نشریه شبهه پژوهی مطالعات قرآنی
سال پنجم شماره 1 (پیاپی 8، بهار و تابستان 1402)

Some opponents of Islam and Orientalists cite the verses of jihad, fighting the polytheists and dealing with them, believing that these verses leave no room for freedom, the choice of dissidents and non-Muslims in the Islamic system, and Something called freedom is meaningless. This article deals with the comparison of jihad and freedom from the perspective of the Holy Quran and examines the suspicion that jihad prevents freedom and the choice of thought, belief and socio-political behavior of citizens. It has been emphasized that according to the normative view of the Holy Quran and its ontological and anthropological foundations, the ruling of jihad has been to defend the oppressed, remove obstacles and lay the groundwork for the conscious choice of citizens and free people from the yoke of Taghut. Nevertheless, citizens can freely engage in socio-political behavior and achieve their political rights, without imposing and pressuring the ruling power, in accordance with the rules and norms of Sharia, and the spirit of the verses and the ruling of jihad is in line with this. Freedom has been for the people who have been under the yoke of tyrants and arrogants, so jihad and confrontation with the enemy did not mean imposing belief until freedom is lost, but for Muslims there was no choice but to defend and confront, jihad, in fact Defense against the invasion and attack of the enemy, to which the truth of the initial jihad goes back. This was done by the method of ijtihad interpretation.

One of the recurring doubts of virtual networks is about the lack of obligation to wear the hijab in the prophetic age and the consequence of not being allowed to wear the hijab or the so-called" compulsory hijab "in the current era. The insignificance of hijab, and the adequacy of the minimum hijab due to the delay in the revelation of the verses of hijab, and the revelation of the maximum hijab) jilbab (after the revelation of the minimum hijab) khimar (from the point of view of some according to most narrations, - which is the immunity of women from sick-hearted people – are other challenges and doubts about the hijab, which are subjects to the study of the verses of the hijab and how it is realized and spread in the age of revelation despite the survival of ignorant culture. According to the author, despite the many efforts that have been made so far to dispel doubts about the law of hijab and its surrounding issues, there are still unexplored angles and opportunities for new efforts, and in addition to what others have presented with jurisprudential tendencies, verse-based answers can be given. It is natural that the answer based on the verses of the Qur'an is very important due to the source of the verses for any religious research and its priority. And in the case of a number of doubts, the main origin of which is the false use of incorrect interpretations or wrong impressions of the verses of hijab, it has a key, privileged and often unique role. In this article, with methodical research on the verses of hijab and the contemporary conditions of the revelation of the Qur'an and focusing on the four axes of why the hijab is delayed, the wisdom of its two-stage revelation, intelligent bedding between the two stages of revelation, and maximum use of space in the Prophetic society suitable answers to the above doubts can be found; Answers that are perfectly in line with the evidence of the verses and in accordance with the method of the wise in analyzing the verses of the hijab, which in turn will be the basis for some secondary and governmental rulings.

In some verses of the Qur'an, the culture and beliefs of contemporary people are mentioned. This factor led some the theory of "the influence of the Qur'an on the culture of the time." One of these people is Baha'uddin Khorramshahi. He presented his theory in the article "Reflection of the culture of the time in the Qur'an". He believes: Although the Qur'an was revealed to God by the Prophet (PBUH) with all his words, but sometimes in order to accompany and appease the people of the age of revelation, God has expressed their beliefs knowingly and intentionally; Therefore, if in some cases, verses from the Qur'an were contrary to science and the real world, one should not think that a verse from the Qur'an has been invalidated. Khorramshahi has cited evidence from the Qur'an to prove his theory, including: the issue of the causes of revelation, the reflection of the culture of ignorance with the intention of transgression and correction, the use of the Qur'an in literary forms and methods and the words of the age of revelation, and the mention of jinn, magic and eyes. Wounds in the Quran. In the present study, each of these evidences and reasons was analyzed by descriptive-analytical method with a critical tendency, citing other verses of the Qur'an. The result of the research was that none of the evidences cited by Khorramshahi can prove the theory that there is a superstitious and unscientific content in the Qur'an and the Qur'an has accepted it.

