فصلنامه اخلاق در علوم و فناوری
سال شانزدهم شماره 4 (پیاپی 59، زمستان 1400)

Isfahan, with a history of several thousand years, is a unique treasure of folklore and culture, and oral stories among its people are one of the oldest examples of thinking and imagination of the people of this province, which shows their quality and mental issues and sorrow. It is a valid and useful document of the social history of these people. This study aims to investigate the role of ethics in the cognition and sociological analysis of traditional oral stories (folk tales) of popular culture in Isfahan province.
 

Traditional oral stories in the popular culture of Isfahan province, reflecting the nature of life, worldview of storytellers and their perceptions and interpretations of the concept of family-centered life and representing social ethics and the color and character of the small world of women, The role of native animals and plants in people's lives and its reflection in stories, God's ways of acting in people's lives and ways of approaching and appealing to God and ways of communicating with him, the role of supernatural forces in people's lives. Also, oral stories in the popular culture of Isfahan province show the type of worldview and social ethics in the daily beliefs of the people of Isfahan and represent the social and kinship organization, the role and status of culture, economy, society and belief system, public customs and literature. They are in Isfahan province.

Today, unfortunately, we are witnessing the expansion of competition in the world over the acquisition of weapons of mass destruction. Weapons of mass destruction are a set of weapons whose use causes widespread destruction and destruction of the environment and large-scale killing and massive human casualties, leaving no distinction between military and civilian and leaving irreparable damage and effects. Due to the importance of the subject of the present study, it was formed with the aim of banning the production and use of weapons of mass destruction in Islamic ethics.

Looking at the teachings of Islamic ethics, Islam's approach to war is a moral one and there are several principles that prohibit the use of weapons of mass destruction. Principles such as: the principle of the need to observe human behavior towards fellow human beings and the environment, the value of human life in monotheistic thought, the principle of the originality of peace in Islam, the principle of peaceful coexistence, etc. Also in war, the need for separation between military and civilian Preservation of the environment (ecological necessities), the principle of necessity of avoiding the imposition of unnecessary pain and suffering on the enemy and respect for the victims of war, which undoubtedly indicates the denial of the use of weapons of mass destruction in Islam. Therefore, what can be inferred from Islamic ethics is that according to the teachings of Islam, from the Holy Book to the hadiths, there are documents in the field of weapons of mass destruction that all emphasize the prohibition of the use of weapons of mass destruction.

Electronic transactions are another form of transactions that are done through electronic tools such as mobile phones, computers, tablets, etc. Considering the synchronization of Iran's economic system with the world and meeting the needs of the day, ensuring the correct conclusion of electronic transactions with the correct and ethical use of options is explored. The present study aims to reveal the problems of electronic transactions and their correct conclusion, has examined the nature and moral effects of options in electronic transactions and by refining the arguments and expanding their scope, has examined options in electronic transactions such as traditional transactions.
 

Some of the options that are specific to the sale and in which the sale and contract are relevant, are valid only for electronic sales and are incapable of flowing for the rest of them. Some options that are based on the ethical principles emphasized in Islamic jurisprudence, such as the option of deception and fraud, are accepted in various courts, and even in the absence of the law of options in a country, you can request the referral of property by invoking the right of termination. Options are not eternal and have a duration and a return, and this return can be terminated by abortion, abortion, expiration of the deadline. In general, it should be said that cucumber is fixed in electronic transactions, and according to the application of the legislator in the articles that have legislated cucumber in transactions and its non-determination and restriction regarding traditional transactions, it is appropriate. Also, cucumber has been established and current in this type of transactions due to the unity of the criterion, because it has been legislated or established to ward off my losses. Of course, there are no special options such as parliamentary option in this type of transaction, and this is due to the fact that the option is confiscated in the presence of a single parliament and it is not formed in this type of transaction

The relationship between ethics and politics is a subject that is closely related to the philosophy of politics on the one hand and sociology on the other. But it is very difficult to put the two together because politics belongs to the realm of power and domination, and the politician does not involve himself too much in moral concepts that are cumbersome for his purposes in order to gain power. In a situation where lawyers and criminologists are passionately examining and analyzing the dimensions of the country's moral policy in response to crimes and perversions, and praising or criticizing its various dimensions, in relation to pseudo-authorities. However, this study, while rationally and logically explaining the permissibility and necessity of analyzing the moral policy of the Government Penitentiary Organization, examined the policies related to this organization in responding to economic violations in the framework of the moral policy of the Government Penitentiary Organization.
 

