نشریه پرستاری و مامایی ارومیه
سال بیست و یکم شماره 6 (پیاپی 167، شهریور 1402)

Depression is one of the common psychological problems in the patients with gastrointestinal cancer and can affect their quality of life and recovery process. Various psychotherapy treatments are used to reduce depression in these patients. This study aimed to determine the effect of group logotherapy based on the Frankel's logotherapy School on depression in the patients with gastrointestinal cancer.

This study was a semi-experimental research with a pre-test-post-test design. The research population was all the patients with gastrointestinal cancer referred to Omid Hospital in Urmia, Iran. Among the inpatients and outpatients, 50 patients with gastrointestinal cancer who met the inclusion criteria were selected using convenience sampling. Then the patients were allocated to control and intervention groups randomly. The data collection tool in the current study was a demographic questionnaire and Beck's depression questionnaire. All meetings were held online using the Ghara software. The intervention group was randomly divided into two groups of 12 and 13 people. Ten sessions, each lasting 60-90 minutes, were held for two weeks of group logotherapy based on the Frankel's School for the patients in the intervention groups. The control group members did not receive any intervention. Beck Depression Questionnaire was completed by the participants of both groups before and at 4th and 30th days after the end of the intervention. The results were analyzed using SPSS version 22 software.

The mean score of depression in the intervention group in the first, second, and third stages were 22.78 ± 7.24, 10.28 ± 3.832, and 11.17 ± 3.73, respectively; however, in the control group, they were 20.37 ± 7.485, 21.42 ± 6.543, and 20.47 ± 6.67, respectively. According to the results of the repeated measures analysis of variance, the mean difference between depression scores in the first, second, and third phases were statistically significant, indicating the intervention's effect on the mean depression score (P=0.003).

These results show that logotherapy based on the Frankel School can facilitate recovery of depression in patients with gastrointestinal cancer.

Embedding a foreign body inside the heart is considered a significant event in a person's life and causes a change in the level of control a person has over the environment and his choices. Therefore, correctly identifying the center or source of control can play an essential role in formulating strategies for the participation of these patients in useful health behaviors and adopting active coping strategies. Considering the importance of understanding the dimensions of the health locus of control and the lack of a similar study on these patients, the present study was conducted to determine the health locus of control in the patients with a permanent cardiac pacemaker who were referred to the dysrhythmia clinic of Seyed al-Shohadah Center in Urmia, Iran between 2022 and 2023.

In this descriptive-analytical study, 350 patients with permanent cardiac pacemakers referred to the dysrhythmia clinic of Seyyed al-Shohada Teaching Hospital in Urmia were selected using convenience sampling, and they completed the questionnaire. Demographic questionnaire and Multidimensional Health Locus of Control (MHLC) were used to collect data. This research was conducted over ten months, and all data was analyzed by SPSS software version 22 using descriptive statistics.

The results of this study showed that the highest mean scores among the dimensions of health locus of control belongs to external (28.90 ± 4.77) internal (26.03 ± 5.33) controls. Also, the lowest mean score was related to chance (17.76 ± 6.78).

It can be concluded that the center of health control of the patients with internal pacemakers is mainly from external control of powerful people. According to these patients, their health and care plan and definite consequences are controlled by medical staff, doctors, and specialists, and the patients feel that they have more prominent role in their health.

Hernia disease occurs when an area of an organ or tissue protrudes through a weak muscle layer. The most common treatment of this disease is hernia surgery, which is performed with anesthesia in two ways, open and closed. Anesthesia in older people with underlying diseases will be risky. In this case study, due to the high age of the patient candidate for hernia surgery, the patient was anesthetized through hypnosis.

Case Report: 

The case was an 87-year-old woman who was admitted to a hospital in Sari with the diagnosis of inguinal hernia and was discharged from the hospital one day after surgery with the help of hypnotic anesthesia. Hypnosis was performed by a psychiatrist and a psychotherapy fellowship who had completed a hypnotherapy course at the Iranian Clinical Hypnosis Association.

Since there is no medical treatment for hernia and its definitive treatment is surgery, the complications caused by anesthesia medications are high in the elderly. So, using hypnotic anesthesia is a suitable way to reduce the complications caused by anesthesia. Using hypnotic anesthesia is recommended for other high-risk patients who are candidate for surgery.

Autonomy is an important and necessary factor in nursing. Autonomy in the work environment can affect various factors, including nurses' retention and commitment to the job. The present study aimed to determine the professional autonomy and its relationship with the organizational commitment of nurses working in the critical care units of Urmia educational hospitals.

