mohammad javadipoor

The main purpose of the current research was to explain the dimensions of the implementation of the elementary school curriculum in multi-grade classes. The research design was of mixed exploratory type. In the qualitative part, the method of the theory arising from the data, constructivist design was used. The participants included experts who are experts in the field of curriculum of multi-grade classes. The sampling method was continued until data saturation. The data was collected using a semi-structured interview worksheet. The findings of the qualitative part showed the dimensions of the implementation of the elementary school curriculum in the multi-level teacher's classes (teacher training, teacher's ability and teacher's teaching method), content and materials. educational (operational and practical, interactivity, content based on technology, use of educational aid books and selection of situational content), purpose (including and sub-components) It includes setting goals and determining learning levels, evaluation methods (diversity in evaluation, self-evaluation and using new evaluation methods) Qualitative (, student) Individual, gender and language differences and grouping of students, learning environment (spatial equipment and classroom arrangement) and learning time (planning and prioritization). Experts in the field of multi-grade curriculum were studied. In the data analysis, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was used to explain the dimensions of the primary course curriculum in the resulting multi-grade classes became.

The purpose of designing and validating research was the optimal model of social studies curriculum of the first high school according to the constructivist approach. The method is descriptive and analytical. In order to identify the optimal model through studying and studying the theoretical foundations of social studies and also obtaining a picture of the current situation, it was tried to use a specialist view, as well as a review of resources and specialized studies, to illustrate the desirable situation of drawing In this stage, using targeted sampling using documents, as well as through an interview with 12 experts in social planning and curriculum planning, the identification of elements Social studies education provided the ideal model for the first level secondary education curriculum. The results of this study suggest that the nine elements of the curriculum are to be found in the three areas of constructive psychological foundations, in accordance with the lesson of social science education, the field of sociology of social science education and the philosophical field corresponding to the curriculum of constructive social science education Oriented approach and, finally, with elements and constructivist approach, the cycle of learning process results in four stages

Introductoin:

 The main axis of constructivism is that learners actively create knowledge and meaning based on their previous experiences. Constructivist learning environments aim to create rich experiences to motivate students to learn. The current research aims to study the use of teaching methods based on the constructivist approach in the second year of secondary school, in the schools of Bostanabad city, located in East Azarbaijan province.

This research was conducted with a mixed approach. the phenomenological method in the qualitative part and the descriptive, survey method in the quantitative part were used. Teachers and students are the samples in the qualitative and quantitative parts, respectively.

The components of constructivism obtained are mutual interaction, situational learning, facilitator teacher, active student, relative knowledge, and qualitative evaluation. The findings of the qualitative section show that despite the tendency to use constructivist teaching methods, teachers still adhere to traditional methods. The findings of the questionnaire using students' perspectives show that teachers implement many components of constructivism in the classroom. Therefore, all six constructivism components had an average higher than the theoretical average. The "active student" component had the highest mean. These results show that from the students' viewpoint, their classrooms are associated with constructivist teaching methods and have constructivist teachers. However, this view was stronger among boys than among girls.

Discussion and Conclusion:

 Considering the findings and the importance and benefits of the constructivist approach in teaching and students learning, it is suggested that in order to help equalize the level and ability of teachers to implement the constructivist approach, in-service courses should be held for teachers to familiarize them with this approach and be able to implement it.

The present study was conducted with a qualitative approach and with the aim of identifying the professional competencies of primary school teachers in bilingual areas. For this purpose, using the documentary method and taking into account the criteria of document quality, 70 published documents related to the professional competence of teachers and bilingualism, including 63 foreign documents and 7 internal documents, in the period 20-20000 2000 from among the written Persian sources. And English was purposefully chosen. Content analysis method was used to analyze the data. In order to confirm the accuracy of the data, regarding the validity of the study, the research method was used by the members of the research and trial (data, sources and methods). Data analysis resulted in identification (75 basic themes, 7 first level organizing themes and 14 second level organizing themes and 1 comprehensive theme). The results showed that teachers' professional competence is one of the most important factors affecting the quality of the education system and especially improving the level and depth of learning of bilingual students. Therefore, it is suggested that the educational system, by prioritizing the linguistic and cultural needs of bilingual students, provide the necessary ground for selecting and cultivating the basic competencies of teachers in these areas, and as a result, move intelligently to move towards efficiency and productivity. Organize and improve the quality of bilingual students' learning

