learning methods

From the beginning of history until now, human life has been full of ups and downs to achieve perfection and progress. . It is obvious that the old methods of production and distribution of knowledge, which are designed based on face-to-face communication, are gradually losing their effectiveness and the need to use new tools is felt. In order to meet this need, e-learning, which is an evolved form of the old methods of teaching and learning using information technology, was introduced in the early decade and quickly introduced as the superior method of learning in the age of knowledge and awareness. E-learning is actually learning through computers, multimedia computer networks and the Internet, which has become accessible thanks to the increasing growth of information technology. E-learning will move the learning process from traditional classroom to online learning and will bring many benefits to the learner and the organization. Time and place in e-learning teachings lose their modern meaning in traditional classroom methods, meaning that there will be no time or space constraints. In this article, we examine the characteristics, factors and challenges facing e-learning, and analyze it from different angles, and we will try to explain and present it as much as possible.

From the beginning of history until now, human life has been full of ups and downs to achieve perfection and progress. . It is obvious that the old methods of production and distribution of knowledge, which are designed based on face-to-face communication, are gradually losing their effectiveness and the need to use new tools is felt. In order to meet this need, e-learning, which is an evolved form of the old methods of teaching and learning using information technology, was introduced in the early decade and quickly introduced as the superior method of learning in the age of knowledge and awareness. E-learning is actually learning through computers, multimedia computer networks and the Internet, which has become accessible thanks to the increasing growth of information technology. E-learning will move the learning process from traditional classroom to online learning and will bring many benefits to the learner and the organization. Time and place in e-learning teachings lose their modern meaning in traditional classroom methods, meaning that there will be no time or space constraints. In this article, we examine the characteristics, factors and challenges facing e-learning, and analyze it from different angles, and we will try to explain and present it as much as possible.

The present research was conducted to select desirable learning methods for managerial development based on effective criteria and dimensions using TOPSIS technique. Given the purpose, an applied method of research is used. To collect data, a survey descriptive method of research is used. The National Iranian Petroleum Refining and Distribution Company (NIORDC) was selected as the statistical population and 15 managers and experts in the field of related to managers' learning and development were selected for interviews using with purposive sampling. Data collection is performed using both library or documentary method to review literature and filed study includes structured interviews, distribution and collection of questioner. The validity of the questioner has been assessed and also approved by the experts due to its consistency with the literature. The reliability of the questioner has been approved by repeat testing. Best Worst method (BWM) as well as Expert choice software have been used for analyzing data and determining the coefficiency of influencing criteria of needs assessment methods and identification of their priorities. TOPSIS technique and Excel have been also used to determine Closeness Coefficient and the priority of each learning methods. Research Findings indicate that the game and simulation method is the most desirable learning method to implement the development programs of managers in the company.

The present research aims to study workplace learning in the Petrochemical Industries National Company. The research is of qualitative nature and uses grounded theory approach, introduced by Charmaz. Data collection methods included interviews, analysis of documents, observation and focus groups. The statistical population of the research consisted of 350 employees, 16 of whom were selected through purposeful sampling method. Grounded theory approach (open coding, focused coding and theoretical coding) and Maxqda software10 were applied to analyze data. As a result, 6 general categories, 17 secondary categories and 42 sub-categories were discovered. The final results show that constructivism learning, connectivism learning, social learning, formal training, learning from information sources and self-directed learning are some of the learning methods used by employees of Petrochemical Industries National Company.

The issue of entrepreneurial learning and entrepreneurs’ different learning methods are addressed to attract and empower young interested people to create and manage business activities. Although learning has a crucial role in the process of entrepreneurship، entrepreneurs and researchers lack a comprehensive pattern for explaining learning in terms of sources، methods، as well as entrepreneurs’ performance. Therefore، the present study seeks to present a pattern for early stage entrepreneurs’ learning sources and methods in Iran. This is a qualitative research including an in-depth and semi-structured interview. Participants of the study include 12 novices while highly-educated entrepreneurs were chosen using purposeful sampling. They were interviewed and the data were encoded in three steps as follows: determining oral evidence، identifying learning methods، and relating the learning methods to the sources. As a result of this study، amateur entrepreneurs’ learning methods and sources have been identified and presented in light of different stages of the entrepreneurial process. The study yielded the result that entrepreneurs adopt a universal perspective on using learning sources such as human interactions، performance of duties، training programs and publications whereby all of them use the three above-mentioned learning sources. On the other hand، contingency approach was used in terms of learning methods. In other words، it was revealed that entrepreneurs adopt effective methods that suit different personalities and particular working environment to run business activities.