مقالات رزومه دکتر سمیه شکرگزار

The faculty members of Universities experience significant level of job stress due to their multiple roles and responsibilities. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of organizational justice and work-family conflict in the job stress of academic staff members of Guilan University of Medical Sciences.

This is a cross-sectional and descriptive-correlational design study. The statistical population of this study comprised faculty members of Guilan University of Medical Sciences about 452. The participants were selected through convenience sampling, and 127 individuals were enrolled in the study. R. S. Eliot job stress (1994), Niehof & Moorman organizational justice (1993), and work-family conflict Carlson, Kacmar & Williams (2000) questionnaires were utilized for data collection. The data were analyzed via Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression analysis with IBM SPSS.  

 There was a significant negative correlation between job stress and organizational justice (r = -0.324, P = 0.001). Moreover, a significant positive correlation exists between job stress and work-family conflict (r=0.620, P=0.001). The results of multiple analyses implied that job stress is significantly explained by organizational justice (b= -0.066, P=0.039) and work-family conflict (b=0.310, P=0.001) (P<0.001).

Universities, as a systematic social structure, in line with their human resource management, can increase their staff performance by identifying factors which lead to improvement in understanding of organizational justice and reducing job stress, by this the organizational efficiency can be risen.

 An important group of patients admitted to psychiatric hospitals are patients who are referred by court letters which deprive the physician of authority to make a decision, leading to involuntary hospital admission. One of the medical principles is to pay attention to patients' rights. 

 This study aims to investigate the prevalence of involuntary hospital admission in patients referred by judicial authorities to a psychiatric hospital in Iran.

 This study was conducted on the medical records of 217 patients referred by judicial authorities to Shafa Psychiatric Hospital in Rasht, Iran in 2018. Their information such as demographic characteristics, referral reasons, criminal history, history of psychiatric disorders, history of hospitalization in a psychiatric hospital, diagnosis, and type of psychiatric disorder were extracted using a checklist. After collecting data, they were analyzed in IBM SPSS v.21 software

 Most of the patients were male (96.8%) and single (57.6%) living in urban areas (78.8%); 78.3% had a history of hospitalization, 82.5% had a history of mental illness; 94.9% had a diagnosed psychiatric disorder. The most commonly diagnosed psychiatric disorder was schizophrenia (37.5%). The most common reasons for referral were dispatch and hospitalization (44.9%) and the need for treatment (29.6%). There was a significant relationship between the history of psychiatric disorder and criminal history, but the factors of age, education, and employment status had no significant relationship with the history of psychiatric disorders.

 With just one court letter, we cannot label a person as a mentally-ill patient. The high percentage of the final diagnosis of psychiatric disorders indicates a good agreement between judicial authorities and the medical centers in referring individuals which highlights the need for more communication between them for referring patients.

The aging population is increasing rapidly; therefore, paying attention to the needs of older people is necessary. Sexual satisfaction, which is needed to feel happy, is often neglected in older women. 

 This study aims to evaluate the relationship between sexual satisfaction and mental health in older women.

In this analytical study with a cross-sectional design, 195 married women aged ≥60 years covered by urban and rural health centers of Guilan, Iran were recruited using a cluster sampling method. A demographic form, the 28-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) and a Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire were completed by participants and collected data were analyzed in SPSS v. 22 software using descriptive statistics (frequency, mean, standard deviation, median), and Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman correlation tests.

 There was a significant relationship between sexual satisfaction and mental health in older women (P<0.0001). 51.2%, 27.7% and 21.08% of participants had low, moderate and high sexual satisfaction, respectively. Sexual satisfaction was directly related to monthly income (P<0.0001) and women’s and their husbands’ education (P<0.0001 and 0.006) while it was inversely related to physical illness (P=0.030), medication use (P=0.009), age (P<0.0001), number of children (P=0.022), and duration of marriage (P<0.0001). The median score of mental health in participants was 38 (ranging 24-53) and the percentage of participants with mental problems (79.4%) was higher than those without mental problems (20.6%). 

