جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Safety management » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

An organization's safety culture is the product of its values, attitudes, beliefs, and behavioral patterns that define the organization's commitment and framework for managing safety and health. The purpose of evaluating the safety culture is to identify the current state of the safety culture raise the awareness of the employees in this field evaluate the interventions related to safety and track the changes that have been made. The present study was conducted to analyze the status of patient safety culture among the employees of hospitals covered by Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences in 2022.

The current descriptive, analytical, and cross-sectional study was conducted in 1401 on 440 employees of medical and educational hospitals covered by Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. The sample size was calculated using Cochran's formula and the sampling method was simply random. The tool used in the Standard Patient Safety Culture Questionnaire (HSOPSC) The questionnaire had 42 questions, and 12 dimensions of the patient safety culture including dimensions of general understanding of the patient, organizational learning and continuous improvement, discipline within hospital departments, non-punitive policy in cases of errors, issues Work related to staff, manager/supervisor expectations and actions to promote patient safety, open communication channels, feedback and exchange of information about errors, hospital management support, teamwork among hospital departments, hospital handovers and transfers, and frequency of incident reporting. Unwantedness was measured based on a five-point Likert scale. The average score of less than 2.5 indicates a low patient safety culture, between 2.5 and 3.75 an acceptable state of safety culture, and 3.75 and above indicates the patient safety culture is a strength of the hospital. The study was conducted with IR.TUMS.SPH.REC.1400.289 code of ethics. Analysis was done using Spss 24 software and independent t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, and Friedman.

Most of the participants (47%) were 30 to 40 years old and had work experience of 1 to 10 years (44.6%). Also, most of the studied people (59%) were on rotating shifts. The overall status of patient safety culture in hospitals covered by Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences was 64.4% with an average of 3.22±0.43, so 86.1% of the participating employees considered the patient safety status as an average. Among the dimensions of patient safety culture, the highest and lowest scores are respectively related to the dimensions of "teamwork within hospital departments" with a mean and standard deviation of 3.90±0.79 (78 percent) and "hospital delivery and transfers" with a mean, and the standard deviation was 2.75±0.92 (55%). According to the single-sample independent parametric T-test, the score obtained from the status of patient safety culture in covered hospitals was higher than the average standard score of 3 (P<0.05). Patient safety culture in people with higher service experience had a better condition than people with less experience (P<0.05). No significant difference was observed in the status of patient safety culture in different work shifts of the participants (P<0.05). Also, teaching hospitals had a better average patient safety culture than non-teaching hospitals (P<0.05).

Based on the findings, hospital transfers were identified as one of the weakest areas. The implementation of appropriate training courses, such as workshops and in-service training, for correct patient transfer and handover is recommended. Additionally, empowering staff to freely question and critique decisions and actions of senior personnel regarding patient safety concerns is crucial.

For years, chemical process industries have reported the unexpected release of highly hazardous liquids and gases. A disaster could not be avoided when these materials were not adequately controlled. The issue of Process Safety Management (PSM) is still being discussed in developing and developed countries. PSM was established to manage the risks of a company’s personnel, properties, products, environment, and credit risks. This study aimed to review the challenges and achievements of PSM implementation and provide recommendations for improvement.

A collection of scholarly articles published from 2000 to 2023, such as Science Direct, WOS, PubMed, and Scopus, was chosen through a systematic, meticulous review. After thoroughly examining these abstracts, titles, and complete contexts, 49 articles were finally selected for inclusion in the study and classified based on different criteria, such as publication year, authors, achievements, and challenges.

PSM in the United States has been chiefly studied due to the high number of chemical process industries and its presence in the form of OSHA legislation in this country. The areas of operations, audits, and resources have the most challenges in implementing PSM. On the other hand, reducing the severity of incidents in chemical processes and increasing productivity are considered the most significant achievements of PSM implementation.

PSM as an interdisciplinary field has improved  and become more effective over the years.. However, incidents still exist, and the number can increase, considering the growth of industries’ chemical processes. Therefore, a deep look at the issues of risk-based regulations, competency, operational excellence, and learning from incidents is necessary to achieve excellence in PSM.

  Safety performance in schools is one of the most important issues that can be investigated in school management, and ignoring it causes major and irreparable damage. In line with this issue, the present research has investigated the effect of school safety management through learning, safety procedures, and safety culture on safety performance in elementary schools in Gilan province.

 This research is based on a descriptive method and is applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population of the study consists of 2112 elementary schools in Gilan province, of which 295 schools were selected as the minimum necessary sample using the cluster sampling method. To collect data, the research questionnaire including 4 general questions and 62 specific questions was provided to the director and deputy (moderator) of the selected schools. After collecting the questionnaires, the structural equation modeling approach and SPSS and Smart PLS2 software were used to analyze the resulting data.

 The results show that the impact of safety management and leadership on safety learning and training (0.885), the impact of safety management and leadership on safety policies and procedures (0.822), the impact of safety learning and training on safety culture (0.557), The impact of safety policies and procedures on safety culture (0.387) and the impact of safety culture on safety performance (0.848) were significant. Also, the highest coefficient of the indirect path (0.418) related to the impact of safety management and leadership on safety performance is made through safety learning and training and safety culture.