The State Penitentiary Organization, as one of the most important quasi-judicial authorities in the country, mainly provides criminal answers in a judicial manner, mainly regarding criminal acts. In the analysis of the internal moral policy of the State Penitentiary Organization in relation to economic violations, it was found that the main policies aimed at controlling and combating economic violations by the State Penitentiary Organization can be summarized in two parts. The first was the field of criminal response and response measures, and the second was the field of active response or preventive policy of the Government Penitentiary Organization, which, although at the beginning of this path, but in accordance with these policies, the organization creates appropriate conditions in various dimensions of prevention. It has started its operational steps and in this section it should pay more attention to the goals of ethical policy

From the middle of the eighteenth century, satisfactory solutions were presented to individuals, which, by applying and proving them and the existence of personal and objective conditions, provided the ground for proportionality in criminal responsibility; Meanwhile, the legislator has tried to adapt the barriers to criminal responsibility with the same approach in legislative periods. In the present study, with emphasis on Article 307 of the Islamic Penal Code, an attempt has been made to examine proportionality or legislative error from the perspective of judicial ethics.
 

One of these barriers is the responsibility and subject of this study is "drunkenness barrier" which the legislator in a forward-looking invention has approved various states of subjective fit in drunkenness barrier in crimes subject to retribution (along with other limited crimes and Ta'zir) Thus, Article 307 of the Penal Code provides for measures to remove obstacles to criminal responsibility that lead to the actual appropriateness of the judicial decision, but the examination of the cases approved in this legal text, in view Immoral bills appear first, and are sometimes inconsistent with other articles of the Code of Ethical Punishment, including Article 154. Therefore, in this article, these two questions will be answered analytically and descriptively; Is the legislative approach to proportionality in Article 307? Is Article 307 the exception to the barrier of drunkenness in premeditated murder in the barriers to criminal liability, or is it the legislator wrong? This study indicates the legislator's proportionate approach to retaliatory crimes in the state of drunkenness. Which indicates legislative positioning and no legal inconsistencies.

In the field of moral education, a theory can be complete and flawless that is aware of the characteristics and features of man and the world. The principles and methods of moral education from the perspective of Allameh Jafari are based on the Qur'an and the Ahl al-Bayt school.
 

The results indicate that the principles and methods of moral education include rational life, thinking and reasoning, strengthening beliefs in moral education, strengthening beliefs in moral education, the place of encouragement and punishment in moral education, benefiting from high ideas, responsibility Acceptability in moral education is to find creativity and nurture it and pay attention to the values ​​and culture of society. In the moral school, the main goal should be to train thinking, researching, progressive, worldly, religious, creative and adorned human beings with moral virtues in order to achieve insight, happiness and a righteous society in individual and social affairs, which is to achieve the ultimate goal of life. It will include closeness to God and creation in the morality of God.

According to comprehensive banking model, banks classify their customers according to criteria and provide their services according to customers. Therefore, the present study was formed with the aim of developing a model of comprehensive banking policies with an ethical-Islamic approach in the Refah Bank.

The present study was conducted with a mixed approach. In the qualitative phase, the statistical population included professors and faculty members in the field of banking who, in addition to having a university education in this field, had a history of cooperation with the Refah Bank. From the community of experts, 8 people were purposefully selected as a sample. The research tool was a questionnaire and the data were analyzed by Delphi technique. In a small phase of the research, the statistical population of the senior and middle managers of the Refah Bank were in the central organization located in Tehran, from which a total of (125 people) were selected as a sample. The instrument of the researcher was a qualitative questionnaire and finally the data were analyzed by factor analysis and LISREL software.

Based on the findings of the qualitative section, 40 indicators were identified as prerequisites for the comprehensive banking policy model with an ethical-Islamic approach. In factor analysis, only 17 of the mentioned factors were approved and finally the research model.

The results of the study indicate the extraction of a comprehensive ethical-Islamic banking model in the Refah Bank. According to the results of the research, when formulating these policies, policy makers should observe all ethical-Islamic principles in their structure and activities in order to establish social and economic justice, distribute income and wealth fairly, and Balance payments and facilitate value exchanges to help maintain the value of money.

Social responsibility and ethics are important variables to strengthen production. The present study was conducted with the aim of presenting a model for creating socio-ethical responsibilities in strengthening the sustainable production of Iran's tire industry.

