فصلنامه زبان شناسی اجتماعی
سال ششم شماره 2 (پیاپی 22، بهار 1402)

The poem Bot-Tarash (Idol Maker) by Naderpour has an important place in Iranian romanticism and needs to be studied from a discursive analysis point of view. The main question is what sensory-perceptual components articulate the discursive aspects of the romanticist approach in the text. The hypothesis is that this discursive articulation is in relationship with pre-discursive orientation of the enunciator and the tensive inter-subjective conditions. The results showed that the changes in the subjective relationships, comes from the semiotic orientation of the enunciator and his previous idea regarding the opposition between the ideal and the real beauty. The enunciator in the text has a theoretical plan for the insufficiency of ideal beauty in the real world. The inability of reality to actualize his imaginative and proverbial dreams causes the formation of despair, pain and anger. Enunciator wants to say that because it is not possible to fulfill his request digitally and through the magical mediation of a myth in the real world, he destroys his beautiful idealistic creature (idol). This is so because the mythical euphoria is forever out of reach and the gap between the ideal and the real will never be removed.

Begging is a social trauma brought about by various factors such as unemployment, poverty, aging and disability, laziness, addiction, disease, and family issues. This research aims to analyze the representation and application of persuasion techniques in the requests of beggars on a critical discourse analysis. The data of the study consist of Salimi's (2018) corpus of dissertation based on 20 beggars in Birjand as well as the discourse of 15 other beggars observed and recorded in the city of Qaen by the reseacher. Then the corpus was analyzed for the use of requests and persuasion techniques in the discourse of beggars in intertextual relation with two other related discourses, namely the discourse of charity and the discourse of work in the research community. The results showed that knowing the pepole's religious belives, especially the importance of alms in preventing disasters and diseases as well as the cultural importance of work value, beggars use all kinds of persuasion techniques to provoke emotions and compassion in pepole. They use a verity of methods, honestly or dishonestly such as verbal techniques including prayer, poetry, oaths, curses, and storytelling that are rhythmically expressed in a sad and effective tone, or non-verbal techniques such as staging, miserable appearance, positioning (temporal and spatial) and effective use of body language to create sympathy in the audience.

Kinship terms are one of the universal features of languages, and in addition to being a suitable indicator in sociological studies, they are of interest to linguists in terms of semantics and lexical structure. Koweldge of the ecological and taxonomic characteristics of language kinship relations can introduce us to their social structure from the past to the present time. In this research, the kinship terms of the Tehran Persian variety and Salt Lake English variety were investigated based on typological and ecological approaches. Ecological linguistics is a practical approach which explores the relation between language and the environment. The research method is descriptive-analytical. The data were collected through library research and field study. Library data were collected from the Academia website and the Dictionary of Slang Terms of Tehran and field data were collected through interviews with 9 informants in each variety. Findings show that from an ecological approach, the kinship terminology in these varieties are influenced by the environment and its surrounding factors such as geographical, cultural and sociological variables (including gender and kinship). The results show the presence, absence or diversity of kinship terms depend on the above factors, and when the language users differentiate these terms from a sexuality or ethnic viewpoint, the diversity is created. From a typological viewpoint, the findings suggest that the terms in the entire corpus mainly have a morphological concatenation strategy, including affixation and compounding. So in both language varieties, the morphological structure of the compound is more than simple and simple is more than affixation. In terms of compounding construction, juxtaposition is visible, but fusion is not seen.

Evaluating political speeches and analyzing their content is very important. The aim of this research is the linguistic analysis of the text of Trump's speech from the point of view of the types of process (verb) based on the experiential metafunction framework of the systematic functional grammar instruction of Halliday and Matthiessen(2004). The present is of descriptive-analytical type. In this way, the text of Trump's speech is presented in the form of six material, mental, relational, verbal,and existential processes, classification and model of the processes. The obtained results show that out of a total of 212 observation processes material process has the highest frequency with (62.7%) of the incidents, which is completely in line with the content of Trump's speech and his harsh words. It highlights Iran's efforts to develop ballistic missiles. It also refers to the sanctions and actions it will take against Iran by using the material process. , relational (13/3%), verbal (10.3%), mental (7%), existential (7.5%) and behavioral (1%).

The present study examines some Arabic Animal proverbs based on the Conceptual Blending Theory of Fauconnier and Turner (2002) in the framework of cognitive semantics. Anderson's (2013) Cognitive Proverb Model claims that proverb meaning is the result of a number of conceptual blending through which base meaning and then situational and performance meanings are constructed. Anderson's model can justify the presence of linguistic, cultural, social and situational elements in proverbs. In this research, six Arabic Animal proverbs have been selected and analyzed according to Anderson (2013) Model through a descriptive-analytic research method. The results show that the meanings of education, sermon, decree, etc. are the result of three blending processes. In the beginning, ANIMAL-HUMAN spaces are combined and through the metaphorical relationship of HUMAN AS ANIMAL, the first blended space, containing basic meaning is formed. This output is combined with the external situation space and makes the second blend involving situational meaning. Finally, the complete meaning of the proverb is created as an action in the relevant situations.

Fashion is a global industry that pollutes the environment by using natural resources. Sustainable fashion is a solution to deal with the environmental risks of the fashion industry, with the aim of preventing the waste of resources in the production and consumption sectors. The data of applied and descriptive-analytical study are collected through library research, are analyzed based on semantic semiotic approach of discourse in light of Jacques Fontaine's theory of transparency and prosthesis and Landowski’s adaptation system. The main issue is to see how fashion can create the conditions for a discourse that allows the transition from a system of destruction to an ideal system of the environment. Based on this, seven examples of brand activities have been purposefully selected and examined in terms of environmental sustainability and transparency. The results show that stimuli such as celebrities and environmentalists with their actions are able to create a desirable discourse system. It is suggested that governments and the private sectors establish companies to collect old textiles using the theory of transparency and adaptation and explanation of fashion prostheses and their relationship in the sustainable fashion industry, and  protect the environment as well as contribute to job creation.

With the spread of the corona virus, teaching Persian to non-Persian speakers, like other disciplines, turned to virtual and online education, and teachers faced new challenges in teaching Persian different aspects. One of these aspects was the prepositions teaching as polysemous categories. In language books, meanings of prepositions are usually presented in a list, and this problem makes learning them difficult. On the other hand, the cognitive grammar confirms the semantic network of prepositions around the prototype meaning. In this research, at first, using the semantic network of simple prepositions "از، با، به، تا، در", curriculum content was designed. Then, based on the cognitive theory of multimedia learning, a combined verbal-visual multimedia tool (animation) was used and the content was tested with 52 samples. The results of statistical analysis showed that the progress of language learners was significant. It can be concluded that the teaching of prepositions with research tools has been effective. In addition to the language level variable, social intervening variables of age, gender, nationality, field of study and status were also measured. The findings indicate that gender, nationality, field of study and age has had a significant effect. But other variables didn’t have a significant effect.