artificial intelligence

The use of artificial intelligence in the military industry by the Zionist regime has played a very prominent role in increasing its defense and military capabilities. This technology, by reducing the dependence on human power and increasing the accuracy and speed of reactions, helps them to carry out accurate and destructive attacks with the least physical presence in the field and reduce the risk of life for their forces.These innovations, in the context of the strategic vision of the Zionist regime, show that this regime is not only aware of the military opportunities resulting from the development of artificial intelligence but also seeks to identify possible future threats and deal with them. In this research, by referring to the documents published by the Zionist regime, its view on the indicators of the nature of the future of the war will be counted from side to side of the declaration texts. For this purpose, the relevant documents were examined by the method of qualitative content analysis, and the research was compiled.

The research method is based on the type of analytical-explanatory research, the type of applied goal, and the type of qualitative data. In this research, to review and analyze the data, the method of qualitative content analysis has been used. Qualitative content analysis, by focusing on understanding the meaning and structure of textual content, helps researchers to identify and analyze the patterns, themes, and concepts hidden in the data.In this process, first, the data were collected and entered into the MaxQD software in appropriate formats. Then, the relevant parts of the text were coded to identify key topics and concepts. These codes are organized hierarchically to show the structure and relationships between the data more clearly. In the next step, recurring patterns and themes were identified and relationships between codes were analyzed. Finally, the data interpretation was done to extract the results of the analysis and the findings were presented in a way that is in line with the main objectives of the research.

To analyze the effects of artificial intelligence on the future of wars, Carl von Clausewitz's theories about the nature of war were used. Based on these theories, the key indicators of the nature of war including violence, chance and probability, and the political nature of war were selected as the main criteria as follows.1- The political dimension of warFrom the point of view of the strategic documents of the Zionist regime, artificial intelligence can increase the political nature of war in the sense that war is the continuation of politics with other means. Israel's AI strategy is focused on strengthening long-term leadership in this field, applying AI for social and economic gains, and aligning with international approaches. The strategy also emphasizes the widespread use of artificial intelligence in the government and defense sectors and strong financial support for the development of this technology, indicating a desire to exploit artificial intelligence as a powerful tool in the realization of political goals. In addition, the codes that refer to multilateral cooperation, regulation consistent with international frameworks, and the use of artificial intelligence in decision-making and policy-making processes, show that the Zionist regime seeks to increase its political efficiency and flexibility through artificial intelligence.2- The dimension of luck and the possibility of warBased on the presented codes, it seems that from the point of view of the national documents of the Zionist regime, artificial intelligence can simultaneously increase and decrease the chance and probability of war; It depends on the type of use, transparency in decision-making and the regulatory environment. While AI can reduce human error by reducing human biases and improving decision-making accuracy, lack of transparency, vulnerability to technical failures, and lack of proper oversight can increase the chance of unexpected and unwanted events in war.3- The dimension of war violence From the point of view of the national documents of the Zionist regime, artificial intelligence can significantly affect the violence of war. These impacts can include increased risks and violence due to a lack of transparency, technical vulnerabilities, and arms race.

The Zionist regime, by focusing on the development of artificial intelligence, seeks to strengthen its strategic and military position. In the analysis of the effect of artificial intelligence on war violence, it can be seen that the Zionist regime has developed and exploited artificial intelligence technologies to increase war violence and improve accuracy in military operations. Artificial intelligence can help reduce the randomness and unpredictability of violence by providing advanced tools to analyze data and predict war scenarios. However, there are also challenges such as the possibility of algorithmic discrimination, security vulnerabilities, and the need for effective human supervision, which can lead to the occurrence of unwanted violence or increase its level. Regarding the index of chance and probability, artificial intelligence has two effects. On the one hand, this technology can reduce the probability of wars and facilitate crisis management by improving analysis and forecasting capabilities. On the other hand, the advanced capabilities of artificial intelligence and military capabilities may lead to new and more complex conflicts. Therefore, the impact of artificial intelligence on the chances and probability of wars depends on how it is used and the controls applied to this technology. In the context of the politicization of war, artificial intelligence significantly affects military policies and strategies. By exploiting the capabilities of artificial intelligence, the Zionist regime seeks to strengthen its decision-making power and improve strategic analysis. Artificial intelligence, as a tool for predicting and analyzing political and military complexities, can lead to strengthening the military power and political influence of the Zionist regime.Of course, investigating the effects of artificial intelligence on other aspects of warfare, including international interactions and changes in military strategies and policies, are important issues that require more attention and research.