This research was applied in terms of purpose, and in terms of survey-exploratory approach and based on the data method. The statistical population of this study was a group of experts in the field of organizational ethics, organizational social responsibility, sustainable development and production, and the tire industry, including consultants and senior managers of the tire industry and university professors. The research sample consisted of 9 experts who used snowball sampling and process Achieving theoretical saturation continued. The main tools of data collection were in-depth and unstructured interviews with experts. Finally, the data were analyzed by open, axial and selective triple coding.

A total of 123 initial concepts were extracted and after putting them together and removing duplicate concepts, 39 concepts and 13 main categories were identified.

Companies active in the country's tire industry in order to strengthen sustainable production and achieve the result of stakeholder satisfaction, should try the commitment of top managers to ethical and Islamic principles, financial strength of the company, commitment of top managers to sustainable development and production, staff awareness Improve sustainable development and production as well as the company's desire to strengthen the brand. Various contextual factors will also play a role in this.

The model of resistance economy, which was prepared and presented with the guidance of the Supreme Leader of the Revolution and a group of economists, has two general types of responsibilities. One type of responsibility has a general status and the general public and organizations have duties and responsibilities to improve the economic situation of the country, and the second type are responsibilities that are clearly and explicitly assigned to specific institutions and organizations. The aim of the present study was the ethical pathology of implementing the general commercial policies of the country with the approach of resistance economy.

The present study was a descriptive-correlational study that was conducted by survey method. The statistical population included the staff and managers of the Chamber of Commerce, Industries, Mines and Agriculture and the Chamber of Guilds, the Ministry of Industry, Mines and Trade, 300 of whom were selected as a statistical sample by simple random sampling. The measurement tool for data collection was a researcher-made questionnaire on ethical pathology of the implementation of the general commercial policies of the country with the approach of resistance economics. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling method using PlS software.

The results showed that all questions have a significant effect (P <0.01) in the model. The fit indices of the structural model have a good fit, and also the results show that the amount of variance extracted

The model of resistance economy, which was prepared and presented with the guidance of the Supreme Leader of the Revolution and a group of economists, has two general types of responsibilities. One type of responsibility has a general status and the general public and organizations have duties and responsibilities to improve the economic situation of the country, and the second type are responsibilities that are clearly and explicitly assigned to specific institutions and organizations. The aim of the present study was the ethical pathology of implementing the general commercial policies of the country with the approach of resistance economy.

The present study was a descriptive-correlational study that was conducted by survey method. The statistical population included the staff and managers of the Chamber of Commerce, Industries, Mines and Agriculture and the Chamber of Guilds, the Ministry of Industry, Mines and Trade, 300 of whom were selected as a statistical sample by simple random sampling. The measurement tool for data collection was a researcher-made questionnaire on ethical pathology of the implementation of the general commercial policies of the country with the approach of resistance economics. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling method using PlS software.

The results showed that all questions have a significant effect (P <0.01) in the model. The fit indices of the structural model have a good fit, and also the results show that the amount of variance extracted and the common denominator for the ethical pathology of the implementation of the general commercial policies of the country with the approach of resistance economy is 0.416.

Incomplete, unscientific implementation and disregard for business ethics (such as meritocracy, transparency, fight against corruption and rent, etc.), has caused that despite many efforts, commercial policies continue to the basis of the approach of resistance economics in the implementation of have not achieved significant success. and the common denominator for the ethical pathology of the implementation of the general commercial policies of the country with the approach of resistance economy is 0.416.

Incomplete, unscientific implementation and disregard for business ethics (such as meritocracy, transparency, fight against corruption and rent, etc.), has caused that despite many efforts, commercial policies continue to the basis of the approach of resistance economics in the implementation of have not achieved significant success.

Sustainability reporting is one of the challenging issues that focuses on social and environmental aspects of companies as multi-purpose entities in addition to purely economic performance. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of political communication and the role of stakeholder pressure and corporate governance mechanisms on ethical commitment to sustainability reporting.

The present study was a descriptive correlational study and applied research. The study population included companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 2009 to 2018, which were selected as a sample using screening sampling and systematic removal of 117 companies. The data collection tool was the Deloitte scoring card. Data analysis was performed using structural equation method.

