r. karimi

The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effect of trellised and non-trellised training systems on winter cold tolerance of two cultivars of Bidaneh Sefid and Bidaneh Ghermez factorially based on a randomized complete block design. During cold acclimation stage, the lowest content of leaf nutrients and the highest rate of leaf fall, leaf periderm formation and bud lignin belonged to Bidaneh Ghermez cultivar under trellised system. Moreover, the highest winter cold tolerance estimated by ion leakage and oxidative browning, total phenol, proline and soluble carbohydrates in both January and March were related to the Bidaneh Ghermez cultivar under the trellised system. Howevere, the lowest winter cold tolerance, total phenol, proline and soluble carbohydrates was related to Bidaneh Sefid cultivar under the non-trellised system. Forthermore, the highest bud water content, starch, hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde in both stages of January and March were related to Bidaneh Sefid cultivar under the non-trellised system. In both stages of sampling, the contents of abscisic acid, sucrose, glucose, fructose and raffinose in the bud of both cultivars were higher with the trellised system than with the non-trellised training system. The results of this research can be used to encourage vine growers to change the method of growing grapes from traditional to trellised system.

Poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is an inexpensive polymer widely used in different applications such as the fabrication of optical tools, sensors, and microfluidic medical devices. In the present study, the effect of emitted radiations from a Cobalt-60 gamma source with emission doses between 10-30 kGy on the optical properties of this polymer is investigated. The effect of gamma radiation on optical transmission and absorption, bandgap energy, Urbach energy, dispersive energies, and refractive index of this polymer is investigated, and the obtained results are presented. The results indicate that the absorption coefficient, the refractive index, and the optical conductivity of the PMMA polymer increase within this range of gamma radiation doses. The wavelength-dependent magnitudes of these quantities are measured and represented as graphs. Within this irradiation dose range, the bandgap energy of the polymer gradually decreases, which is in agreement with the optical conductivity increase of the samples. The results indicate the reduction of the bandgap energy of polymer from 4.461 eV to 3.482 eV by 30 kGy gamma irradiation dose. Increment of the refractive index and the absorption coefficient and the enhancement of the optical conductivity with the represented data in this work can be used to fabricate new tools with improved capabilities.

Macro policies in the field of health tourism should be designed and implemented taking into account the facilities and environmental resources in order to provide a good opportunity to provide quality medical services to foreign patients referring to the country and create their satisfaction. The purpose of the present study was to identify and prioritize the factors affecting the management of health tourism development in Fars province.

The present qualitative-exploratory study was conducted in 2019. 20 experts active in the field of health tourism were selected by purposive sampling method with maximum diversity. After obtaining informed consent from the participants, the research data were collected by semi-structured in-depth interview method and then recorded in Maxqda-10 software and analyzed using directional and summary composite content analysis. In this method, the units of analysis in each step were the paragraphs recorded by the researcher in the process of interviewing the participants. During the content analysis process, different codes were first reviewed, then grouped into subcategories, and finally 70 subcategories and 23 main categories. The five themes of structural, behavioral, environmental, conservation and development were integrated. The collected data were analyzed using paired comparison matrix test with hierarchical analysis process.

The results of the present study revealed that the factors affecting the management of health tourism development in Fars province consist of 5 main categories including: structural factors, development and optimization, environmental, behavioral, and protective. The relative weights identified for each of these factors were 0.512, 0.276, 0.128, 0.053 and 0.032, respectively.

Structural, developmental and optimization, environmental, behavioral, and conservation factors had relative weight and significant incompatibility rates for health tourism development management. Therefore, the results of the present study inform high-level decision makers where and how to focus their efforts and resources to have the maximum impact on the management of health tourism development at the local and national levels.

Today, combined learning along with traditional education has special role in medical universities. But its impact on factors such as creativity and spiritual intelligence needs further investigation. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the mediating role of spiritual intelligence on the quality of combined learning and creativity from students views in Zanjan University of Medical Sciences in the academic year of 2018-2019.

This is a descriptive-correlational study. The statistical population consist of all professional doctoral students of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences (N=960) who had benefited from combined education in the academic year of 1997-98. The sample size was estimated to be 275 people using Morgan table and students were entered into the study by simple random method. Data collection tools included questionnaires on the quality of the course Guinness combined learning, Abedichr('39')s creativity and Kingchr('39')s spiritual intelligence (SISRI). Pearson correlation and multiple regression tests were used to analyze the data through SPSS and Baron and Kenny four-step method was used to determine the mediating role.