The increasing application of artificial intelligence (AI) across various aspects of life necessitates a scientific examination of its consequences for political society. The present article aims to address this research imperative by exploring the central question: In what ways and through which mechanisms does AI technology impact the functioning of democracy? To achieve this objective, the core section of the article focuses on analyzing the challenges democracy faces in the digital era. The study’s conceptual model consists of four dimensions, each identifying and analyzing the challenges AI poses to democracy. The findings indicate that while AI holds potential for enhancing democratic performance, it also harbors challenges and threats that could ultimately lead to the distortion of democracy. The primary challenges AI presents to democracy include the manipulation of public opinion, the distortion of the public information environment, the digital divide and the expansion of inequality and discrimination, and, ultimately, the risk of autocracy and totalitarianism. These challenges interact in a systematic manner, reinforcing one another. Among them, the overarching challenge for democracy is the threat of totalitarianism, which emerges as a consequence of the other three challenges. The theoretical framework of the study draws on contemporary critical theory perspectives that examine the dominative effects of technology in modern society. The research adopts an explanatory (causal-inquiry) approach, employing qualitative data analysis and a library-based method for data collection.

Knowledge serves as the foundation of culture, history, and a wide range of human actions, including the formation of moral judgments, choices, and decisions in both individual and social life. In a democratic system, the fundamental assumption is that citizens participate in civil and political affairs based on this knowledge, and democratic institutions are tasked with facilitating the natural realization of collective consciousness and will in societal and political spheres.  However, rapid technological advancements, particularly in artificial intelligence (AI), have introduced an intelligent yet non-human agent that profoundly impacts various aspects of human life, including how individuals understand and interpret the world around them. AI is unique in its ability to mimic and perform functions of human intelligence, such as reasoning, problem-solving, discovering meaning, generalizing, learning from past experiences, and making targeted decisions by identifying hidden patterns, rules, and relationships within data. It can also anticipate future trends, making it a powerful tool for influencing human behavior.  With its integration into modern social media platforms, AI has disrupted democratic systems by enabling the production and dissemination of false, fake, and biased information. The presence of AI-driven technologies in social media has intensified a critical issue: the political and civic fate of societies is increasingly determined by the will and algorithms of artificial intelligence rather than the deliberate thought and will of individuals. This undermines the democratic ideal, which relies on the public's calculated and reasoned judgment, not their impulsive or manipulated reactions. Today, the adverse effects of artificial intelligence (AI) on public goods—such as justice, social equality, human rights, freedom of expression, and, more broadly, democracy and civil engagement—have emerged as pressing challenges for experts and sociologists to understand and address. These issues highlight the growing influence of AI in shaping societal structures and individual behaviors.This research focuses on a central question: How does a technological factor like AI, operating within the context of social networks, influence people's political and social awareness and, ultimately, determine their behavior? In other words, how do intelligent algorithms shape socio-political beliefs, justify certain choices and decisions, and invalidate others? By addressing this question, the study aims to uncover how AI technology, embedded in social media platforms, undermines human "agency" in receiving, evaluating, and interpreting information. Over time, AI itself becomes the dominant agency, steering public opinion and decision-making processes.

To address the above question, this research adopts a qualitative approach, collecting and analyzing data from a range of sources. Using the library and documentary method, the study compiles the latest theoretical and experimental findings from the past eight years. Through content analysis, it identifies and evaluates the most significant cognitive effects of artificial intelligence on political-social agency, supported by available evidence. Finally, the research offers practical suggestions and solutions aimed at restoring human agency in political and social life, thereby contributing to the reinvigoration of democratic order.

