mehdi ghanbari

Waste generated by steel industry cases environmental and economic problems. Therefore, it becomes very important to utilize steel industrial waste material in a proper manner. One promising use for this huge amount of industrial waste is soil improvement. In this work, Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) tests were conducted to study the influence of steel slag on the mechanical characteristics of cement-stabilized sand. The UCS tests were conducted on the compacted specimens which prepared in the laboratory at their Optimum Moisture Content (OMC) and modified proctor Maximum Dry Density (MDD). The results indicate that use of steel slag powder as a partial replacement of chemical stabilizer such as cement in soil stabilization has advantages from economic, environmental and technical points of view. The highest value of UCS was observed in the sample containing 7.2% cement and 0.8% steel slag powder. Beyond optimum steel slag powder dosage, the UCS value decreased. The addition of polypropylene fiber into the specimens treated with cement or steel slag powder improves significantly the mechanical behavior of specimens and significantly increases the UCS and strain corresponding to the maximum compressive strength. The specimen containing 0.2% of polypropylene fiber, 6.4% of cement and 1.6% steel slag exhibits the highest UCS value when the sum of the amounts of cement and steel slag was 8%. The failure pattern of specimen indicates a transition from ductile to brittle behavior with addition of cement and steel slag. However, the addition of polypropylene fiber changes the brittle response of treated specimens to a more ductile behavior.

Currently, in order to understand Europe's attitude towards the 2020 United States Presidential Elections, we should, as a matter of course, gain a complete and accurate knowledge of the transatlantic relations, principally the approaches of the Germany and France (in the absence of the United Kingdom) as the driving forces of the European Union for arranging the relationships. Unlike France, Germany lacks the historical experience of non-cooperation with the NATO and therefore, we can see the difference of outlook in German officials' opinions about the quality of the transatlantic relations and also their hesitation and desperation in the decisions they make regarding their relations with the US. Emmanuel Macron is now dealing with some domestic problems and therefore prefers to maintain the current state of cooperation with the NATO despite the commercial disagreements with the US and not create another conflict in his foreign policies; he would rather advance the two ideas of "the army and the European security council" and the continuity of "Russian-French Security Cooperation Council". Germany has also explicitly expressed the it will present the plan of "the framework of the European security council" in the second half of 2021 with the presence of the United Kingdom. In the years to come, Germany would worry more about the NATO's internal conflicts but would eventually be closer to France that before. It seems that Europe's security interactions with the US in a mid-term time span would be a combination of these two factors: first, the quality of German-French cooperation, and the European Union's new team's approach.

The aim of this study was to investigate the virtual training courses were teachers. Analytical research and surveys (questionnaires and interviews), respectively. The population of the survey consisted of all cultural administrators, educational assistants, teachers and other staff of the regions / areas 17 educational districts in the Chaharmahal Va Bakhtiari Province that the sampling class 407 of them were selected. The population of the interviews, including all the officials and experts training of human resources and IT departments of the provincial education. Purposive sampling method, all of them considered as samples and were interviewed them for general guidance (30). Experts confirmed the validity and reliability of about /96 calculation. Interviews reliability of the method of peer review, the effectiveness of three mainstreaming funded. In total, According to the findings, Test virtual electronic service of the poor situation in the areas examined did not have and efforts to achieve the appropriate tests to be carried out by different individuals and groups.

Humanization of international law simply means the enter of human rights into international arenas as a superior entity. also it contains to participate of human being in international decision making processes as a member of international stable society and protect him in sensitive situations for example humanitarian positions and so on.in the point of international view humanization defines as a developing and genesis long term process. The concept of humanization in international law is being developed and international entities help to this development. Some of these entities for example humanitarian intervention or good governance are being created in directly to humanization and other entities help to this process. We have many international law entities that have been entered into humanization procedure but we can summarize the most important of them into three totally branches: international organizations, international responsibility system and creation of hierarchical in international law. Method of this article is analytic and explanatory.