This descriptive and cross-sectional correlational study was conducted on 385 nurses working in intensive care units in 2022-2023. Sampling was done by quota method, and data collection was done using demographic questionnaires, Varjus professional autonomy scale, and Porter's organizational commitment questionnaire. Independent t-test and ANOVA were used to examine the relationship between demographic variables and the components of this research, and Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to investigate the relationship between professional autonomy and organizational commitment.

Based on the mean and standard deviation of nurses' professional autonomy (63.57±16.62) and organizational commitment (61.12±12.34), the nurses' professional autonomy and organizational commitment in the intensive care unit were moderate. A significant positive relationship was observed between professional autonomy and organizational commitment (p < 0.05).

By promoting nurses' professional autonomy, their organizational commitment can be improved, increasing the quality of care. Therefore, it is recommended to adopt appropriate strategies and necessary policies to improve nurses' professional autonomy.

Patients undergoing hemodialysis require a proactive program aimed at improving compliance with dietary and fluid restrictions. The current study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of implementing the continuous care model on the attitude related to adherence to diet and fluids in hemodialysis patients.

This semi-experimental research with intervention and control groups was conducted on 64 hemodialysis patients. The samples in this study were initially selected through convenience sampling and then randomly divided into two groups of the intervention group and the control group. Initially, demographic information and compliance-related attitude questionnaires were completed by the patients in both groups during the pre-test phase. Then, after providing an educational booklet, the follow-up care model was implemented in the intervention group. At the end of each month and until the end of the third month, the compliance-related attitude questionnaire was completed in both groups. Subsequently, the collected data were analyzed using statistical tests in SPSS software version 21.

The results of statistical analysis showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the mean score of compliance-related attitude toward dietary and fluid restrictions between the intervention and control groups before the intervention (p = 0.343); however, this score had significantly increased one month after the intervention (p = 0.005).

The results showed that by implementing the continuous care model one month after the intervention, patients exhibited greater adherence to diet and fluid restrictions; therefore, it is recommended that nurses use care models such as continuous care model in caring for patients.

Nurses can be more successful in neutralizing the consequences of stressful factors in the work environment by using the job self-efficacy capability. Also, increasing self-efficacy and improving organizational justice could affect nurses' job burnout. This study aimed to determine the relationship between organizational justice and self-efficacy and job burnout of critical care departments nurses in 2022.

This descriptive analytical study of cross-sectional-correlation type was conducted on 220 nurses working in the critical care units of five teaching hospitals in Hamadan city in 2022. Niehoff and Moorman's organizational justice questionnaire, Riggs and Knight's job self-efficacy questionnaire, and Garosa et al.'s job burnout questionnaire were used to collect data. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS version 26 software.

The results showed that the mean and standard deviation (SD) of organizational justice in the participants was equal to 3.01 ± 0.67 which is at an optimal level. The mean and standard deviation of total self-efficacy and job burnout were 103.40 ± 10.93 and 28.26 ± 4.62, respectively, and at the average level. According to the findings, nurses' organizational justice significantly correlated with their self-efficacy (P < 0.001, r = 0.393). Also, the multiple linear regression model indicated that only the effect of distributive justice and individual self-efficacy beliefs were significant on job burnout (with 99% probability).

By increasing nurses' perception of organizational justice, there will be an increase and decrease in their job's self-efficacy and burnout, respectively. According to the identified relations, the attention of nursing managers and leaders to enhancing the level of organizational justice can improve nurses' job self-efficacy and slow down the process of nurse job burnout.