Artificial intelligence serves as a powerful tool for both malicious government agencies and foreign actors seeking to infiltrate and disrupt. It targets political-social agency on social media through various strategies, undermining individuals' independence in decision-making and taking control of their rational, internal, and measured processes of activism. Below, we discuss the most significant strategies identified in this study:Gradual Cognitive Damage:Smart technologies in the digital space function like a "digital Pavlov," conditioning human behavior and agency through free, diverse, and highly engaging services. This process rapidly captures users' attention, shapes their worldview, and earns their trust. Prolonged exposure to these platforms can makeindividuals more compliant, susceptible to external persuasion, and prone to uncritical acceptance of information.Cognitive Hacking Through Micro-Profiling:AI algorithms collect personal data by identifying emotional vulnerabilities, fears, political preferences, and social interests. Using this information, they tailor and deliver political messages aligned with individuals' personality types. This enables AI to target undecided or swing voters, producing and disseminating specific information to sway their decisions in favor of a particular political agenda.Epistemic Bubbles:Artificial intelligence categorizes users into homogeneous groups through homogenizing algorithms, delivering information that aligns with their existing intellectual and value frameworks. While this may seem like personalized content, it effectively censors or restricts access to diverse perspectives. Users become trapped in "filter bubbles" or information caves, where they only encounter echoes of their own beliefs and approved thoughts, limiting exposure to alternative viewpoints.Erosion of Individual Knowledge and Trust:AI can undermine trust in an individual's cognitive capacities, gradually eroding their reasoning and critical thinking skills. Over-reliance on AI-driven information can lead individuals to forget that agency lies in their own knowledge and awareness, with technology serving merely as a tool for efficiency rather than a replacement for independent thought.Amplification of Emotional Knowledge:Exposure to a high volume of false, hateful, or fake news and information can lead to the overflow of emotional behaviors into offline actions, fostering external conflicts. In this environment, knowledge becomes intertwined with exaggerated emotions, undermining critical rationality and progressive politics, which are essential for a well-informed and balanced society.Creation of False Epistemic Consensus and Minority Dominance:Certain AI mechanisms, such as astroturfing, create platforms where fringe views are amplified to appear mainstream, dictating values and choices to the majority. This distorts the worldview that serves the interests of most people, pushing it into the background or dismantling it entirely. The result is a disoriented society led by unstable and superficially competent individuals. This cognitive disorder is further exacerbated by social and politicalbots, as well as false campaigns, which manipulate public perception and decision-making.Creating Epistemic Distance from Socio-Political Reality:Epistemic distance arises when information technologies create a gap between reality and cognitive agency. In this process, data passes through multiple intermediaries before reachingindividuals,creating a space uniquely suited for constructing and maintaining a fabricated world. AI exacerbates this issue by continuously producing and republishing false content, such as deepfake videos, targeting rival political groups. The situation becomes particularly dire when AI-generated content is so close to the truth that distinguishing it from reality becomes nearly impossible. This blurring of lines between fact and fiction further erodes trust in information and undermines the ability of individuals to engage meaningfully with socio-political realities.

New media technologies, with their complex technical mechanisms, possess the ability to control and direct people's will and choices, shaping their understanding and knowledge of social and political realities—often without their awareness. This study observed that artificial intelligence manipulates human agency through political bots, echo chambers, deepfakes, and targeted misinformation, effectively controlling individuals' thinking, reasoning, and decision-making in political matters using various strategies. To address these challenges, the most critical and effective solution is to strengthen human agency by fostering analytical and critical thinking skills. Equipping individuals with the ability to discern and evaluate information independently can mitigate the influence of AI-driven manipulation.

After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the newly established Central Asian countries sought to expand their political, economic, and security relations beyond their former Soviet allies. With its regional approach, China managed to turn the challenges in Central Asia into opportunities. China's interests in Central Asia include, preventing terrorist activities in Xinjiang province, accessing new markets for goods and infrastructure companies and building transportation networks to support imports and exports. The importance of Central Asia in China's point of view is expected to increase in the 21st century. This shift is related to the strong technological advancements that are occurring in areas such as the Internet of Things, 3D printing, Industry 4.0, and artificial intelligence. Now China has positioned itself as a great power with a vision to become a leader in science and technology. Thus, Central Asia has a significant potential as a suitable region for China's presence and manufacturing technologies.

Research question: 

With special emphasis on China's strategy in Central Asia, this research seeks to answer the question, what are China's goals in the framework of the strategy of using artificial intelligence in Central Asia?Research hypothesis: Through artificial intelligence technology, China seeks to increase its position and influence in a wide range of economic, political and military fields in Central Asia, such as creating a smart city, establishing a large data center, gaining information superiority, fighting cybercrimes and Smart military cooperation, etc.

Methodology and theoretical framework: 

The research method in the article is a qualitative method with a sample study method as well as a process study with a descriptive-analytical approach. In this research, attention has been paid to the subject of artificial intelligence from the perspective of realism. The most important question facing realists with the advent of artificial intelligence is the question of power and security. It seems that based on the logic of realism, artificial intelligence can increase the concern of governments about their security and sovereignty. Artificial intelligence creates many capabilities in the field of decision-making, simulation, war calculations, etc., which cannot be recorded or measured anywhere. Therefore, from the point of view of realism, it is artificial intelligence that gives power to China in the present era so that it can seek to improve its position as a main player in the world arena. 