The purpose of this study was to identify the Strategies of social participation in sport for all in Iran.considering the exploratory nature of the subject, the method of qualitative research and the strategy of the grounded theory was used to determine the Strategies of social participation in sport for all in Iran. First, through the initial studies, the introductory list of effective codes was identified. The statistical population of the study consisted of faculty members, managers and employees of the Sports Federation and the Sports Alliance of the Ministry of Sports, and the youth and sports Pioneers of the country. Sampling method it was purposefully and snowballed. After completing 27 deep and semi-structured interviews with knowledgeable scholars, theoretical saturation was obtained and the main categories were extracted after the completing the coding process. The open coding results indicated that 162 initial indications and 26 final indications could determine the Strategies of social participation in sport for all in Iran. Then, in the axial coding, the final badges were categorized in 12 concepts and 5 categoriesed. Finally, the identified categories derived from the selective coding, respectively, are Includes Development of Macro sections, comprehensive management of sport, development of awareness and social communication, structural development, attractive and motivational environment of sport. The sports managers can use the concepts and categories identified, in their future plans in order to benefit from social participation for the development of sport for all in the country.

In recent decades, social participation has been considered one of the development indicators in the framework of institutionalization of activities of individuals. The aim of this study was to identify the contexts of social participation in sport for all in Iran.
Participants & Considering the exploratory nature of the subject, the method of qualitative research and the strategy of the grounded theory were used to determine the fields of social participation in sport for all in Iran. First, through the initial studies, the introductory list of effective codes was identified. Purposive sampling method was used. After completing 27 deep and semi-structured interviews with knowledgeable scholars, theoretical saturation was obtained and the main categories were extracted after the completing the coding process. The open coding results indicated that 98 initial indications and 32 final indications could determine the contexts of social participation in sport for all in Iran. Then, in the axial coding, the final indications were categorized in 11 concepts and 5 categories. Then, in the central coding, the final indications were categorized in 11 concepts and 5 categories .Finally, the identified categories derived from the selective coding included human factors, structural factors, management factors, environmental complexity, and economic factors. The categories of social participation in sport for all in Iran are 5, including human factors, structural factors, management factors, environmental complexity, and economic factors, respectively.

The aim of this study was to compare and analysis the development level of Iran's provinces in different dimensions of competitive sport. This study is descriptive and analytic which by using 48 indicators has reviewed the development level of competitive sport of Iran’s provinces in seven dimensions: human resources, financial resources, infrastructures and facilities, sporting successes, competitiveness, hosting sport events and education in 2011. Factor analysis was used to calculate mixed indicators and cluster analysis was used to determine the level of sport development of provinces. The Study of development level of the provinces in the dimensions of championship sport showed that most provinces in human resources and infrastructure and facilities were relatively developed, in competitiveness were relatively developed and less developed, in financial resources, hosting sports events and education were less developed and in sporting achievement wereundeveloped. The study of the development level of Iran provinces showed all dimensions of competitive sport development follows the center-periphery development pattern. These inequities are the resultant and reflect of the socio-political factors, spatial planning system failures and incorrect policies, ignoring the integrated management of the country, lack of attention to potentials of the provinces and lack of coordination between the organizations in charge of different aspects of development.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the staff empowerment and the organizational health in Youth and Sport General Administration in the province of Hamedan.

The method implemented in this research work was descriptive-correlation. The statistical population of this work was the Youth and Sport General Administration staffs in the province of Hamedan (N = 161), and 118 persons were selected according to the Morgan simple random sampling method. The research instruments included the Hoy and Feldman’s (1996) organizational health and the Spreitzer’s (1995) empowerment questionnaires. Validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by the experts, and their reliability was approved based on the Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the staff empowerment questionnaire (α = 0.84) and the organizational health questionnaire (α = 0.92). Descriptive statistics were used to describe the status of the subjects and inferential statistics. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to evaluate the normal distribution of the data, and to examine the research variables, the Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis test was used.

