder is of great importance in providing appropriate care and treatment for children. The main objective of this research is to emphasize the significance of features related to autism and their diagnosis using an intelligent model, as some of these features have higher priority.

For this purpose, the principal component analysis (PCA) method was employed to prioritize the features, and after extracting the optimal features, automatic disease diagnosis was performed using artificial neural networks.

The data used in this study were collected from the Kaggle dataset, including 1054 individuals, out of which 728 were diagnosed with autism and 326 were healthy. The results of this study indicate that the gradual elimination of features and reduction from 18 to 12 features can lead to achieving the same accuracy in diagnosing the autism spectrum using artificial neural networks.

Reducing the number of features in artificial intelligence models for autism diagnosis not only improves and optimizes the diagnostic process but also helps in reducing parental stress and preserving their privacy due to the reduced number of questions. Ultimately, this leads to the generation of models with better performance and interpretability.

Avicennia marina plant has antioxidant and hypoglycemic properties. The flavonoids of the Avicennia marina plant prevent the formation of oxygen free radicals; therefore, it can inhibit the oxidative stress caused by various diseases, including diabetes. This study aimed to investigate the effects of hydroalcoholic extract and flavonoid of mangrove (Avicennia marina) leaves on Bax, Bcl2, Caspase-9 and p53 in ovarian tissue of type 1 diabetic rats.

In this experimental study, 42 rats were randomly  divided into 6 groups: control, non-treated diabetic and 2 leaf total flavonoid -treated diabetic groups (50, 100 mg/ml, and 2 hydroalcoholic extract treated diabetic groups (50, 100 mg/ml). At the end of the treatment period, Bax, Bcl2, Caspase-9 and p53 in ovarian tissue was measured by ELISA method.

According to the results, Bax, Caspase-9 and p53 in the ovarian tissue of diabetic rats treated with concentrations of 50 and 100 mg/Kg of total flavonoid of Avicennia marina compared to the diabetic control group significantly decreased in a dose-dependent manner also Bcl2 increased significantly. The amount of Bax, Caspase-9 and p53 in the ovarian tissue of the group treated with a concentration of 100 mg/Kg hydro alcoholic extract significantly decreased and the amount of Bcl-2 increased significantly compared to the diabetic control group. In the comparison between total flavonoid and hydro alcoholic extract at a concentration of 50, no significant difference was observed, but at a concentration of 100, total flavonoid compared to the hydroalcoholic extract caused significant changes in the investigated parameters.

Total leaf flavonoid of Avicennia marina is more effective in reducing apoptosis and p53 protein in ovarian tissue of type 1 diabetic rats compared to Avicennia marina hydro alcoholic extract.

By antibiotic resistance growing and improvement of resistant bacteria strains, was reported useing of plant extracts considering. The aim of this study was to identification the antibacterial effect of Artemisia turcomanica on Klebsiella pneumoniae resistant strains and its effect of fimH and rmpA drug resistance genes expression.

From 100 clinical samples were collected, Klebsiella pneumoniae strains were detected by biochemical tests and their antibiotic resistance was identified by disk diffusion test. The presence of fimH and rmpA genes was found using PCR technique. After of Artemisia turcomanica extraction, its antibacterial effect was evaluated of different concentrations against resistance strains. Expression of fimH and rmpA genes with the Real-Time PCR method, before and after of treatment with herbal extract was investigated. Data by SPSS software was analyzed.

Among the 100 isolates, 30 isolates were identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae and from these 30 isolates, 10 isolates with resistance to several antibiotics were selected. The fimH and rmpA genes in eight and seven resistant strains, respectively, were existed. The most resistant strains against the Artemisia turcomanica extract were found with MIC equal to 200 μg/ml. The Real-Time PCR results shown a significant decrease in the fimH and rmpA genes expression after of herbal extract treatment (P<0.001).

According of these results, Turkmen herb could be given antibacterial effect with decrease of resistance genes expression in Klebsiella pneumoniae. For confirming of these results, requests more research.

One of the main factors in changing the lifestyle of obese people is choosing the correct method of physical activity and following dietary considerations. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of circuit training and consumption of red tea on some liver enzymes and lipid profile and insulin changes in obese women.

24 obese women were randomly divided into 4 groups: circuit training, circuit training with red tea consumption, red tea consumption and control. Circuit training was performed for 8 weeks and 3 sessions per week. The subjects of the supplement group also received 2 grams of red tea daily for 8 weeks. Lipid indices, insulin resistance, atherogenic and some liver enzymes were measured before the start of the training program and after the last training session through blood samples. The data was analyzed by Spss software version 21 at a significance level of P≥0.05.

Weight and body mass index were significantly reduced in exercise + supplement and exercise groups (p=0.001). The percentage of fat also decreased significantly in the exercise + supplement and exercise groups (p=0.001 and p=0.004). Total cholesterol levels were significantly reduced in exercise + supplement and exercise groups (p=0.029 and p=0.001). LDL levels were significantly decreased in exercise + supplement and supplement groups (p=0.017 and p=0.037). Triglyceride and HDL levels in the supplement group decreased and increased significantly (p=0.010 and p=0.001). Atherogenic index was significantly decreased in exercise and supplement groups (p=0.021 and p=0.001). ALT liver enzyme levels decreased significantly in the training group (p=0.017).

According to the results of the present study, it seems that the use of circular exercises with the help of red tea is probably considered an effective approach for weight loss.

Rheumatoid arthritis is the most common disease in the general society. Like many other chronic diseases, rheumatoid arthritis is related to lifestyle. The result of this study was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between food habits and physical activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in Zahedan.

In this case-control study, 170 healthy individuals referring to health centers in the city and 170 rheumatoid arthritis patients referred to AliIbnAbiTaleb Zahedan Hospital in 1401 were randomly selected. Validity and reliability questionnaires including eating habits and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 software and using t-test and chi-square.

The results showed that salty foods (14.7% vs. 7.6%) and high-fat foods more than 3 times a month (52.4% vs. 35.9%) were more common in these patients than in the group. It is healthy. The number of overweight people in arthritis patients is more than the control group, and most of these people sleep less than 7 hours a day, have a low level of education and low income. There was also a significant relationship between physical activity between the two groups (p=0.001).

We found that the level of activity in these areas is lower compared to the general population. Rheumatoid arthritis patients have bad food habits. Therefore, a healthy lifestyle should be followed in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

The increase in the rate of self- injurious behaviors in teenagers has turned it into a major problem in societies. The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of interventions with two methods of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) and compassion-focused therapy (CFT) on distress tolerance, high-risk behaviors, and feelings of loneliness in students with self-injurious behaviors.

In this semi-experimental study, 45 female students with self- injurious behaviors were included. Samples were randomly divided into three groups (N=15): 1. mindfulness-based stress reduction group, 2. compassion-focused therapy group, and 3. control group. In the first and second group, 8 sessions of mindfulness-based stress reduction and compassion-focused therapy sessions were held, respectively. In the control group, no intervention was performed. After the sessions, all groups completed the distress tolerance, high-risk behaviors, and feeling of loneliness questionnaires and were followed up a month later.

The findings of this study revealed that both methods were effective in improving the variables of distress tolerance and high-risk behaviors, and its effect remained constant over time (P<0.01). In addition, both interventions were effective in reducing the feeling of loneliness only in the post-test phase and its effect was not maintained over time. No significant difference was observed between the average scores of the two experimental groups in all three variables in both stages (P < 0.05).

Holding mindfulness-based stress reduction as well as compassion-focused therapy sessions is effective in improving distress tolerance, high-risk behaviors, and feeling of loneliness in students with self- injurious behaviors.