The results showed that there was a significant relationship between studentschr('39') perceptions of the quality of the combined learning course with creativity (r=0.34) and spiritual intelligence (r=0.39) (P= 0.001). There was also a significant relationship between spiritual intelligence and creativity (r=0.38) (P<0.001). Examining the mediating role of spiritual intelligence and its components also showed that this variable has a partial and moderating mediating role in relation to studentschr('39') views on the quality of the combined learning course and creativity.

According to the results, it can be said that there is a positive and direct relationship between studentschr('39') views of the quality of the combined learning course and their creativity, also spiritual intelligence was  able  to affect relation between the two variables partially.

Investigation of repaired crack in pressure vessels plays a critical role in the maintenance of cylindrical vessels which are under static loads. Pressurized vessels are critical elements in many industries that may be subjected to degradation and cracking due to working conditions. There are several methods to repair such reservoirs, including welding of damaged points, but this is not possible in some conditions, such as the presence of inflammable materials inside the reservoir. One of the most reliable ways to repair these types of vessels is using composite materials. In this research, crack created in the reservoir is repaired using carbon / epoxy composites. Results of this study confirm the association between the strength of vessels walls and thickness of composite materials. In this paper, the effect of different parameters such as thickness and radius of the reservoir, and composite thickness are investigated. The results show that increasing the thickness of the composite is effective, so by doubling the thickness of composite, stress intensity factor decreases by 13%. Moreover, the use of composites in thin wall tanks is much more effective than the case of a thick reservoir wall.

The ability of recording the high resolution spectral signature of earth surface would be the most important feature of hyperspectral sensors. On the other hand, classification of hyperspectral imagery is known as one of the methods to extracting information from these remote sensing data sources. Despite the high potential of hyperspectral images in the information content point of view, there are a numerous challenges in reliable extraction of information from these images. The issues such as 1- spectral similarity of different phenomena, 2- sensor noises and atmospheric effects, 3- the effects of high dimensionality in the pattern recognition algorithms, 4- the necessity of large number of training data to perform a reliable classification, and 5- spectral variability of similar phenomena could be considered as some of the challenges in hyperspectral data processing. Decreasing of the high dimensionality effects via the dimension reduction algorithms (e.g. band selection and feature extraction algorithms), as well as increasing the separability of the overlapped classes through the linear/non-linear mappings into the feature spaces with the higher dimensional are two opposite and conventional approaches of hyperspectral data processing. These approaches would be used based on the factors such as 1- complexities of classes in the imaging area, 2- spectral range of imaging sensor, and 3- the restrictions of processing algorithms. In this paper the fusion of these two approaches is used to perform an accurate hyperspectral image classification. To do so, a novel feature extraction method is proposed to be used in the hyperspectral image classification. The core of this method is the fusion of the linear, non-linear and sparse representation based features which is used to produce the effective features in the weighted K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) classification method. In this procedure, a set of supervised and nonlinear features are extracted as the first step through the Nonlinear Principal Component Analysis (NLPCA). The supervised usage of NLPCA in order to extract features is known as one of the novelties of this paper. In this step, the spectral bands are usually mapped to a high dimensional feature space through the self-estimator artificial neural networks (ANNs) which are trained separately by ground truth data. In the second step, the previously extracted features are linearly transformed by the Linear Discriminate Analysis (LDA) method in order to reduce the dimension of the hypercube generated via supervised NLPCA to a separable feature space. In the last step, a set of features which is proportional to the number of classes is generated based on the sparse representation theory. The sparse representation features were hired to handle the effects of the inter-class variability. The precisions of the classified features in the two different hyperspectral images were on average shown 6 percent improvements in comparison with the spectral bands and the other combinations of extracted features. Furthermore, reach to the approximately 99% overall accuracies in the classes with the few training data could be considered as other achievements of the proposed method.

In order to evaluate the effect of switching the furrow to drip irrigation methods on stem length, water used efficiency (WUE) and depth of root zone of Sultana grapevines, an experiment was conducted based on a randomized complete block design with four replicates in 2015-2016 growing season in Malayer, Iran. Treatments were: furrow irrigation (I1), combination of drip and furrow irrigation system (drip-furrow) (I2), bubbler irrigation (I3), drip 1: three dripper/plant (I4), surface-subsurface drip irrigation (I5), drip 2: five dripper/plant (I6) and drip 3: -eight dripper/plant (I7). The results showed that the drip irrigation caused significant decrease in the shoot length, leaf area and water consumption compared to the furrow irrigation. In the same order, the average of the mentioned parameters for furrow irrigation were 133 cm, 11.1 m2/vine and 5337m3/ha respectively, and for the drip irrigation, 121 cm, 6.5 m2/vine and 3625 m3/ha. These results indicated that there was positive correlations (R2) between the mentioned parameters. The treatments I6 and I7 had a yield of 31 and 29 ton/ha respectively, exceeding the furrow irrigation with yield 24 ton/ha. However, the other drip irrigation treatments showed less yield than furrow irrigation. The maximum WUE was evidenced by I6 treatment (10.3 kg/m3) and the minimum by furrow irrigation (4.9 kg/m3). The results showed that I6 with five dripper/plant, was the most efficient treatment, so it was considered an appropriate irrigation method to change from furrow to drip irrigation. At the end of the experiment, samples were taken from the vine roots revealing that the drip irrigation systems caused shallow roots.

