javad rahmani

Psychological treatments, which consider the role of an individual's internal resources in managing mental disorders, serve as effective interventions, particularly for women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder.

The present study aims to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy and cognitive behavioral hypnotherapy on pain, emotion regulation, and quality of life in women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder.

The research was a quasi-experimental study with a pre and post test and control group. The study population comprised all women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder in Sari. A total of 36 participants were selected through purposive sampling and randomly assigned to three groups namely experimental group 1, experimental group 2, and a control group. The experimental groups underwent eight therapy sessions. The assessment instruments included Garnefski’s Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire, Mohammadian's Pain Scale, and the Premenstrual Symptom Screening Tool. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) and the Bonferroni post-hoc test.

The results indicated no significant difference in pain, emotion regulation, and quality of life between acceptance and commitment therapy and cognitive behavioral hypnotherapy. However, both treatments were effective in improving quality of life, emotion regulation, and pain in women, highlighting the psychological nature of premenstrual dysphoric disorder.

Commitment and acceptance therapy and cognitive behavioral hypnotherapy are effective on pain, emotion regulation and quality of life among the patients with premenstrual dysphoric disorder. It is recommended that these therapies be utilized to enhance pain management, emotion regulation, and quality of life in women with this condition.

Determining the contribution of each of the effective processes to river flow plays an important role in how accurate these processes are estimated via hydrological modeling. Although water balance provides an overview of the volumetric changes of its components, the origin of the outflows and their temporal changes require utilization of approaches based on water tracking. In this study, we developed a three-dimensional physical and integrated hydrological model and coupled it to a water tracking model (ParFlow-CLM-EcoSLIM) to determine the contribution of rainfall, snowmelt, and groundwater to streamflow and evapotranspiration. Also, the distribution of the travel time of outfluxes has been simulated and studied. To demonstrate the applicability of the developed models, we chose the Godarchay basin, located in the southwest of Lake Urmia, as the study area. The results showed that snowmelt is the main source of river discharge and evapotranspiration in the region, such that the average contribution of snowmelt, rainfall and groundwater to the runoff production during a water year, is equal to 56%, 5% and 39%, respectively. Also, about 55% of the incoming snow during a water year is stored in the soil after the process of melting and infiltration, and is then removed from the system in the following years; while only 22% of new rain is stored in the system and 78% of it leaves the system in the same year.

Evapotranspiration is one of the key components of water balance in a basin. In recent decades, several methods and models have been developed for estimating evapotranspiration using remotely sensed data. In this context, utilizing the surface energy balance equation has led to the development of Surface Energy Balance (SEB) models, such as SEBAL and METRIC. Despite the extensive usage of these models, their application is still challenging due to the underlying algorithm complexity and the time consuming process of selecting cold and hot pixels by an experienced user. The goal of this study is to develop and introduce a new toolbox within the MATLAB environment for estimating actual evapotranspiration using the METRIC algorithm and Landsat 8 imagery. Unlike the previously developed models based on the METRIC algorithm, the selection of hot and cold pixels has been made automatic in this new toolbox. The toolbox was also used to estimate actual monthly evapotranspiration of the Urmia plain in 2016, and the results were compared with those obtained from the MODIS images to highlight the applicability of high spatial resolution imagery in water and agricultural management studies.

In urban management context, the concept of partici pation is one of the most important and challenging topics in urban planning. Unfortunately, in our coun try, most urban management practices have been im plemented from above and from outside, which now necessitates a move from bottom and interior to lo calize them. The main purpose of this study is to ex plain the urban management model based on Islamic participation in Zanjan. Adopting a logical reasoning approach from a realistic approach, this study uses a retrospective strategy. As regards research method, a combination of logical-analytical reasoning is used. According to Allameh Tabataba’i’s theory, which is based on a realistic approach, the government be longs to the people and the people have the right to participate in social decision-making and to vote equally and have the right to monitor the govern ment. Given the perspective of urban management and the role of citizens in urban management, as well as Allameh Tabatabai’s view of Islamic government, one can see that citizens not only can play a role in city management but also can participate in man agement and governance. It is mandatory. In their view, this can be said to be based on the guardianship principle. Given the theoretical approach of research, i.e. Anthony Giddenschr('39') theory of construction, the pre liminary model based on Islamic participation was offered in the four dimensions of the policy-making body, the decision-making body, the executive body, the control and oversight body. In addition, since data analysis is one of the most important steps in social research, especially in cases that data are collected from field research, the data from the questionnaires completed by the statistical population were summa rized and the results were used in conclusions and evaluating the hypotheses. In this regard, after evalu ating the model presented by citizens, experts and urban managers of Zanjan, the evaluation and moni toring body was added to the four previous bodies of urban management model. As to what is the optimal model and solution for participation in urban man agement (later selected urban management model) for Islamic-Iranian cities (case study of Zanjan), it was determined that according to Allameh Tabatabai’s guardianship principle and opinions submitted by citi zens, experts and urban managers, the structure of participation in Islamic urban management (Zanjan) will fall in five dimensions: policy-making body, deci sion-making body, executive body, control-monitoring body and evaluation and monitoring body.

