فهرست مطالب صابر شعری

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of changing the pattern of financial statements on the judgment and decision of investors using a quasi-experimental approach. The research hypotheses are based on the theory of cognitive burden and it is expected that changing the pattern of financial statement information by reducing cognitive effort can affect the judgment and decision of investors. To examine this issue, the pattern of financial statement information based on the joint study of the two International Accounting Standards Board and the American Financial Accounting Standards Board at the level of the three basic financial statements has changed and how participants answered research questions based on the new financial statements. It has been compared by the Tehran Stock Exchange and the auditing organization with the model proposed by these two boards. The test takers include people who have accounting and financial experience and have at least a bachelor's degree in accounting or various management orientations. Accordingly, 92 people were selected as the statistical sample of the research. Due to the non-normality of the research data, non-parametric Mann-Whitney test has used. The results of this test show that the cohesive pattern of financial statements has influenced the judgment and decision of investors by reducing cognitive effort

The phenomenon of anchoring is one of the topics in behavioral finance that was first proposed by Torsky and Kahnemann (1974). The purpose of this study is to investigate the severity of investors' reaction to management profit forecasts from the mental anchor phenomenon and also investigating the impact of quality financial information and the expected profits of companies is effective in weakening and reducing the error of judgment and the mental anchor of investors. For this purpose, by four regression models, four hypotheses for 116 companies of Tehran Stock Exchange in a period of nine years (2009 to 2018) with 1052 observations were examined. To analyze the data of research hypotheses, panel data method was used for the first model and for the second, third and fourth models, the combined data method was used. The results showed that investors in their financial decisions compared to the projected profit of the previous year and the profit of the previous year have a mental anchor phenomenon and rely on the profit of the previous year, but did not rely on the Predicted profit of the industry in their assessments and forecasts. They do not make a mental anchor. Also, in companies with high accuracy in the Predicted profits, the mental anchor of investors is adjusted, but the mental anchor of investors is not adjusted in companies that have quality accounting information.

In Recent corporate scandals, one of the recurring areas of concern is related party transactions. Concern about related party transactions has increased as a result of at least two high profile bankruptcies: Enron and Adelphia. The key reason of their collapse has been attributable at least in part to extensive purposefully use of undisclosed or “under-disclosed” transactions. In this research, the adequacy of disclosure of related party transactions is investigated by means of a checklist prepared according to Iranian accounting standard No.12.Research is performed over the years of 2006 to 2010 among Tehran stock exchange listed companies. According to accounting standard No.12, 14 disclosure requirements are set out and divided into two groups: 5 items are classified as general disclosure items and others are classified as other disclosure items. Then, mean disclosure is calculated and compared with the 50-percent level of disclosure included in Doing Business Reports.The results show that companies disclose 46 percent of general disclosure items and 58 percent to 62 percent of other disclosure items. Finally, the disclosure level of each disclosure requirement is determined. The results suggest deficiency in compliance with accounting standard No.12.

The present study empirically examines the explanatory power of portfolio returns by Fama and French three-factor model (including systematic risk of portfolio, size of portfolio and book-to-market value of portfolio) in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). This study is to answer the question that whether the three factors of Fama and French model are able to explain returns of portfolios in Tehran Stock Exchange with its special economic conditions or not. Furthermore, there is a comparison between the results of Fama and French model and CAPM. The importance of this empirical research is how it helps to do accurate and complete calculations for the best investment decision making.
The shares data have been obtained from Tehran Stock Exchange for the financial years 1378 to 1382 (from zo" of March 1999 till 20th of March 2003). At the beginning of each year, sample stocks are divided into six portfolios based on their size and book-to-market value and the empirical test has been done for these six portfolios.
The results of examining the empirical evidence show that there is no significant relationship between systematic risk (Beta) and return of portfolios. But the considerable relationship bears between the size and return of BIH portfolio (portfolio with Big size and High book-to market value). This result repeats itself between book-to-market value and return of BIH portfolio. We have tested all three Fama and French factors together and the model explains portfolio returns in both S/H (Small size and High book-to-market value) and BIM (Big size and Medium book-to-market value) portfolios. The empirical results, as a whole, confirm that Fama and French three-factor model has greater explanatory power of stock returns in comparison with CAPM in Tehran Stock Exchange.

There are significant differences in disclosure of information among firms. Identification of factors affecting management in formation disclosure is a useful research area and wide variety of    users such as: market pol icy makers, investors and academicians could take advantage of the results.
Earning forecast is important information that firms usually disclose. Corporate   governance improves   the   performance of companies and their quality of disclosure.
This empirical  research  investigated  the relationship  between properties  of  management  earning  forecast,  with  two  important corporate governance mechanism; outside directors and institutional investors.
Our sample is selected  from  listed companies in Tehran  Stock Exchange (TSE)  for  a  period  of  the  years  2003  to  2005.  The percentage of outside directors and firms aggregated common stock held by institutions are independent variables. Properties of management earnings forecasts are dependent variables. Forecast precision,  forecast  timeliness,  forecast  bias  and  the  number  of forecasts  that   is  revised  are  proxies  for  those  properties.  The control variables are: size of the firm, the firm's auditor. the  ratio of  market  to  book  value of  the  common  equity,  number of days between the  forecast date and  fiscal ending period date and good or bad news.
We established hypotheses based on the above variables and tested them by using single and Multiple Regression Analysis and Mann-Whitney U.
The result showed that; there is no significant relationship between two corporate governance mechanisms and proper ties of management earnings forecasts. The result as a whole doesn't discern any significant relationship between outside directors and in situational investors to precision, bias, timeliness of earning forecasts and revise on them.