The results obtained showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the empowerment and all the components of organizational health (the institutional level (r = 0.475, p = 0.001), management level (r = 0.278, p = 0.002), and technical level (r = 0.218, p = 0.019).

Managerial level, as a variable component of the organizational health, can be predicted by the staff empowerment, and the need for managers in this important matter requires a serious planning.

Following development, is essential the need for a comprehensive long-term planning. This paper aims to design and establish the strategic plan of the Physical Education and Sports Sciences Research Institute with combined (qualitative – quantitative) methodology. Based on purpose, it is of the applied research type. In order to perform data collection, we investigated the overhead documents, studied the history literature and the comments of practical and executive elites and used the questionnaire of the effective internal/external environmental factors on the performance of the physical education research institute (α=0.93). The sample consists of the previous and current presidents and vice-presidents of the research institute, members of the research committee and the respected faculty and staff of the research institute (n=50). The sample was considered as full-number equal to the statistical society. This paper first considers the status quo of the research center in terms of desirable performance and status (administrational and performance evaluative indices of the sciences, research and technology ministry). Then by comparing both and rationalizing the status quo, an initial inventory of strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats was prepared. After being finalized, the so-called initial inventory was sent and collected as a questionnaire in brain storm sessions (with the presence of the elites) for challenging the statistical sample. The research data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, binominal test and Friedman test. To compare information was used of comparative studies such as Canada, Australia, New Zealand, china, japan and Beijing, and to develop strategies was used of internal and external factors evaluation matrix, SWOT matrix and statistical tests such as descriptive statistics, binomial test and Friedman test. Results showed that in terms of strategic position, the research institute is located on the wo position. For this reason, the most important strategies of the research center may include the following: establishment of the regime of measuring the need and possibility of the research requirements of the society in the fields of physical education and sports sciences, establishment of the commercialization regime of the research and innovative achievements of the research institute, planning in order to guide financial resources as the main mission of the research institute.
According to the research results and findings, it may be declared that by relying on conservative strategies, the physical education and sports sciences research institute would achieve its high-level goals.

This paper attempted to examine the effect of instructor's information literacy profile on the quality of teaching in the higher education system.The research was a descriptive, casual comparative study in terms of data collection. Moreover, it could be considered a developmental research in terms of objective. The population consisted of all students in Master’s and doctoral programs at Kish, Alborz, and Tabriz Campuses affiliated to University of Tehran. Of the total target population, 120 students were selected through convenient sampling based on gender and university. For data collection, a list of final-semester evaluation and information literacy profile from Eisenberg and Berkowitz (1992) were employed. Pandpazir and Cheshmeh Sohrabi (2010) calculated the reliability of the questionnaire using Cronbach’s alpha at 0.93. They also reported and verified the validity of the questionnaire. The data analysis involved variance and correlation tests. The findings suggested that all subscales of information literacy profile were in a positive correlation with the quality of teaching and all variables turned out to be significant at an alpha of 0.001. According to the results, it was found that in all academic disciplines, instructors with a high information literacy were viewed proficient by students. In fact, they tended to perform better in teaching and conveying the educational materials to students.

This study is aimed to investigate the relationship between organizational health and occupational commitment of education staff in different areas of Kohgilouye-va-Booyer-Ahmad province. The research method was descriptive and of correlation type. The statistical population consisted of 220 employers 140 members were selected through from whom stratified random sampling method. Moreover, Hoy-and-Feldman’s organizational health questionnaire (OHI) and the reseacher-made-occupational-commitment questionnaire were distributed among them. Face and content validity of the instruments were confirmed and their reliability was colluded in pilot study through Cronbach’s Alpha Coefficient as 0.87 and 0.71 for the organizational health questionnaire and occupational commitment questionnaire respectively. Results of the present study were analyzed using descriptive statistics (calculating frequency, percentage, table editor, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation coefficient, multivariate regression and analysis of variance) through SPSS (19). Findings show that there is a significant relationship between organizational health and occupational commitment at confidence region of and .