 Mental health and sexual satisfaction in older women are directly related to each other; therefore, providing effective and appropriate sexual care programs is recommended for them.

Given the high prevalence of stroke, it seems necessary to investigate and identify the factors that increase morbidity and mortality following stroke. Among these factors are mental disorders after stroke which lead to increased morbidity and mortality, independently of other risk factors and the severity of the disease.

To investigate the frequency of depression and anxiety symptoms after stroke and its related factors.

The present study is a descriptive cross-sectional one performed on 155 patients referred to neurologic outpatient clinics, Rasht. All patients had been diagnosed with stroke for 6 months. The conventional sampling method was used. All patients were asked to complete the demographic questionnaire, Mini Mental State Examination, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and Functional Independence Measurement Scale. SPSS-22 software was used for data analysis.

Results showed that 50% of patients had anxiety and 46% had depression. The type of stroke had a significant relationship with depression and anxiety (P= 0.05). Also, there was a significant relationship between brain involvement and cognitive status with anxiety and depression symptoms (P= 0.05) and the most frequent site of brain involvement was left.

Considering the high prevalence of depression and anxiety following stroke, timely diagnosis and treatment of such disorders can enhance the recovery process of corresponding patients, their quality of life, and their family.

30 to 60% of patients admitted to non-psychiatric wards have at least one significant psychiatric illness. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency, causes, and quality of psychiatric counseling requested. This descriptive study was carried out on all patients admitted to educational hospitals in Rasht, Iran from 2012 to 2014, for which psychiatric consultation was requested and their counseling sheets were available. Data were extracted based on the checklist. Assessment of the quality of the consultation request and the response quality of the counseling were done. Data were analyzed by SPSS21. The frequency of psychiatric counseling application in this study was calculated to be 0/3%. A total of 905 counseling papers were reviewed. According to the data, 51/1% of patients were female and 48/9% were male, with the mean age of 45/7 years. For 54/7% of the patients, emergency counseling and for 45/3%, of them non-emergency counseling was requested. The most requesting counseling departments were surgery and internal medicine (14/6% and 12%, respectively). The lowest frequency of consultation requests was for anesthesiology department (0/1%). The most common reason for requesting psychiatric counseling was restlessness (26/75%) and then medication setting (14/45%). The most common diagnostic suspicion in response to counseling was delirium and the average duration for requesting counseling was 2.9 days after admission. Considering the relatively low frequency and quality of counseling in this study, more attention to the use of psychiatric counseling in medical patients and coherent training of assistants to improve the quality of counseling seem necessary.
Conflict of interest: non declared

Accordingto the extensive use of virtual networks among students, coping styles and personality factors can affect in how to use such tools. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between narcissism with Empathy and Coping styles in Facebook members and non-members. The research design is correlational type, the statistical population included all students of Guilan university of whom 300 students were selected by randomized multistage cluster sampling method and they responded Narcissism (Raskin& Terry, 1988), Empathy (Spreng et al, 2009) and Coping styles (Endler and Parker, 1990) scales. The findings of independent T showed no significant difference between the average of the two groups of girls and boys in scale of empathy (p=0.584) and emotion-focused coping styles (p=0.513). But there was a significant difference in the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (p=0.004) and problem-focused coping styles (p=0.002) between boys and girls (P<0/01). Correlation Analysis showed that the highest correlation among variables, include problem-oriented and empathy variables (r=0.31), followed by Narcissism and join Facebook (r=0.29), Narcissism and gender (r=0.17), Problem-focused coping and gender (r=0.17), and empathy and Narcissism (r= -0.14). Regression analysis also showed that with 5 Predictive (P<0/01) can predict 15% of changes. The results showed that there were no significant differences in measures of empathy and coping styles between the two groups. But a significant difference was observed in the Narcissistic Personality Inventory, so that people join Facebook reported to be more narcissistic than non-members. Conflict of interest: non declared