The findings showed that political communication has a significant negative effect on moral commitment to sustainability reporting. The results also indicate that political communication has a significant positive effect on stakeholder pressure and corporate governance mechanisms. On the other hand, the pressure of stakeholders and corporate governance mechanisms also have a significant positive effect on ethical commitment to sustainability reporting. Corporate governance mechanisms exacerbate the negative relationship between political communication and the ethical commitment to sustainability reporting.

The results indicate that the presence of political connections in companies reduces the ethical commitment to sustainability reporting, but the pressure of stakeholders and corporate governance mechanisms improves the ethical commitment to sustainability reporting.

One of the roles assigned to managers today is "organizing human resources" and to achieve this, managers are considering various approaches. Therefore, this study was formed with the aim of designing a model for organizing human resources with the approach of environmental ethics (green) in government organizations.

The research method was mixed. In the qualitative part, the foundation data theory approach was used. The statistical population included academic elites and experts of the tax system of Ilam province who were selected as a sample using purposive sampling and snowball sampling. Data collection tools were semi-structured interviews and data analysis and processing was performed in three stages of open coding, axial coding and selective coding. In the quantitative part, a descriptive-correlation method was adopted. The statistical population was managers at senior, middle and operational levels and employees of the General Department of Taxation of Ilam Province, from which 145 people were selected as a sample by random sampling. The instrument used in this section was a researcher-made questionnaire of the qualitative section. Structural equations and Smart-pls software were used to analyze the data.

In the qualitative part of the findings, 64 open codes were obtained, of which 58 codes were finally identified, and among them, 21 central codes were identified and the research model was formed by selective coding. In a small part, it was found that the research model has a good fit.

The results of the present study showed that in the central dimension of talent identification of recruitment candidates, attracting human resources aware of environmental ethics and their use, socialization, maintenance and use, as well as human resource risk was considered.

One of the most important variables in business interactions is examining the relationship between consumer moral characteristics and personality with the intention to buy. The purpose of this study is to increase our understanding of purchasing motivation by analyzing when and how ethical traits (awareness of values) and personality traits (purchasing pleasure) affect purchasing intent through perception of benefit and ease of use.

The present study was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population included people who had devices with Internet access. From the target population, a sample of 384 people was selected as available. The analysis tool was a researcher-made questionnaire and finally path analysis was used to test the indirect conditional effects.

The results show that both awareness of values ​​in consumers and their purchase pleasure have an indirect positive effect on purchase intention. The results also show that borderline conditions need to be considered when examining the effect of moral and personality traits.

When trying to increase their base and achieve sales goals, retailers need to pay attention to the social and cultural values ​​of society and consider the moral and personality traits of users.

Market orientation due to its function in social responsibility is often the key to developing various market-based organizational capabilities. The purpose of this study was to develop an appropriate model of market orientation with the approach of new technologies and social responsibility in the insurance industry.

The method of the present study was descriptive-survey-correlation. The statistical population included top, middle and executive managers in the insurance industry. Sampling was done by cluster random sampling and 345 people were estimated. In order to collect data, a researcher-made questionnaire was used. Descriptive tests, one-sample t-test and structural equation modeling using SPSS and Lisrel software were used to analyze the data.

The results showed that the dimensions of management, customer personality traits, financial support, knowledge and technology and analysis of market conditions have affected market orientation with the approach of new technologies and this undoubtedly has an impact on social responsibility and performance of insurance companies. It is positive and meaningful. Also, after examining the results of the structural model, the knowledge and technology dimension of market orientation with the approach of new technologies had the highest direct effect and the analysis of market conditions with the approach of new technologies had the least effect on the social responsibility of insurance companies.

The present study showed that there is undoubtedly a theoretical and theoretical relationship between the market orientation approach and social responsibility and firm performance.

This study was conducted to design and explain the ethical marketing process model in the home theater network industry.

This research is mixed in terms of practical purpose, exploratory in terms of approach, and qualitative-quantitative in terms of data analysis. In the qualitative phase of the research, in order to design a model based on the data theory methodology of the foundation, a group of marketing experts including university professors, senior marketing managers, and marketing consultants in the film and serial industry were selected. The researcher's theoretical saturation continued and a total of 9 interviews were conducted. The main tools for data collection were in-depth and unstructured interviews with experts. Data were analyzed by coding method. In the quantitative phase, customers (contacts) of the home theater network industry in Shiraz were considered as a community and among them, 400 people were selected as a statistical sample based on simple random sampling method. In the quantitative phase of the research, the main tool for data collection was a closed and researcher-made questionnaire and SPSS, LISREL and smart-PLS software were used for descriptive and inferential analysis.