In order to estimate the effective population size (Ne) in Iranian water buffalo blood and hair samples of 407 individual from Azari (N=260), Khuzestani (N=120) and Mazandrani (N=27) buffalo populations were gathered. After DNA extaraction, the samples were genotyped using Axiom® Buffalo Genotyping 90K Array. The Ne was estimated from 700 to 4 generations ago and also for the present generation by linkage disequiblirum data and based on heterozygote-excess method using NeEstimator (V2), respectively. Estimated Ne for Azari, Khuzestani and Mazandarani were calculated 1530, 1375 and 1141, respectively, for 700 generations ago. Ne for the present generation in Azeri, Khuzestani and Mazandarani were estimated 447, 226 and 35, respectively. The Ne for Azeri and Khuzestani were relatively high and these two populations were not endanger to extinction, but their Ne has been declined in the resent generations massively and it is necessary to care about the maintenance of Ne and relatively high diversity for these populations. However, the Mazandarani population is endangered because of low Ne and so it is necessary to carefully monitor their effective population size, improve the profitability of production and planning a suitable mating scheme to control inbreeding and genetically conserve this population.

The present study is an attempt to investigate the morpho-phonological clitics in the Tati dialect of Takestan in the light of optimality theory. Morpho-phonological processes are phonological changes occurring in a morphological context, i.e., those that happen between morphemes. They are phonologically governed. The research was analytical and the data were collected from Tati books and local media. This study probes into the application of the morpho-phonological processes in the clitics of the Takestani Tati dialect from an Optimality Theory point of view. The results illustrated that in Tati, both elision and insertion processes happen in morphological borders, highlighting conspiracy in this language. In other words, this study concluded that the global ranking constraints also apply to Tati and the constraints in the Tati dialect were in line with the universal ones. The present study can add to the linguistic scope and knowledge of scholars, further acquainting the researchers with the morpho-phonological processes of the Tati dialect and its adaptation to the universalities of this realm.

In order to detect signature of selection on buffalo genome, a set of 287 water buffalo samples from 260 Azari and 27 Mazandarani buffalo breeds were genotyped using the Axiom® Buffalo Genotyping 90K Array. The unbiased fixation index method (FST) was used to detect signatures of selection. In total, 14 regions with outlier FST values (0.1%) were identified. Annotation of these regions using the UMD3.1 Bos taurus Genome Assembly was performed to find putative candidate genes and QTLs within the selected and 105 genes and 28 QTLs with selection signatures were detected. A high proportion of identified genes (N=27) in regions under selection were involved in olfactory receptor, also some of the detected genes were associated with growth and body development, metabolicand apoptosis possesses, immune system development, and mammary gland development. Some of the identified QTLs in regions under selection were associated with growth traits such as body weight at birth, weaning and mature, subcutaneous fat, meat yield and carcass weight. The detected QTL for milk traits were only associated with milk contents and somatic cell count. However, it is recommended to carry out association studies to show the actual function of these genes.

The present study was an attempt to investigate the morphological Clitics and Final Consonant Ellison in Takestan Tati dialect in the light of optimality theory. Morphological processes of phonological changes occur in a morphological contexts, those changes happened among morphemes, and are phonologically governed. The research was analytical and the data were collected from Tati books and local media. This study probed into the application of the morphological processes in Takesteni Tati dialect Clitics and Final Consonant Ellison from optimality point of view. The results illustrated that in Tati both elision and insertion processes happened in morphological borders, highlighting conspiracy in this language. In other words, this study concluded that the global ranking restrictions also apply to Tati and the constraints in Tati dialect were in line with global ones. The present study could be added to the linguistic scope and knowledge of scholars, acquainting the researchers more with morphological processes of Tati dialect and its adaptation to the universalities of this realm.

The present study was an attempt to investigate the morphophological suffixes in Takestan Tati dialect in the light of optimality theory. Morphophological processes of phonological changes accuring in a morphological cotext, those changes happening among morphemes, and are phonologically governed. The research was analytical and the data were collected from Tati books and local media. This study probed into the application of the morphophological processes in Takesteni Tati dialect suffixes from optimality point of view. The results illustrated that in Tati both elision and insertion processes happen in morphological borders, highlighting conspiracy in this language. In other words, this study concluded that the global ranking constraints also apply to Tati and the constraints in Tati dialect were in line with global ones.

The present study was an attempt to investigate the Morphophonological Prefixes and processes in Takestan Tati Dialect on the basis of Optimality theory. Morphophonological processes are phonological changes occurring in a morphological context, those changes happening among morphemes, and are phonologically governed. The research was analytical and the data were collected from Tati books and local media. Data were then analysed on the basis of relevant phonological and lexical process. The results illustrated that in Tati both elision and insertion processes happen in morphological borders, highlighting conspiracy in this language. However, elision has a higher rank in the hierarchy and any violation of it renders the output optimally unacceptable. In the same vain, this study concluded that the universally- ranked constraints also apply to Tati and the constraints in Tati dialect were in line with the universal ones.It is hoped, the present study could add to the linguistic scope and knowledge of scholars, acquainting the researchers more with Morphophonological processes of Tati dialect and its adaptation to the universalities of this realm.