This study was conducted to examine the effect of self-management program on major advers cardiac complications of coronary angioplasty in patients referred to Tohid Hospital in Sanandaj, Iran, in 2018.

Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of death in people over 35 years of age in Iran. Coronary angioplasty is one of the most successful treatment techniques in people with coronary artery disease with some unwanted cardiac complications. Reducing these complications is one of the important goals of health care systems.

This was a quasi-experimental study that was conducted on 101 people with coronary artery disease undergoing angioplasty. The samples were selected by convenience sampling method based on inclusion criteria, and then randomly assigned to the experimental (n=51) and control (n=50) group. Data collection tools included a demographic information questionnaire and a checklist of coronary angioplasty complications. The intervention was implemented in sessions of 45 to 60 minutes duration three times per week in the presence of a family member and a copy was handed in. This intervention was continued for six months in the experimental group. During intervention period, the patient’s condition and the implementation of the self-management program were followed up by phone. The control group received only routine care and the experimental group received both routine care and self-management program. Cardiac complications were assessed in the first, third and sixth months following intervention. Data were analyzed in SPSS version 21 using Chi-square, t-test and generalized estimation equations.

The groups were homogenous in terms of age, gender, marital status, level of education, place of residence, employment status, body mass index, number of children, history of hyperlipidemia, history of diabetes, history of hypertension, history of alcohol consumption, history of heart attack, and type of artery involved. Generalized estimation equations showed that after intervention, the rate of complications of target vessel revascularization (P=0.04), second coronary angioplasty, (P=0.005) and coronary artery bypass graft surgery (P=0.003) were significantly different between the control and experimental groups. However, there were no statistically significant difference between groups in terms of recurrent angina complications (P=0.066), myocardial infarction (P=0.069) and death (P=0.019).

The implementation of self-management program can reduce complications after coronary artery angioplasty. It is recommended for nurses to apply self-management programs and follow-up after discharge  for this group of patients.

The aim of present study was to investigate the pattern of influential factors on outsourcing of sporting facilities in Tehran municipality. In order to, 385 experts and experts in the field of outsourcing, private sector investors and managers of Tehran municipal sports complex were selected by simple random method and based on Cochran formula. The research instruments were Freziani et al 42 questions (1394), a researcher – made questionnaire by Khedri et al (1394) and a 39- item questionnaire for Val and Peru, completed by participants. Regression finding indicate that there is a meaningful relationship between administrative corruption and outsourcing of sporting facilities (β=0/897), between political behaviors and outsourcing of sporting facilities in Tehran municipality (β=0/764) and between administrative corruption and political behaviors (β=0/736). According to non-standardized regression coefficients, 1/119 and 1/219 units of change in the outsourcing of sporting facilities in Tehran municipality can be made for a unit of change in administrative corruption and political behaviors respectively.

Knowledge of the physiological stress caused by different types of exercise training can be an important factor in proper designing of training programs. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of two types of strenuous training (HIIT and resistance) on hippocampus superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity, serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in male Wistar rats. Twenty male Wistar rats (age: 8 weeks and weight: 205.19±17.19g), after one week of familiarization with environment and training, were randomly divided into three groups: control (n=6), HIIT (n=7) and resistance (n=7). During 10 weeks (5 sessions per week), rats performed an incremental HIIT training on the animal treadmill. HIIT training protocol started with 30 m/min running on the treadmill for one min with 10 reps and two min active rest at the first week and reached to 75-80 m/min for 1 min with 7 rep and 3 min active rest at the last week. In addition, resistance training was performed on one-meter height ladder (divided by 26 stairs) with a load of 30℅ of their body weight (suspended from tail) in the first week, which gradually increased to 250℅ of their body weight in the last week. We evaluated the activity of SOD and GPX in the hippocampus, serum MDA and TAC levels by spectrophotometry and ELISA Kit. The results of this study revealed no significant alterations in SOD and GPX activity in HIIT and resistance groups (P>0.05). However, the serum levels of TAC and MDA increased significantly in HIIT (p=0.001) and resistance groups (p=0.002) compared to those in the control group. Based on our results, it seems that the effect of high-intensity interval and resistance training on hippocampus is not signifcant which could result from adaptation of hippocampus to this type of training in the long run. However, the significant increase of TAC and MDA in serum which represents high-level physiological stress induced by this type of training, should be considered in designing an exercise training program.