Based on the results of the qualitative phase, 123 initial concepts were extracted, which after reviewing and putting them together and eliminating duplicate concepts, 39 final concepts and 13 categories were identified. Based on the quantitative phase results, all 20 research hypotheses were confirmed and the final research model was drawn.

The results of the research led to the design of an ethical marketing process model in the home theater network industry (based on the paradigm model structure) and the hypothetical relationships of the model in a large community were tested and confirmed.

Knowledge-based companies are private or cooperative institutions that are formed to achieve scientific and economic goals. The aim of this study was to investigate the behavioral-ethical characteristics of managers and its impact on the establishment of knowledge-based companies in universities.

The research method was exploratory. In the qualitative part of the statistical population, including the heads and deputies of the faculties, the directors of the University Growth Center and the group managers, 13 people were selected as the sample by purposive sampling method. The interview tool was in-depth and the data were analyzed using the Delphi technique. In a small part of the statistical population included all faculty members of the Islamic Azad University of Guilan province that 267 people were selected as a statistical sample using stratified random sampling. A researcher-made questionnaire of qualitative section was used to collect data. Data were analyzed by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis using SPSS22 and Lisrel software.

In the qualitative section, 30 components were identified, which according to the results of interviews, the highest frequency is related to the component of managerial skills of university administrators (0.846) and the lowest frequency is related to the component of ability to form a cohesive team (0.676). In the quantitative part, the findings showed that the highest impact factor was related to the component of support of university managers to the founders of companies with (0.81) and the lowest impact factor was related to the component of creating a suitable incentive atmosphere and encouraging successful projects with (58/5). 0) was. Also, the final model of the research was approved with fitting indices and standard coefficients.

With more focus on the link between science, technology, and academic corporations, universities are moving beyond their traditional roles of researching, teaching, and disseminating knowledge to a more advanced role in creating corporations and promoting academic entrepreneurship. Undoubtedly, in this regard, the moral and behavioral characteristics of managers will play a significant role in the development of knowledge.

The purpose of this study is to present a practical model of ethical advertising of consumer products in Iran.

The present study was qualitative and based on the grounded theory. There was a community of researchers and marketing and advertising specialists and experts in this science, 20 of whom were selected as a sample by snowball method. The data collection tool was an interview. In order to analyze the data, a three-step systematic coding method (open, axial and selective coding) was used.

In this model, causal conditions include (reducing sales efficiency, product introduction and market expansion), intervening conditions include (advertising environment and space, advertising laws and culture) and strategies include (content, communication and ethics). The results also showed that practical ethical advertising should lead to customer loyalty, increase credibility, customer trust, purchase decisions and increase sales.

An organization that bases its advertising on ethics is more likely to achieve goals such as customer loyalty and brand credibility in the long run, and thus achieve its main goal, which is to influence the decision to buy and increase sales.

One of the main pillars of citizenship rights is to prevent wastage of time and save citizen's time. Therefore, the present study was formed with the aim of conceptualizing and implementing consumer time planning as an important category of professional ethics and citizenship rights.

The present study was fundamental and among mixed researches. In the qualitative part, the data method of the foundation was used. The statistical population was experts in the field of time planning in the banking system (deputies, heads of banks and professors of business management) who were selected as a sample using purposive sampling to achieve theoretical saturation of 15 people. The analysis tool was in-depth and controversial and the data were analyzed by coding method with MAXQDA software. In the quantitative part it was a descriptive-correlation method. The statistical population was customers of state-owned banks in Tehran, from which 245 people were selected using available sampling. The instrument of the questionnaire was a researcher-made qualitative section and the data were analyzed by structural equation method using PLS software.

In total, by reviewing the research results, 24 initial codes, in the form of 6 central codes (reducing time (reducing the risk of customer expectation), filling the perceived waiting time from the employees' point of view, filling the perceived waiting time from the customer's point of view Time-based service overlap, intra-organizational standards, and time shift) remain exploratory factor analysis. The validity and reliability scores were supported by statistical scale.