The fight against the Holy Quran has been carried out in various ways since the beginning of the decline and is still ongoing. One of the methods of coping with the enemies that is very intensive today is the promotion of doubts against the scientific teachings of the Holy Quran to undermine Muslim beliefs. One of the contemporary analysts, a person named "Doctor Saha", published the book "Review of the Quran". The writer's attempt in part of the book denies knowing the scientific data of the Qur'an. Based on the verses of the Holy Qur'an and the Prophetic tradition, the author, in the section on scientific doubts against the Qur'an, has criticized the verses concerning the creation of the world in six days and considered it a scientific mistake. The study intends to criticize and thoroughly examine the claim. The present study is carried out through a descriptive-analytical method with a critical orientation based on library resources and aims to defend the theory of revelation and the truth of all the data of the Quran, including its scientific data. The result of the research is that the author relied on weak and defamatory narratives, and his arguments can not invalidate the Quranic data about the creation of the world in six days.

The issue of counterterrorism has always been one of the issues that humanity has faced, and in the meantime, some have actually confronted it, and some have pretended to oppose it. Some, with biased intentions, have used the behavior of the Prophet of Islam (pbuh) as an excuse to accuse him of assassination and to cast doubt on his spiritual position by creating suspicion. The present article is a descriptive-analytical method with a look at these events and a study and research on its causes and factors in response and clarification about the mentioned doubts. We learn from the Prophet's (pbuh) biography that he, as the ruler of Islam, ordered the killing of people whose existence caused a great deal of corruption and destruction, misled and misled the Islamic society, and sought to set fire to the fire and order the killing of these people. The intention was not to achieve political goals or to intimidate the people, which is a feature of terrorist operations

 The article "Muhammad, the Prophet of Islam" is one of the important and pivotal articles in Leiden's encyclopedia. In this article, due to a lack of familiarity with Islamic teachings and sometimes biased intention and bias, the Holy Prophet (PBUH) has been exposed to accusations and disproportionate proportions.  In this article, 3 doubts about the Prophet's (PBUH) attitude towards the People of the Book have been examined and criticized using analytical method and using rational and narrative reasons.The Orientalists believe that after the Jews of Medina did not accept the claim of the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh), the Prophet's positive view of Christians also changed!  However, according to the evidence, the reason for the change of the Prophet's attitude towards the People of the Book was their breaking of the covenant and their conspiracy against the Muslims; Orientalists have also stated that Muhammad (PBUH) in Madinah cleverly accepted some of their worships and customs in order to attract Jews!This claim, in addition to being unreasonable, considers the source of the rules of Islam to be the political intelligence of the Prophet, although its source is divine command.  Orientalists also claim that the Prophet dealt harshly with the three tribes of Bani Qinqa ', Bani Nadir and Bani Qurayzah!According to credible documents, the Jews of these tribes rebelled, broke the treaty, and with the help of the Quraysh polytheists conspired against the Muslims and killed the Prophet (PBUH).This was the main reason for their punishment.

Mercy and kindness is one of the attributes of the Almighty God, which negation of the pure Yazdan is like giving in to the imperfection, deficiency and non-existence in the realm of his existence. On the other hand, our belief based on the verses of revelation is that the essence of creation is based on God's compassion and kindness, and many verses of the Holy Qur'an remind us of many manifestations of His kindness. Among other things, honoring and respecting servants, favoring servants, covering faults, the method of preaching, giving good news and giving hope, warning, accepting repentance and delaying the punishment of servants prove this truth. This is despite the fact that many atheists, in their works and writings, especially in the virtual space, by inserting certain doubts, are against the truth of God's kindness and mercy, and by publishing their ideas on social networks, they try to present an image Fierce and terrible from God, they have believers. The present article, which is organized in a library method and a descriptive and analytical method; He tries to answer the doubts of atheists in cyberspace on this issue by explaining God's kindness and its manifestations in the Holy Quran.

What was investigated in this research is the salvation of the followers of other religions and schools in order to present a logical and reasonable discussion about the afterlife state of the aforementioned people, the main goal of this research is research centered on the verses of the Holy Quran. Every belief, be it divine or non-divine, can be read. However, what we discussed during the investigation is the degree of acceptance and flexibility of the Quranic teachings in achieving the hereafter happiness of the believers in other Abrahamic religions mentioned in the Quran, whose practitioners are based on To what extent will the teachings of Jews and Christians benefit from the happiness of the afterlife, and basically what factors and obstacles from the Quranic point of view can be considered to be responsible for the achievement of happiness in the afterlife for those who believe in other Abrahamic religions other than Islam? Based on this, we discussed these issues in different sections: terms such as pluralism, Foz and Falah, etc., definitions and concepts such as salvation from different points of view were examined. Also, while stating the branches of pluralism, different points of view about the diversity of religions were also discussed. It was pointed out. The factors and obstacles of salvation from the perspective of the Qur'an were discussed and analyzed, and further, the reasons for confirming the pluralism of salvation from the perspective of the Qur'an were pointed out and criticized.