During the last few decades, there has been an increase in the development of mathematical models, as both research tools and management tools that can integrate our current knowledge of reproductive events and then would be helpful in predicting the reproductive efficiency of farm animals. This paper presents a conceptualized mathematical modeling of hormonal and metabolites interactions over non-estrous and negative energy balance phase in dairy cow. Anestrus occurs annually and after each calving. The anestrus period in high milk-producing cows due to the negative balance of energy produced by high milk production in the first few days after parturition is a constant challenge in the modern world of dairy cow worldwide. For this reason, many scientific efforts have been made to explore the biological aspects of this phase. Due to the complexity of the existing relationships between effective parameters, descriptive-analytical biological analyses have not succeeded in elucidating this biological system. In this research, it was attempted to look at the elaborating factors playing in this phase, at same time, it was tired to pinpoint and explore this phase from biological system perspective.
Material and In the present study, first diverse information on the various aspects of the factors affecting on the postpartum negative balance of energy and reproduction performance of dairy cows were initially collected. Then, this information was converted to their sound mathematical equations. Efforts have been made to simplify the long and unprocessed equations from well-known factors including liver glucose, blood glucose, pancreatic insulin and blood insulin, IGF-1 liver and blood, and hypothalamic GnRH affecting on this biological phase to be simplified using ordinary differential equations. In other part of this study, By using the data published in the scientific articles and expanding them by using Curve Expert software, the computer simulation process was performed by MATLAB software (Version 9.1) and the predictive models were developed for some system parameters. The results showed that the system of ordinary differential equations was able to predict good blood glucose (AARD = 0.388) and insulin (AARD% = 0.638), but they were not able to provide accurate predictions for pancreatic insulin and blood IGF-1.
The present model was a starting point to reach a comprehensive model which should be completed gradually. In this model, it was tried to use empirical data from reliable sources in simulation model, a matter that was more or less successful in this research.

because the creativity and satisfaction of teaching by students in classrooms is important is teaching methods that enhance these two variables must be considered.

This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of teaching methods Synectics and problem solving on creativity and satisfaction from teaching of sixth grade students in social studies lessons. Research

In this research used of quasi-experimental study with two different groups of teaching. This design applied about 3 lessons of social studies Sixth grade in 12 for each group. The population includes two elementary schools in District 2 Shahrekord in the first semester of academic year 1394-95. Target population included 8 school that with cluster sampling method selected one school and two classes were instructed with two teaching method of Synectic and problem solving. For collection of data used relevant to creativity from Torrance A questionnaire and for student satisfaction of teaching from made researcher questionnaire. The study data MANCOVA and ANCOVA analysis with using by SPSS software.

The data showed that teaching method of synectic with 95/0 ensure was more affective than the teaching method of problem solving in improving students' creativity .Also synectic teaching method with 95/0 ensure was more affective than the teaching method of problem solving in improving students' satisfaction of teaching.

teaching method of Synectic because has better structure for teaching of social studies more affective than teaching method of problem solving.

The aim of this study is to identify opportunities and constraints of teachers was a multi grade classroom. This applied research methodology was qualitative. The population consisted of teachers multi grade classroom  Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province Purposive sampling, 18 individuals have been selected for review. Data were collected through interviews. The validity of construct validity, internal and external funded. Reliability, the method of peer debriefing, Member checking and external auditor funded. The data analysis by thematic analysis method. According to the results, teachers student based, infrastructure for collaborative learning and problem-solving exploration and teaching method, increased teamwork, confidence, responsibility, power of expression, emotional stability and self-management among students opportunities and Shortage of time, the fading of some courses, lack of teachers, the great responsibility of teachers, lack of knowledge, distraction and difficult to organize students, inappropriate age and sex composition, parents' lack of cooperation, lack and poor quality of facilities and teaching space, lack of services multi grade knew the limits of classes and health facilities.

