فصلنامه سلامت و مراقبت
سال بیست و پنجم شماره 2 (تابستان 1402)

Health is a global issue and debate, and organizations are trying to improve the health of their employees. One of these solutions is to strengthen the method of obtaining reliable information related to health through social media. Considering that medical universities should be more diligent in improving the health of their employees, the present study was conducted with the aim of promotion health based on media literacy in the educational staff of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences in 2022.

This research is of mixed exploratory type with quantitative-qualitative method. In the qualitative part, the statistical population was the professors and managers of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, who were selected by a purposeful snowball sampling method, and in the quantitative part, there were 234 educational staff of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, who was selected by a simple random sampling method. The data collection tool in the qualitative part was a semi-structured interview, and in the quantitative part, a questionnaire was prepared using the results of the qualitative part. For qualitative data analysis, grounded theory method was used by Strauss and Corbin coding method, and descriptive and inferential statistics were used for quantitative data analysis.

In the qualitative stage, 8 main categories and 44 sub-categories were identified, which in the form of a paradigmatic model includes 6 dimensions; Causal conditions (individual characteristics and family background, environmental, social and economic conditions of society and critical evaluation of media content), background conditions (infrastructures for promoting media literacy), central phenomenon (promoting media literacy), strategies and measures (creation of learning environment and employee participation), intervening conditions (lack of acceptance of new media among employees) and finally consequences (improvement of public health). The results of the quantitative part also showed that the items that are considered to measure the main categories have sufficient validity and the relationships between the main meaningful categories and the model have good fit and predictive power.

Based on the findings of the research, it is concluded that the establishment of the health promotion model based on media literacy in Ardabil University of Medical Sciences can lead to the improvement of general health for the educational staff of the university, the results of which are the improvement of lifestyle and health behaviors, increase The capabilities of personal health are the creation and expansion of health services, the establishment of social justice and the empowerment of people, and the improvement of the quality and way of providing services.

The high rate of mental disorders among people with cancer indicates that this disease is a serious threat to people's mental health. Feelings like hopelessness, worthlessness and incompetence, which ultimately lead to shame and guilt feelings, are very common in people with cancer. In order to help reduce the shame and guilt feelings among cancer patients, the present study examines the effectiveness of treatment based on emotion regulation and compassion therapy on the self-conscious effect of these patients.

The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group, with two experimental groups and one control group and a 2-month follow-up phase. The statistical population of the present study was cancer patients of Omid Cancer Treatment Center in Isfahan city in the first six months of 2018. The sample was selected from people who had the most common type of cancer in this center, namely ovarian, breast, lung, and lymph node cancer, and all of them were in the first stage of the disease. The research sample consisted of 45 cancer patients who were selected by purposeful sampling and equally placed in experimental and control groups using simple random method (15 people in each group). After the start of the intervention, 1 person in the first experimental group, 1 person in the second experimental group, and 2 people in the control group refused to continue participate in the research. Accordingly, 41 patients remained in the study. The experimental groups received interventions during ten weeks, 90-minute session per week. This is despite the fact that the control group did not receive the interventions and were waiting to receive these treatments. The research tool was the Self-Conscious Affect Questionnaire (TOSCA) by Tangney et al. (1989). After collecting data, it was analyzed by version 23 of SPSS software using mixed variance analysis and Bonferroni post hoc test.

The average scores of positive self-conscious affect in the pre-test, post-test and follow-up stages in the emotional regulation psychotherapy group were 32.14, 39.28 and 38.14, respectively, and the average of these scores for negative self-conscious affect were 10, 7.28 and 7.71. The average scores of positive self-conscious affect in the pre-test, post-test and follow-up stages in the compassion therapy group were 33, 39.71 and 38.57, respectively, and the average scores for negative self-conscious affect were 8.92, 6.50 and 7.07 respectively. The results of data analysis showed that the treatment based on emotional regulation and compassion therapy are effective on self-conscious affect of patients with cancer (p<0.001) and there was no significant difference between these treatments.

The results show the positive effect of both methods, emotional regulation psychotherapy and compassion-therapy, on the self-conscious affect of cancer patients and there was no difference between the two methods in this effect. Therefore, by performing these psychological interventions, it is possible to reduce the feeling of shame and guilt in people with cancer and increase their positive emotions.

Attachment styles play an important role in personality development and ability of individuals to regulate emotions, coping with stressful situations and how to respond to threatening conditions. Previous studies have also shown an association between insecure attachment styles and disease and illness progression. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of attachment styles in the relationship between perceived stress and hypertension in patients with hypertension.

The present study was a descriptive correlational research method that was conducted in 2020. The samples included 350 patients with hypertension referred to Imam Reza, Valiasr and Razi hospitals in Birjand who were included in the study by simple random sampling. Data were collected using demographic information form, childhood attachment to each parent scale and perceived stress scale by interview method. Also, blood pressure was measured with a standard hand sphygmomanometer in the same way for all patients. In order to investigate the causal relationships between the variables, the structural equation modeling method was used with AMOS software.

The results showed that with the presence of insecure attachment mediator variable, there was a significant relationship between perceived stress and blood pressure (p<0.05). However, there was no significant relationship between perceived stress and blood pressure without the presence of the mediator.

Parents' insecure attachment styles act as mediator in the relationship between perceived stress and hypertension. Screening patients with high blood pressure in terms of attachment styles and planning to include this concept in related programs and interventions can help control blood pressure in stressful situations

The stressful and chronic process of caring for patients with dementia is a long process that imposes too much care burden. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of schema-based and caregiver-centered mindfulness methods on psychological distress and burden in caregivers of patients with dementia.