the aim of this research is design and test modeling Evaluation knowledge – creation BA environment in Iranian Islamic research Centers Based on Triple-Helix and I-System Theories and investigate the effect of knowledge creation BA environment, Personality Traits on research performance. The present study is an applied research. The method of data collection is survey. This research is typically based on structural equation modeling. The main instrument for data collection was a questionnaire with 30 questions for knowledge creation BA environment, 7 questions for Capabilities of researchers and faculty members, 5 questions for Personality Traits. Evaluation research performances Based on of researcher’s research activities were weighted. The study population consisted of all researchers and faculty members’ Iranian Islamic research Centers. Using simple random sampling, 330 as the sample chosen and research questionnaire was distributed among them. Data were analyzed using LISREL and SPSS software’s. Finding: The results of the knowledge creation BA environment model showed that Nine dimensions Infrastructure Intelligence, Actors Intelligence, Information Intelligence, Infrastructure Involvement, Actors Involvement, Information Involvement, Infrastructure Imagination, actors Imagination, Information Imagination are Major factors influencing on establishment of the knowledge creation BA environment in Iranian Islamic research Centers. Also the results of all factors Personality Traits , Capabilities of researchers and faculty members and research performance influencing on establishment of the creation BA environment in Iranian Islamic research. Finally, the results of the structural model showed that creation BA environment , Capabilities of researchers and faculty members, Personality Traits have a significantly positive effect on research performance in Iranian Islamic research Centers. Originality / value: This was a study in Islamic research centers. The results of this study, the gap between the current situation and creation BA environment favorable situation Regard to the Triple Helix model and I- systems to measure and analyze

Muscular involvement presenting as myalgia, myopathy and rhabdomyolysis are the most important side effects of statins. Frequently statins and other antiangina and antihypertensive agent are used as combination in order to preventing and management of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular and cerobrovascular disorders. Here we present a case of rhabdomyolysis after lovastatin and diltiazem consumption. CASE: An 80 year old man with decreased level of consciousness presented to emergency ward of Shahid Yahyanejad hospital of Babol, Iran. Past medical history revealed diltiazem and lovastatin consumption (40mg/daily) from three days before. Diagnosis of rhabdomyolysis was documented according to history, physical exam and laboratory test regarding hyperkalemia and bradyarrhythmia leading to cardiovascular collapse. During successful resuscitation arrhythmia and hemodynamic failure and hyperkalemia was corrected and patient was discharged from hospital without any morbidity after convalescence.

The results of this study showed that combination of statins and diltiazem can potentially lead to serious side effects that can be prevented by accenting on pharmacology consideration in prescribing statins and avoiding conjoins these agents with diltazem especially in old age patient.

Privacy is one of basic rights of the patients. Privacy becomes important for the adolescents when they hospitalize in an unfamiliar environment. This study aimed to compare the perceptions of inpatient adolescents with nurses on the observance of privacy and its importance.Methods & Materials: In this cross-sectional study, 175 nurses and a convenience sample of 180 inpatient adolescents who had met the inclusion criteria were recruited to the study. Data was gathered using a questionnaire. Man-whitney u and kruskal-wallis statistical tests were used to analyze the data.

The results showed that there was significant differences between nurse's and inpatient adolescents` perceptions on the observance of privacy and its importance (man-whitney u, P<0.001). The most important priority regarding the privacy from nurse's point of view was "covering the unnecessary parts of the body while caring"; whilst it was "providing a pleasant decorated environment, telephone, toilet and bath in room, and hospitalization in a room with peers" from the adolescent's point of view. The most observed case about privacy from the nurse's point of view was "taking immediate action to help the teenagers if necessary"; whilst, from the adolescents view, it was "calling them with their favorite names".

The mean perceptions of nurses were higher than the adolescences toward observance of privacy and its importance. The results can guide nurses to improve quality of care for this group.