Organizations try to prevent citizens from wasting their time with proper planning. Consumer time planning in banking processes is one of the manifestations of citizenship rights, and banks can do this in addition to respecting citizenship rights, leading to customer satisfaction and long-term survival of the organization

Sin is a feeling that arises from the emphasis on morality. From a marketing perspective, guilt is a negative self-awareness within the individual and the individual, which can lead to future consumer decisions, and this guilt with regrets, is one of the main challenges for marketing managers in maintaining customer loyalty and satisfaction. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the antecedents and consequences of consumer guilt and regret in purchasing decisions.

The present study was qualitative and phenomenological. The study population consisted of buyers of highly mentally challenged goods such as homes, cars, travel, cell phones, and home appliances with whom they had lived a life of regret. Among them, 21 people were selected as a sample based on multiple targeted sampling method (intensity and snowball). Data were collected using in-depth interviews. In the analysis stage, the data were analyzed through the process of continuous data comparison and open, axial and selective coding, as well as cognitive mapping analysis, concepts, categories and themes.

The findings show the extraction of 338 concepts by open coding. Considering the relationship between concepts at the axial coding level, 23 categories have been identified. In the selective coding stage, 9 themes were identified and finally, based on the cognitive mapping approach, 4 relational themes were extracted.

Individual effective factors and perceived risk in the socio-economic and cultural context cause feelings of guilt and remorse in the consumer, which leads to consumer emotional reactions and abandonment of shopping. Conflict and irreversibility of the decision were also identified as intervention conditions.

Ethics is a requirement of all professions and organizations, maintaining a sustainable competitive advantage in an industry is also an issue that requires constant updating of existing technologies and the development of new technologies, in this study based on the relationship between technology selection indicators Competitive advantage was discussed with professional ethics.

The present study is a survey-applied type. The statistical population was employees and experts in downstream petrochemical industrial units in 2019, from which 104 people were randomly selected as a sample. The subject was a researcher-made questionnaire to assess the indicators of technology selection and professional ethics. Data analysis was performed using Amos 21 software and structural equation modeling.

The results indicate a significant positive and negative effect of technology selection indicators (technological factors, technical factors, financial factors, business factors, organizational factors and environmental factors) on the elements of professional ethics, level of ethical progress, organizational environment, was the center of internal and external control and observance of scientific laws and standards.

The important point here is the choice of technology based on the model in downstream petrochemical industrial units, but it is important to use a method based on collective wisdom and taking into account all the opinions of technology ethics experts by avoiding trial and error or waste of human resources.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting effective human resource management based on social responsibility indicators in the Tehran Real Estate and Documents Registration Organization.

This purpose-based research is applied-developmental. In the first phase of the study, the statistical population of the study was 1789 employees of the General Office of Deeds and Real Estate of Tehran Province in the area of ​​14 offices of Tehran in 1399, which was determined by simple random sampling using Cochran's formula 317 people as a sample. Data were collected through a questionnaire and data analysis using SPSS software and factor analysis test. In the second phase of the research, 15 people from academic experts in the field of human resource management were identified using purposive sampling and using AHP method, the importance of each of the criteria and indicators was determined.

Factor analysis of indicators also led to the summary of indicators in four general groups: fair evaluation of employee performance, fair employment, providing material and spiritual incentives for employees and continuous training of employees. Indicators of paying attention to equal (non-discriminatory) behavior in the recruitment process, observing gender equality in hiring employees, attracting quality employees, fair rewards and social benefits in order to guarantee participation benefits for employees, not being indifferent to staff training as well. The most important indicators were determined using AHP method.

Human resource management based on social responsibility changes the thinking and perception of an organization and allows this organization to apply a new level of its activities and actions. In this regard, human resources at all levels of the organization has a more prominent role than other factors and several factors play a role in its efficiency.

Today, mobile commerce is growing at a high rate. Considering the capabilities of mobile commerce, the study of ethical and social factors affecting users based on the acceptance of mobile commerce has been significantly considered by researchers and the business community. The purpose of this study is to analyze the ethical and social factors affecting digital marketing in the field of online service startups.

The present study was qualitative, exploratory and survey. The statistical population was experts in the field of e-commerce and aware of digital marketing issues, 10 of whom were selected as the sample until the theoretical saturation by snowball method. The data collection tool was an in-depth structured interview and finally the data were analyzed by coding method.

Based on the analysis of experts, 27 identification concepts, of which 8 were secondary codes and finally were located in 2 axial codes.

According to the results of ethical and social factors affecting the marketing of digital marketing model in the field of online service startups are: social habits, social impact and participation (social factors), usefulness, justice, security, acceptance, attention to customer perspective (Ethical factors).