Drug abuse and dependence are the main concerns of societies. Their consequences are of various kinds including psychiatric symptoms. Differentiation of these symptoms from common psychiatric symptoms is difficult. Presence of psychiatric symptoms is considered one of contributing factors in continual drug abuse and dependence. Because of alteration in consumption of drug in recent years and associated psychiatric disorders, the present study aimed to investigate the alterations in type of consumed drug and associated psychiatric disorders.
Determination of drug use pattern in patients admitted to Rasht Psychiatric Hospital.
This descriptive comparative retrospective study was performed on all psychiatric patients(2012 patients), admitted to Shafa hospital during the first six months of the year 2008 and the first six months of 2014 using their psychiatric reports. To investigate the variables (demographic variables, type of consumed drug, method of consumption, psychiatric disorders,…) a demographic questionnaire and A checklist were used. The collected data were analyzed using statistical software SPSS version 17.
In total, 2012 patients were studied (792 patients in 2008 and 1220 patients in 2014) with the mean age in 2008 and 2014, 34.2 + 11.7 and 37+ 12.6 years, respectively. Most of participants were urban, unmarried, male, unemployed and low graduated. Percentage of drug addiction in samples of years 2008 and 2015 were 11.1% and 17.7%, respectively. The most consumed drug in these two time points were opium and methamphetamine. The method of consumption was smoking. Rate of drug abuse showed a significant increase in psychotic and mood disorders in 2014, compared to those of 2008 (p≤ 0.0001).
The present study showed that the consumption method has altered in recent years and increase in consumption of stimulant drugs has led to the increased prevalence of serious psychiatric disorders which in turn indicates poor prognosis.
Conflict of interest: non declared.

.Mental health nurses is effective on quality of services to patients,and burnout is a common complication in this area. this study was done to investigate and compare of mental health and burnout in Shafa and Heshmat ' s Rasht educational –remedial hospitals in Rasht
This descriptive-analytic study performed on 183 nurses of Shafa and Heshmat hospitals by simple randomly selected. Tool of study was a questionnaire including demographic information, Global Health Questionnair and Maslech Burned Out Inventory two groups were compared with MANOVA test. data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and spss software.
Multivariate analysis of Variables indicate that average variable of burnout (F =18.881) and mental health (F =9.940) to Shafa nurses had significant difference (0.001) and scores of emotional exhaustion,decrease of personal accomplishment and involvement components in Shafa nurses was lower than Heshmat nurses, but personal accomplishment in Heshmat nurses had more than Shafa. Multivariate analysis in the area of ​​mental health indicated that the average of variable in two groups was significant (F =9.940). Physical symptoms, anxiety and depression in Shafa nurses was lower than Heshmat nurses, But level of the social function of Heshmat nurses was higher than Shafa nurses.
Although burnout and mental health nurses of two centers was low, the issue required to more attention.

Heart disease is a kind of psychosomatic diseases. Psychological problems plays an essential role in severity, prognosis and outcome. It is important to identify the severity of depression in order to decrease heart attack and improve the quality of life. This study examined the prevalence of depression, in hospitalized patients with cardio-vascular diseases. Survey of prevalence and severity of depression, in hospitalized patients with cardiovascular diseases in the Rasht Cardiovascular Hospital in 1392. This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 108 cardiovascular hospitalized patients that were chosen by consecutive sampling. Cardiac Depression Scale (CDS) was used to asses depression in cardio-vascular patients. The collected data were analyzed using statistical tests by SPSS 16. The average age was (59.82 ±13.17). From 108 participants in this study, 72 (66.6%) were male and 36 (33.3%) female. 31.5% of participants had no depression and 8.3% suffering from moderate depression and the number of participants suffering from severe depression included 65 people (60.2%). The results showed no significant relationship between gender and severity of depression (p=0.302). Also, the Pearson correlation test did not show a significant relationship between age and severity of depression (p=0.729). According to high prevalence of depression, psychological evaluation and screening of cardiovascular patients is necessary.