Based on these data, China is looking for the development and application of artificial intelligence in various fields in order to improve its position in the international system. In this regard, China has presented one of the most comprehensive strategies in the field of artificial intelligence by combining various elements of technologies. China's AI strategy has set ambitious goals to achieve global leadership by 2025 in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), voice and image recognition and to become a global AI innovation center by 2030. China's AI strategy emphasizes the importance of research and development areas and ethical norms, with special emphasis on the concepts of talent development and national security. According to the existing discussion of artificial intelligence technologies, it has played an important role in strengthening China's interaction with the world, especially in the geography of Central Asia. In fact, artificial intelligence, like everything that a country produces in important economic sectors, services, technology, etc., needs a sales market. A country cannot claim to be in the world arena, but use artificial intelligence, which is a product with very diverse capacities, at the domestic level only for the consumption of domestic people.Therefore, based on the data, Chinese technology companies entered the Central Asian market at the beginning of the 21st century, but their real growth as one of the global powers in the field of information and communication technology and digitalization began in the second decade of this century after Xi Jinping came to power. China is systematically integrating new AI technologies into its economic and technological investments and continues to increase smart weapons exports and military deployments in Central Asia. China's advanced position in artificial intelligence is likely to create significant geopolitical implications in the region through an active digital export policy and increased asymmetric dependence in different regions. Overall, according to the data, China has influence in three sectors of political, economic and military in Central Asia using programs and projects such as the Silk Road and Beijing's programs in the field of artificial intelligence.

China's development and use of artificial intelligence technology plays an important role in the country’s active initiatives and policies in the Central Asian region. In this regard, China is following a comprehensive path to integrate artificial intelligence technologies in various fields. China's artificial intelligence strategy serves to reinforce its growing asymmetric dependence with the countries in the region and hence this fact facilitates the risk of vulnerability against China. China is systematically integrating new AI technologies into its economic and technological investments and continues to increase smart weapons exports and military deployments in Central Asia. By skillfully introducing the project of smart cities, China not only strengthens economic and strategic opportunities but also creates information on the issue of exporting digital authoritarianism to the region. In this sense, the tools of artificial intelligence technology have been applied in China to help and facilitate the asymmetric dependence of this country. Despite criticisms of exporting digital authoritarianism, China continues to sell surveillance technologies and increase its share and influence in Central Asia. Therefore, based on the existing hypothesis, China has actively cooperated with regional countries in the field of security-political issues and maintaining the stability of local regimes as well as the economy based on artificial intelligence. This center was at a favorable level (asymmetrically), but according to China's strategy in the field of artificial intelligence, this trend has continued in a new and more favorable way.

Today, influenced by the progress of societies, its technological developments and the progress of artificial intelligence, countries have sought to use and benefit from it in various matters. Because the efficiency, speed and accuracy of artificial intelligence have made its use important in various matters. This efficiency has also prompted those involved in legal and judicial affairs to take appropriate measures in order to use artificial intelligence. Therefore, the present article attempts to study the ways of this influence by using the descriptive-analytical research method and analyzing legal documents, while analyzing the role and position of artificial intelligence in legal matters, especially the delay of proceedings. Therefore, the question raised in the article is how artificial intelligence can affect legal matters and the delay of proceedings? In response to this hypothesis, it is suggested that the impact of artificial intelligence on legal matters is positive and, considering characteristics such as speed, accuracy, skill and time reduction, it affects the delay of Darcy. The conclusion of the article also shows that today artificial intelligence and its application are in the legal orders of most countries, and this requires the establishment of appropriate laws and its proper management in legal matters.

Even though in the present era, the components of power have still maintained their effectiveness; But the new developments and progress in the fields of technology have caused that, along with the traditional components, some new components are also effective on the developments of the countries and, as a result, increasing their capabilities in various fields. These new components have sometimes reached such a level of influence that they can be involved in international equations and affect the evolution of the international system.
One of the sensitive and important areas of transition and transformation in the global geometry of power is the category of "transit corridors". The geopolitical space of the 21st century is based on a network of bridges and communication corridors between regional and extra-regional countries, and it can be said that the great game of the 21st century can be summed up in one concept: "Corridor".
The concrete manifestation of this concept can be seen in China's 21st century super project called "One Belt, One Road" or "New Silk Road". On the other hand, the development and expansion of new technologies, especially in the field of "artificial intelligence", can also create important developments in the field of power and power exchanges in the country. This development is so important that it is said that in the current era, "data" replaces "oil" and any country that wants to be a leader in the international arena must master data, algorithms, and artificial intelligence technology in general. This evolution has caused security to move away from hard categories and become based on data.
These developments and the development of technologies, while changing the hierarchical order of the past and forming new identities, will also have a tremendous impact on the power, abilities, ideas, priorities and interests of governments and individuals, and as a result, the rules and platform of the game in the field of international politics.