The main purpose of this study was to present a model of ethical antecedents of customers' shopping behavior with emphasis on case study services (Ofogh Kourosh stores).

The present study is a development that was done with a qualitative approach. In this study, the grounded theory method was used. The statistical population included the marketing experts of Ofogh Kourosh stores as well as academic experts including researchers and university professors, who were selected using a snowball sampling method of 25 people. The data collection tool was a semi-structured in-depth interview. The sample size continued until full saturation after the interview and data analysis. Thematic coding method was used to analyze the information.

The validity of the findings was done by using the method of reconstructing reality and people outside the scope of research. According to the results obtained from the proposed framework, 8 main categories (ethical characteristics, demographic factors, psychological factors, situational and environmental factors, cultural factors, marketing mix factors, service quality, and product-related characteristics) were extracted.

According to the obtained results, it can be said that a set of factors play a role in sudden buying behavior and along with demographic, environmental and ... factors, we can emphasize the role of cultural, cultural and psychological ethical factors.
 
Keywords: Antecedents, Sudden purchasing behavior, Psychological

In today's society, we are witnessing the increasing attention of individuals and institutions to ethical marketing. Given the importance of the banking industry, the purpose of this study was to design an ethical marketing model in the banking industry.

The present study was qualitative and based on the data theory of the foundation and in particular the systematic design of Strauss and Corben was used in it. The statistical population included bank managers, policy makers and experts in the field of marketing and human resource management who were selected from 21 people by theoretical sampling method until the categories reached theoretical saturation. The research tool was an unstructured in-depth interview. Qualitative data were analyzed using open, centralized and selective coding.

In the open coding stage, 87 categories were obtained, which in the next step, these categories were classified into 30 general categories, and finally, in the selective coding stage, 29 sub-categories were expressed in the form of 8 main categories.

Based on the research results, 8 main categories were identified, including individual factors (managers 'attitudes toward ethical marketing, meritocracy, and attention to managers' abilities and skills); Organizational factors (organizational culture, laws and regulations, organizational structure and financial and physical resources); Underlying factors (management and macro-policy-making and employee ethics); Environmental factors (role of government, socio-cultural factors and economic factors); Micro-level strategies (paying attention to meritocracy in bank management, ethical training of bank managers and delegating authority to employees); Macro-level strategies (sharing the experiences of bank managers, organizational independence, and reviewing and refining laws and regulations); And there are individual consequences (customer satisfaction and increasing customer loyalty) and organizational consequences (improving efficiency and effectiveness, accountability and organizational reputation) in the ethical marketing process model of the banking industry.

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the components and indicators of the human capital reporting model in organizations with emphasis on ethical components.

This research is an applied research. The statistical population of this study is 340 theoretical and experimental experts in the field of human and financial resource management of government organizations with emphasis on the city of Tehran. Scientific and experimental documents were used and for data analysis, fuzzy Dimitrel multivariate analysis methods, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, heuristic factor analysis and structural equations, Cronbach's alpha test in Smart PLS software were used.

Human capital indicators identified six factors of talent, education, health and well-being, job position, employee performance and professional ethics. The results of factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis of human capital showed that the research model has a good fit and the factor structure considered for it is acceptable (GOF = 0.408).

The future competitive advantage of organizations depends on the effective and appropriate use of intangible offices such as human capital. The present study showed that various components are important in human capital reporting, but undoubtedly the most important of them is paying attention to talent, training and professional ethics in human resources. And other components such as employee performance, health and job status are of secondary importance.

Branding is an approach that helps customers choose a company's product from the products of competing companies. The purpose of this study was to identify the ethical factors of branding organic products.

The present study was qualitative and based on the data foundation approach. The statistical population was experienced professionals and experts in the field of marketing who were selected as a sample by purposive sampling method. The research tool was a semi-structured interview. Finally, the data were analyzed by coding methods using maxqda software.

86 open codes were identified out of 331 concepts. Finally, 86 initial codes were identified in the form of 18 categories.

Based on the research results, it was found that in order to present an ethical brand for organic products, items such as knowledge and insight of production and development, marketing methods, product characteristics, environmental social responsibility, in contexts such as customer needs, competitive advantage should be considered. To be placed. In this way, we must pay attention to the cultural and ethical factors of consumption and the level of risk in order to achieve results such as value, awareness, image and brand identity and customer loyalty.