There are several interpretations of freedom in religion and adherence to worship and preservation of religious values in society, mainly citing the sentence "No compulsion is there in religion". Although the doubts arising from this phrase have been answered in religious sources, the opponents are trying to deviate the people's opinions with the slogan "No to forced religion" and the retranslation of "La Ekrah fi al-Din" seems necessary to reduce incomplete and contradictory perceptions. Therefore, the purpose of this writing, which is done with the analytical descriptive method, is Response to Doubt; Not to Compulsory Religion with an Interpretive Translation on La Ekrah Fi Al-Din. The three aspects of the findings of this study are: 1) Misunderstandings, 2) Educational equating, and 3) educational consequences of new equating. According to interpretive translation. The equivalent of " La Ekrah Fi Al-Din " is: belief in the principles of religion, performing acts of worship, and preserving religious values without enthusiasm and willingness is worthless." Examining the verses and traditions shows that any kind of negligence and hypocrisy is reprehensible and abhorrent in performing acts of worship and preserving religious values. The common denominator of these three groups is lack of desire, and therefore, in religion, any action that is accompanied by desire has value.

From the Shiite point of view, the verse known as "Proclamation Verse" is considered one of the most important Quranic reasons for the issue of "Imamate". Due to the great importance of this issue in the Shia belief system, for a long time, the opponents and deniers of the Wilayat of Ahl al-Bayt have tried to distort the meaning of this verse on this important and key issue by raising many doubts. show off; Ibn Taymiyyah Harrani's works indicate that he is considered one of the most prolific figures in this field. In the book "Minhaj al-Sunnah", he has tried to suggest that the meaning of this verse is about "Khilafah" and "Imam" to doubt and deny Imam Ali . The current research, which is based on the original sources of Fariqin, and compiled in a descriptive-analytical method; It seeks to answer the question: "What is Ibn Taymiyyah's doubt in the direction of negating the "specificity" of the meaning of the expression "Ma'anzal" and the criticisms against it?" The findings of this research indicate that, firstly: Ibn Taymiyyah's claim of the semantic generality of this word contradicts his own performance and interpretation views; Second: multiple internal and external evidence; will prevent the correctness of this speech of Ibn Taymiyyah; For this reason, we say: The implication of the verse of Tabligh is on the imamate and guardianship of Hazrat Ali and the specialness of "Ma'anzaleh" is a definite matter and there is no damage to its semantic field.

At first glance, there is a conflict between the phrase "I wish I had died before this" in verse 23 of Surah Maryam, which indicates Maryam's wish to die, and her position as a chosen person. This conflict causes another problem, namely, the contradiction of guidance of the Quran with the narration of this saying by Hazrat Maryam. Because it is important to correct the problems of the mentioned verse and solve these doubts due to the fact that they are related to theological topics and beliefs and due to the fact that so far no independent research has been done about the doubt raised in verse 23 of Surah Maryam, the present research has investigated and analyzed the opinions of the commentators with a descriptive-analytical method and finally, it provides answers for the aforementioned doubts and forms. The result of this research is that: The statement "I wish I had died before this" does not have any contradictions with the position of Hazrat Maryam and it is not in conflict with patience, thanksgiving and satisfaction with divine judgment. Rather, this statement indicates his intense concern for the status of modesty and chastity. With the removal of the first doubt, the second doubt is also removed and it becomes clear that the wisdom of quoting this saying from Hazrat Maryam in addition to pointing to her lofty status by pointing to her triumphant emergence from a difficult and test, shows the mercy of God It is for his Sincere servants.

In order to achieve some of their goals through the act of speech, the wise consider themselves obliged to observe some principles. One of these principles is to avoid speaking contrary to reality. When they are the audience of a speaker, they expect him to follow this principle. Some orientalists have tried to instill the doubt that the Qur'an did not adhere to this principle by referring to this principle. They cite proofs from the Quranic verses for this claim. Of course, Muslims consider the Qur'an as the word of God, and they believe that the Qur'an has not said anything contrary to certain facts. The current research, which was organized by a library and critical study of the works of Quran by Muslim scholars and Orientalists, has come to the conclusion that most of the doubts of Orientalists in this regard are due to the fact that the criterion for the opposition of some verses of the Qur'an to reality is that those verses do not match with holy books of Jews and Christians, and of course, due to the distortion of those holy books, such doubts can be answered; Rather, the Qur'an has priority over other holy books due to its immunity from distortion. Also, some of the doubts of the Orientalists are caused by the lack of mastery of Arabic literature and Quranic sciences, and the words of the Qur'an in all the verses claimed by the Orientalists are completely reasonable and in accordance with the truth.