Urban systems in each country explain how the interaction of regional cities happen. In this study, we have analyzed the spatial distribution of city population on ten regions of national and regional physical plans, the years 1956 to 2011 are discussed and has been analyzed both the urban population system and the ten physical regions. Of the ten regions of national and regional physical plans, two regions of the southern Alborz (Including the provinces of Tehran, Markazi, Semnan, Zanjan, Qazvin, Qom and Alborz) and Khorasan (Including the provinces of South Khorassan, Razvi Korasan and North Kohorasan) ,respectively, had the highest and lowest rates of change between the ten regions. In the follow-up analysis , indicators such as the first twenty positions in the years 1956 to 2011, the analysis of the actual population and population number of twenty cities Primary of the region in relation to the theoretical Zipf in 2011 and also the analysis of primacy city and decentralization city in the South Khorasan and Alborz, was completed separately. Finally, a comparison between Khorasan region and southern Alborz together and with physical national and regional regions determined that southern Alborz region despite its position among the ten regions was not affected by a change but the intra-regional changes are massive and large altered. Conversely, Khorasan region that on the variations between Regions has been a fundamental change, in the intra-regional variations was found in relative comfort. The study also revealed that due to the changes between regional, it cannot be possible to make an intra-regional analysis and predictions are imposssible.

This study aims to examine the spatial distribution of population and activities in Zanjan province. For the analysis of the urban system of population and to evaluate the rate of urban primacy, three methods of determining primacy rate and the characteristics of the primate city, in conjunction with the indicators of decentralization and rank-size rule were applied. Then for functional analysis of urban systems indicators obtained from the theoretical literature were used by factor analysis method. Using cluster analysis the classification of urban system was obtained. Results of this study show that the Zanjan province has primacy but its intensity is reduced and the urban system is moving towards a more balanced distribution. For the functional analysis indicators such as demographic factors, educational factors - cultural, housing indicators, economic indicators were used. In the classification proposed in this study, Zanjan city is prposed as the premier city in Zanjan province, cities of Abhar, Gheydar and Mahneshan are in the second tier, cities of Khoramdareh, Soltanieh, Zarrin Abad, Gharmab, Chavarzagh, Sojas are in the third level, Zarrin Rood, Sayin Ghale, Halab, Dandy and Heedaj are in the fourth tier.

ue to the participation in the conception of urban management, is necessary .Urban management in Iran is not in the ýinteraction of organic with urban planning.Unfortunately, in our country, most ýof Proceedings of the urban managementþ,þý had down from above and out Which ýnow need to move from the bottom and inside, to get their own native. Now, ýgiven the potential and altho challenges facing public participation in Iran and ýthere are people like that in this Allama Tabatabai who have comprehensive and ýcomplete comment; Can be used to localize the concept of participation in Iran ýby existence Such people. For this purpose, in this article was being tried to ýexplain the concept of participation in urban management bu use the Allameh ýTabatabai's views. For this purpose, first, we analyze the role of partnerships in ýurban management And Then, using a theory by use of credit perceptions views ýof Allameh Tabatabai noted to explain the Allameh Tabatabai views about ýcitizens participation and their role in the government. Then we have described ýthe role of government in society's and reached the conclusion that the views ýTabatabai, In other words, if people are not continuous urban management, ýreligious and legal duty to have done. In fact, the right and duty of the people to ýthe city and its municipal administration enjoining good and forbidding wrong ýis like.ý

The concept of participation in urban management is one of the most important and challenging issues in the field of urban development. Numerous theories and different approaches have been proposed until now in the international level while every view expressed for a particular society and a specific condition. Urban management in Iran is not in an organic interaction with urban planning. However, these must be in a constant connection and direct influence. Unfortunately, most of proceedings concerning urban management and urban planning in Iran need to be nationalized. They are typically organized in an up to bottom attempt while it is expected to be vice – versa. Now, considering the potentials and challenges facing public participation in Iran and by referring to significant contribution of great scholars such as Allameh Tabatabai who have comprehensive and noteworthy views on this important issue, the concept of participation can be locally nationalized. For this purpose, in this paper we first try to investigate the concept of participation in urban management. Second, by citing to the Allameh Tabatabai theory about the “conventional perceptions” (edrakat-e etebari) (including recruitment, community and justice, social property; council; interactive realism; guardianship of the Islamic community), his views on citizens’ participation and their role in the government are explained. Then we describe the role of government in the Muslim society and finally conclude that based on Allameh Tabatabai’s views, citizens’ participation in city management is inevitable and managers of these cities cannot make any decision or enact legislation or organize to implement their plans and projects and monitor their own work without consulting the principal beneficiary interested competent groups who the most important are people and citizens.