This semi-experimental research was conducted with a pre-test-post-test and follow-up design with a control group. The study population was the caregivers of patients with dementia who visited the neurology clinics of Kashani and Khurshid hospitals in Isfahan during the summer of 1401. Among these caregivers, 45 people were selected through convenient sampling while considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were randomly divided into two experimental groups and a control group (15 people in each group). The two experimental groups completed eight 90-minute sessions of schema-based and caregiver-based mindfulness therapy separately. The data collection tools were DASS psychological distress and Zarit burden questionnaires. The data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance by SPSS-23 software.

The results showed that the mean scores of the psychological distress and burden were significantly different in the two groups of schema-based and caregiver-centered mindfulness and the control group in both the post-test and follow-up phases (p<0.05). However, in the comparison of the two treatment methods, the results indicated that the mean scores of the study variables in the post-test and follow-up phase in the two intervention groups did not show any significant difference.

The results showed that due to the lack of significant difference between the two treatment methods, schema-based and caregiver-centered mindfulness methods can be used to reduce psychological distress and burden in caregivers of patients with dementia.

The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of schema therapy on primary maladaptive schemas and disease perception in people with generalized anxiety disorder in Tabriz city in 2022.

The current research was a semi-experimental type that was conducted using a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of this research included all patients suffering from generalized anxiety who referred to psychiatric clinics and after diagnosis by a psychiatrist, 30 of them were randomly selected from among the statistical population and divided into two experimental groups and Controls (15 people for each group) were replaced. Patients with generalized anxiety disorder completed questionnaires of primary maladaptive schemas and disease perception as pre-test and post-test, and treatment based on schema therapy was performed on the subjects during a period of 12 sessions (one session per week). The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics methods including mean and standard deviation and inferential statistics including multivariate covariance analysis in SPSS software.

Based on the findings, schema therapy has been effective in reducing primary maladaptive schemas and disease perception in patients with generalized anxiety disorder (p<0.01).

Based on the findings of this research, it can be concluded that schema therapy as an effective intervention can be used for patients with generalized anxiety disorder along with drug therapy.

 The high workload and shortage of the nurses have greatly affected the quality of nursing care. This study was conducted to compare the quality of nursing care from the patients’ and nurses’ perspective in selected educational hospitals of the Gorgan City.

 This study was a descriptive, analytic and cross-sectional study that was conducted in selected educational hospitals of the Gorgan City in 2022. The stratified random sampling was used to select 213 nurses and 213 patients in the mentioned hospitals. The data was collected by demographic-professional information sheet and QUALPAC nursing care quality questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and Spearman, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis correlation coefficient tests were used in SPSS-24 software for data analysis.

 The mean age of nurses was 33.66±7.88 and the mean age of patients was 49.72±14.1 years. The total quality score of nursing care was 2.97±0.41 and 2.51±0.71 from the nurses' and patients' perspective accordingly. There was a significant difference between the quality of nursing care from the patients’ and nurses’ perspective in general and by dimensions (p<0.001).

 The quality of nursing care from nurses’ and patients’ perspective shows the gap between these two points of view. Therefore, it may be beneficial to pay attention to the needs of patients and taking actions to increase the appropriate therapeutic relationship between nurse and patient

The presence of suicidal thoughts is a strong predictor of future successful suicide, which is related to psychological factors. Therefore, providing timely therapeutic/educational interventions may be effective in controlling psychological factors and thereby reducing suicide. The aim of this research was to investigate effectiveness of compassion-focused therapy training on levels of self-criticism and co-rumination in students with suicidal thoughts.

This semi-experimental study was conducted using a pretest-posttest with non-equivalent control group design. In this study, the research population consisted of all the students in Ardabil branch, Islamic Azad University during the educational year of 1401-1402. After screening, 40 of them were selected using convenience sampling and by simple randomization method they were divided into two equal experimental and control groups (20 experimental and 20 control). The implementation of the experimental group was carried out in 8 sessions, each session lasting 75 minutes as a compassion-focused therapy training. However, the control group received no training and remained on the waiting list. Data were collected using the levels of self-criticism scale and the co-rumination questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and inferential (multivariate analysis of covariance) statistics in SPSS-24.

Results indicated that compassion-focused therapy training significantly reduced the levels of self-criticism and co-rumination in students with suicidal thoughts (P<0.05).

Based on the results, it can be concluded that the compassion-focused therapy training can be used as an effective intervention in reducing the levels of self-criticism and co-rumination in students with suicidal thoughts.

Considering the importance of treating the global pandemic diseases and the important role of nurses and their psychological issues, this study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Modular Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (MCBT) on nurses' rumination and perceived stress in the COVID-19 wards.

Methods :

This is a semi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test and follow-up with a Control group design. The study population consisted of all the nurses of Shahid Beheshti and Shahid Yahyanejhad hospitals in Babol city in 2021. Thirty nurses were included through convenience sampling method and randomly divided into two equal intervention and control groups. The Modular Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy of the experimental group was conducted in 10 sessions of 90 minutes each time. The questionnaires for both groups were completed in three stages, before the intervention, 1 day after the intervention and 4 weeks after the intervention. The Rumination Scale designed by Nolen-Hoeksema & Morrow (1991), and the Cohen’s Perceived Stress Scale (1983) were used for data collection. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 22 using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and analysis of covariance at the 0.05 significance level.

The results showed that Modular Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy had a significant effect on rumination (F=33.491) and perceived stress (F=24.186) among nurses in the COVID-19 wards (p<0.01). Based on the results, the cognitive-behavioral therapy of a processing unit has been significantly effective in rumination (F=33.491) and perceptual stress (F=24.186) in nurses during the Covid-19 crisis (p<0.01).

According to the results of this study, Modular Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy had a positive effect on reducing rumination and perceived stress. Therefore, it is suggested that the health consultants and planners can extend the Modular Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy-based interventions on to increase the nurses’ awareness of perceived stress