The aim of this study was content analysis  of the new compilation book of fifth grade social studies in terms of attention to language skills. The method used in this descriptive study is content analysis. The statistical population consisted fifth grade social studies textbook of elementary school This study applied a multi-stage sampling design and as well as using the split-half technique to ensure the adequacy of the sample size. Entire book was chosen, in the next stage10 first lessons were chosen and their sentences were analyzed. In order to gathering of data was used from the researcher making checklist. The list includes a number of components related to each of the language skills.  Validity of the instrument was confirmed by 7 experts and its reliability was estimated by harmonic and representation methods, Frequency and percentage were used for data analysis. The main results of this study indicate that: 1- in regard writing skill, to components of the development of the ability commutating a phonetic sign to writing, introduction with components subject sentence,  paragraph narrative, paragraphs of body and the describing paragraph were attended a lot. but to components of introduction deduction and writing of essay were attended a low.  2-  in regard of the components of reading skills, to introduction with conjunctions were attended a lot to introduction to respect to interactional and causal conjunctions were attended a low, 3-  in regard components of listening skills, the parameters of debate and comment on the contents of audio texts and the inferential according to the text of listening  were attended a lot and to   increase of focus on the tone of language to texts auditory were attended a low. 4- in regard speaking skills, to appropriate index of speaking to context and audience were attended high, but to  to the index components using different types of language and storytelling were attended a low.

In this paper, a multi-objective reconfiguration problem has been solved simultaneously by a modified ant colony optimization algorithm. Two objective functions, real power loss and energy not supplied index (ENS), were utilized. Multi-objective modified ant colony optimization algorithm has been generated by adding non-dominated sorting technique and changing the pheromone updating rule of original ACO. By proposed algorithm, a group of the best solutions can be obtained thatcalled pareto front. None of these solutions are completely better than others among this pareto front. Furtheremore, another objective function, i.e., voltage profile index has been separately considered to have better comparison between pareto front members. Simulations have been performed on two standard IEEE 16-bus and 33-bus test systems. The results show that the proposed heuristic modifiedalgorithm generates welldistributed Pareto optimal solutions for the multi-objective reconfiguration problem.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a gram-negative pathogens opportunism which causes severe infections in human beings. The most common infection include: endocarditis، meningitis، septicemia and chronic lung infections in cystic fibrosis pa-tients. This bacterium has many pathogenic factors including; exotoxin A، lipopoly-sacharide، phospholipase C، pili، elastase and alkaline protease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency of exotoxin A gene (ETA) as a strong virulence factor and sensitivity determination of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from second and third-degree burn patients. This study has performed in Besat University Hospital in Hamadan from January to December 2012. We used 170 isolated samples. The samples were isolated from blood and skin biopsy in second and third-degree burn patients. We had 79 strains positive culture of pseudomonas aeruginosa. Forward and reverse primers used for PCR were designed by DNASIS and Oligo software. Then genomic of known strains were extracted by DNA purification kit and indentified by PCR. The quality and quantity of the extracted DNA was determined using spectrophotometry. For determination of PCR sensitivity was used culture test as gold standard. DNA of pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) was used as a positive control. Finally data was analyzed using SPSS software. Out of 170 isolated samples، 79 strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from burn patients had positive culture. PCR of isolated positive culture demonstrated that 5 strains (6. 33%) were with out this virulence factor and 74 strains (93. 67%) had ETA gene. So the sensitivity of test based on sensitivity formula was 94. 04%. Our results showed that sensitivity of PCR mediated ETA gene in detection of pseudomonas aeruginosa strains is considerable and this factor can be used as a good factor identifying of pseudomonas aeruginosa. It seems more studies with larger sample size is necessary in this area.