Dear Editor,
Faculty members are regarded as the most important assets of higher education institutions, and assessing their issues is very important (1). These individuals play an essential role in improving students’ teaching, learning, and progress in various fields and lead to improving educational, professional, and research outputs (2).
Studies have indicated numerous tensions and challenges in the professors’ lives and their work quality. On the one hand, achieving an academic position is a complex experience for newcomer faculty members and is considered ideal. In addition, this professional experience is often laden with feeling overwhelmed and unprepared for some responsibilities and organizational dynamics, dealing with conflicts concerning expectations and cultures. In such a situation, it is indeed difficult to maintain personal balance and self-care (3).
The first days of professional experience are horrific and associated with mental pressures. The individual must conform to the new occupational procedure, environment, and co-workers. As newcomers in a professional environment, individuals do not know what to ask from whom. Therefore, they may take a long time to learn the simplest things (4). As a newcomer faculty member, an individual is conforming to the new situation. Studies present an image of professors' challenges when starting their new occupations. Adapting to academic life is often stressful. Professors have common worries, such as combating the shortage of time to do all affairs, uncertainty about the exact expectations others have from them, and challenges to achieve a balance between professional and personal responsibilities (5). The new member requires an understanding of the organization’s mission, goals, philosophy, structure, culture, value, employees’ activities, service standards, health and safety rules along with methods, timetables, and expectations so that the new member’s increased sense of loyalty and belonging to the organization is finally achieved (4). The first five years of the faculty member’s professional activities are usually the phase of status transformation and professional status stabilization, which is one of the most significant stages of the academic faculty members of universities across the country in their professional lives (6) because the new member has performed no activity concerning the new profession and has gained no experience in this regard until the familiarization stage; therefore, the training content and method will be extraordinarily influential in establishing the required individual activities and skills (4).
A study on American academics demonstrated that newcomer faculty members experience considerable stress regarding issues in their new life, such as stress, time, socialization, and evaluation, and also experience a high level of stress in conforming to such an experience. Many of these individuals report that they spend much time preparing for their classes, but still, they often do not feel prepared, leaving little time to consider the expected research programs (5). After completing the doctoral course, the ideal condition in nursing is the path toward achieving a faculty member position and starting an academic life. However, despite its high social prestige, this path is associated with many challenges and ups and downs, including struggling with problems such as not being familiar with the rules and job description, not being familiar with individuals at different levels in the organization and the organizational chart, providing theoretical lessons at the onset of entering the activity field, having clinical credits, the time-consuming preparation for teaching theoretical credits, assignment of numerous course credits (16/8 credits), low ratio of course credits to the amount of course materials, challenges of dividing and allocating credits, the lack of enough time for research activities, being confused to perform scientific promotion activities, assigning secondary tasks for education, such as consulting professor, continuous training, attending various councils and meetings without having a history of attending such meetings, being compared and evaluated by students and colleagues, the professional environment’s discriminations, and non-acceptance of new members and their working methods by students and some colleagues. Making efforts to satisfy the expectations of the organization, colleagues, and students, in addition to the conflict of personal life with the professional environment, imposes extreme fatigue and mental stress on the individual. All these cases would be true if the newcomer faculty member received no training in this regard, and most of the cases should go ahead by trial and error. These cases can influence faculty members’ capabilities and, finally, the educational quality.
The author considers it necessary to note a quote here, “…The generation has changed; the students’ expectations have heightened; the organization has expectations too. Well, we are busy all weekdays; we have internships in the mornings, classes and meetings in the evenings, etc. In addition, we have our life problems, too; we have no time to rest. It is challenging at first; it takes time to get into stride. We miss a lot of our work; we have no time to conduct our research; we do not really have time....”
Given the stressful conditions in the first years of professors’ professional activities and the stabilization of their professional position, which is regarded as the basic course, strategies are expected to be considered for entering the university arena. Therefore, it is suggested that they spend a short time on a training course before entering the doctoral commitment course and considering their sudden entrance to the educational field after graduation. Given their capabilities, the course credits need to be gradually increased to reach the quorum. Another strategy is allocating one full day per week to research activities to satisfy the organization’s research expectations. We hope that by considering these cases, we can take an effective step toward promoting the motivation of newcomer faculty members and greatly help improve these conditions

Sexual health is one of the most important aspects of marital satisfaction. Sexual satisfaction and sexual assertiveness are among the components of sexual health that can cause many problems in married people. The present study was conducted to compare bioenergy economy-based program and cognitive-behavioral therapy on sexual satisfaction and sexual assertiveness of women.

This semi-experimental study had a pre-test, post-test design with control group and follow-up period. The research population was married women aged 20 to 40 referred to counseling centers in Tehran's 7th district in 2021. Forty-five people were selected using convenience sampling, and randomly assigned to three groups of 15 each (two intervention groups and one control group). The intervention groups received cognitive behavioral therapy and treatment based on bioenergy economy for eight sessions of 90 minutes (once a week). Larson's sexual satisfaction questionnaires (1998) and Hurlbert's sexual satisfaction index (1992) were used as research tools. Data was analyzed in SPSS version 25 software using repeated measures ANOVA, considering the significance level 0.05.

The results showed that cognitive behavioral therapy and bioenergy economy- based program significantly improved sexual satisfaction and sexual assertiveness (P<0.05). The results of Ben Feroni's post hoc test showed that the effects of both treatments were stable in the follow-up period (P > 0.05), and there was no significant difference between the two approaches, regarding their effectiveness on women's sexual assertiveness and sexual satisfaction (P > 0.05).

To improve women's health and sexual satisfaction, cognitive behavioral therapy and bioenergy economy program can be used.