hamed hoseini

Considering the characteristics of crisis scenes, such as time constraints, feeling of severe threat, surprise, uncertainty, lack of accurate information along with a lot of contradictory data, severe stress and chaos, it is necessary to examine the personality characteristics of managers to deal with the crisis. Our main question in this research is what are the personality traits needed by crisis managers? This research aims to investigate the personality characteristics of crisis managers. In terms of data collection, the current research is a descriptive research that has been conducted with a survey method. The statistical population of this study is the collection of crisis managers of security and police organizations working in Tehran province. A statistical sample of 150 crisis managers was selected.And researcher-made questionnaires and Milon's psychological tests, California personality test and Eysenck's preference test were used. The validity of the researcher-made questionnaire was confirmed through the carcass coefficient formula. And its reliability was confirmed through Cronbach's alpha. The results indicate that the level of creativity, resilience, planning and mental health of the crisis managers was high, as well as the level of risk-taking, influence and responsibility was average and it is necessary to further investigate the components of influence and responsibility in the crisis managers of Tehran province.

While public opinion is not satisfied with differentiating between premeditated murder and euthanasia, and in regard to its being rationally contradictory as well, one should employ the imamiah jurisprudential potentials and Islamic Penal Law in order to obtain a scientific and sharia- based conclusion in one’s jurisprudential and medical rights research. Despite the absence of its precedence in Islamic jurisprudence, euthanasia can be investigated in areas dealing with the necessity of rescuing the drowning persons or ordering and abhorring murders on the issue of qisas (Islamic retribution) and the results can be attributed to the case in question. In jurisprudential arguments, consent and order to murder are under scrutiny with subsequent controversial opinions. Euthanasia, having root in the individual’s consent, falls under none of the legal exceptions and is an example of intentional murder, unless it falls within the scope of Act 268 of Islamic Penal Law that refers to exceptions.

While public opinion is not satisfied with differentiating between premeditated murder and euthanasia, and in regard to its being rationally contradictory as well, one should employ the imamiah jurisprudential potentials and Islamic Penal Law in order to obtain a scientific and sharia- based conclusion in one’s jurisprudential and medical rights research. Despite the absence of its precedence in Islamic jurisprudence, euthanasia can be investigated in areas dealing with the necessity of rescuing the drowning persons or ordering and abhorring murders on the issue of qisas (Islamic retribution) and the results can be attributed to the case in question. In jurisprudential arguments, consent and order to murder are under scrutiny with subsequent controversial opinions. Euthanasia, having root in the individual’s consent, falls under none of the legal exceptions and is an example of intentional murder, unless it falls within the scope of Act 268 of Islamic Penal Law that refers to exceptions.

Any psychological action and propaganda of the media that targets the target group and forces the opponent to passivity or defeat without military conflict is called soft war. In soft warfare, all methods, new propaganda arts, and all facilities and capabilities are used. Soft warfare plays an important role in weakening the intellectual and cultural circles of societies with the aim of conquering the thoughts and ideas of nations. The enemies of the Islamic Republic are always trying to create a crisis in the country by changing the beliefs, attitudes and behavior of the people by influencing and spreading Western culture, and endangering the independence of the country and the achievements of the revolution. In this article, a descriptive method has been used and the method  to collect information and data in a library and documentary manner, especially using the opinions of researchers who are experts in the subject of soft war. The results showed that soft war seeks the transformation of identity and culture, so it preserves the physical existence of the audience, but soft war in terms of identity becomes one of the tools of the enemy, in which thoughts and ideas are attacked and changed and to bring human behavior and decisions under the control of the enemy.

As the challenge of Salafism has endangered the religious and self-identity ​​of the youth in Sanandaj, the role of the cultural centers and the agents of mosques, including Basij organizations at mosques and neighborhoods, has become quite significant in fighting this deviant attitude. The founder of this idea is Ibn Taymiyah whose idea was suppressed from the 13th to the 19th centuries, but arose again in less than a century ago and was introduced in the Islamic society. However it was opposed by the scholars of Islamic faith. Hence, the role of Basij of mosques and neighborhoods in controlling the spread of religious Salafism in Sanandaj is considered in this research. This descriptive-analytical research follows a survey method. This study, including a statistical sample of 155 people, investigates the role of Basij of mosques and neighborhoods in controlling the spread of religious Salafism in Sanandaj through a researcher-made questionnaire. It includes three independent variables of role playing of “the programs of the Basij of mosques and neighborhoods", "the role of executives of Basij and mosques", and "the role of Mamustas and clergymen". These variables were tested by t-test1. The results indicated that all three hypotheses are confirmed and their role in controlling the crisis of religious Salafism in Sanandaj are significant.