Artificial intelligence has increasingly found a central and decisive role in the macro-competition between the United States of America and China. Beijing and Washington are looking to improve the power and capabilities of artificial intelligence in order to gain a strategic advantage in their macro-competition. The development of artificial intelligence by both sides will deepen their strategic competition and affect the structure and dynamics of the international system. Using the theoretical propositions of neorealism and the descriptive-analytical method, this article aims to analyze the dimensions and angles of the competition between America and China in the field of artificial intelligence. Based on this, the main question of the current research is how does the competition between America and China in the field of artificial intelligence find meaning in the framework of the structural competition of the two countries in the international system? The findings of the research show that America and China are trying to lead the field of technology, especially in the field of artificial intelligence, by giving priority to technogeopolitics and technonationalism. In fact, the efforts and actions of America and China to lead the field of technology have affected their strategic considerations in all areas. Chinese leaders see artificial intelligence as an opportunity to counter US military and technological dominance and gain strategic advantage. On the other hand, China's growing technological capabilities are the main factor behind the US's efforts to create a block of digital economies in order to counterbalance China's growing power.

Artificial intelligence is one of the important tools in shaping a new approach to power in the military, economic and social sectors. The purpose of the research is to discuss the new AI-based power approach between the US and China. The question of the article is, what is the approach of America and China in the field of using artificial intelligence? The tough competition between America and China in the field of artificial intelligence is focused on the military, defense and economic fields, and in the soft field, it is an effort to show appropriate leadership at the world level to gain international credibility and legitimacy in the coming decades. The results of the research have shown that the difficult aspects of using artificial intelligence in America include attention to trade and economy and military fields and hardware sanctions in the chip and semiconductor industry against China. In the soft sphere, the attempt is to show the weakness of China's leadership and prevent this country from gaining international credit. But in China, the hard field related to artificial intelligence is focused on urban planning, building smart cities, medical affairs, and strengthening the Chinese People's Army, and in the soft field, networking for foreign investment in different countries, including in Asia, and showing oneself. It has been considered as a discourse generator in the field of artificial intelligence. In this article, the comparative method and library tools are used, and the theoretical framework of the article is also intelligent power.

Artificial intelligence is one of the technologies that has the ability to influence the political and military aspects of the national security of governments. According to a practical definition, artificial intelligence is the science of making machines that do things that would require intelligence if done by humans. This research, in the form of descriptive-analytical method and security levels, seeks to answer the question, what threats and opportunities does artificial intelligence have in the military and political aspects of Iran's national security? the results show that artificial intelligence has brought political and military threats and opportunities to Iran's national security. The most important military threats include increasing cyber attacks on nuclear facilities, cyber attacks on domestic institutions, espionage and assassination of people with self-propelled weapons. AI opportunities in the military include equipping missile and drone weapons, acquiring robotic weapons, and cyber deterrence. The most important threats of artificial intelligence in the political field include cyber attacks on radio and television and designing fake news to deceive public opinion. The most important opportunities to use artificial intelligence in this field include trying to influence elections and strategic confrontations in foreign policy.

The main purpose of this research is to investigate the function of artificial intelligence in improving the process of intelligence collection and analysis. This research is practical in terms of its purpose and its method is descriptive-analytical. The method of data collection is documentary and library studies and the approach of conducting research is content analysis and determination of semantic units and their classification. To evaluate the adequacy of content analysis, theoretical validity was used with the approach of receiving experts' opinions and Cohen's kappa coefficient. Therefore, with the review and approval of the participating members in the research process (0.93), the research findings have the necessary credibility and trust. The results of the research show that in order to process and analyze big data and achieve intelligence aristocracy, related organizations must implement the 15 capabilities of artificial intelligence (mentioned in semantic units) in all components of the intelligence cycle. This application, by automating and reducing the role of users and time in the entire intelligence cycle, while creating innovative opportunities, increases the power of prediction and decision-making for decision makers.