To improve the safety culture in schools, students and staff should be allowed to participate in the process of decision-making and implementing the safety practices. Also, the responsibility of personnel related to the safety of school environment should be determined to make them respondent for creating and establishing safety.

Drowning is one of the most prevalent accidents in aquatic environments. Although drowning has been noticed by healthcare policymakers in the world today, the issue of drowning has been neglected in the safety management of students. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the predictors of adopting preventive behaviors from drowning trauma among students in the west of Tehran city with the approach of safety management.

This study was descriptive-analytical (cross-sectional). The statistical population of this research included all parents of students who were studying in the first grade of the selected public schools in West of Tehran city in the academic year of 2021-2022 (N=3000). The random convenience sampling was used and 340 parents participated in this study. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire with a new approach to safety management (preventing accidents by doing preventive behaviors) based on a protection motivation model (preventive behavior model), of which reliability and validity were checked. Data analysis was done using SPSS 26 software and Pearson correlation test and linear regression.

The constructs of the protection motivation model explained 67% of the variance of the behavioral intention of protection motivation and 69.7% students had no history of taking swimming classes. The highest correlation was between behavior and perceived costs (r=-0.579 and P<0.01) and 237 students (69.7%) had never exhibited preventive behaviors of learning swimming techniques or gaining swimming abilities from professional swimming coaches.

A significant relationship between the most constructs of the protection motivation model by performing drowning prevention behaviors, as well as the strongest correlation between preventive behaviors and perceived cost structure, emphasizes the design of free educational programs to increase students’ knowledge and motivation in the field of drowning prevention behaviors.

The productivity of an organization is closely related to the improvement of the safety and health of employees and the development of knowledge and skills of human resources in advancing the organization goals. Based on a combination of questionnaire and survey, this study examines the impact of implementing safety management practices on the performance and job satisfaction of employees in Iran's production units.

This descriptive-cross-sectional study was conducted in 1400 on 200 employees and managers of the Hacoupian clothing industrial company located in Tehran province. 130 of them were selected based on random sampling using the Morgan table. Data collection tools included a researcher-made questionnaire, which was further confirmed by experts by applying their opinions regarding its validity and reliability. It was approved by experts. The analysis method in this study is mainly descriptive and the type of research is relational. Data and research hypotheses were respectively tested using Structural equation modeling (SEM) and Partial least squares (PLS) approach through SPSS26 software.

Findings showed the appropriate fit of measurement and structural models. In addition, results demonstrated the positive effect of improving safety on the job satisfaction of employees in production units, as well as the negative effects of not paying attention to the health of the working environment on the quality of employees' performance.

The more companies and governments pay attention to the issue of operational health and safety, the organizational and environmental situation will be formed in such a way that it will optimally motivate employees and increase the quality of production and operations in the organization.

Occupational accidents not only reduce social credibility and impose a heavy economic burden on the organization, but also cause fatalities and disability among personnel. This study aims to assess risk and review safety promotion guidelines in railway construction projects.

This study investigated the safety status of Tehran-Karaj railway construction and increasing lines project in four phases, including infrastructure, technical buildings, superstructure, and joint activities. The data were gathered by reviewing project safety documentation, reported accidents, and risk assessment results by failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) method. Risks were categorized based on control ability at three levels, including low, moderate, and high levels. Control measures were prioritized based on the risk coverage percentage, cost, implementation time, and effectiveness.

In total, 377 risks were identified, 19.9%, 61.2%, and 18.9% of which were in the low, moderate, and high levels, respectively. The most frequently identified risks and the highest rate of accidents were related to technical buildings (42.2%) and superstructure (36.6%) phases, respectively. In terms of consequence, the most severe accident occurred in the infrastructure phase within the contractors' scope of action. Falling from height was identified as the greatest threat against the project, and collapsing, falling, and hitting with materials as the key cause of the accident. It was found that controlling 39.8% of the risks could avert 73.3% of the project occupational accidents.

The findings reveal the major role of senior management commitment to safety and emphasis on control measures, including implementing safety program training, increasing visits, and safety inspection, as well as implementing a permit to work system in all operational phases.

Safety management is the process of determining, analyzing, estimating, and preventing risks, and hospitals need to evaluate it due to the high sensitivity and stakeholder expectations. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the status of safety management in the selected hospitals’ headquarter and clinical settings.

This descriptive-analytical study was performed in 10 available hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2018 with a sample size of 124 people. Data collection tool was a 115-item questionnaire in two areas: headquarters (safety and accident committee, organization, and structure) and clinical setting (operating room and inpatient wards), and its validity and reliability was approved.

The general status of safety management in 10 hospitals was assessed as "moderate", the difference between the mean scores of hospital wards was statistically significant (p=0.003). These scores were inversely and significantly related to the hospital bed occupancy rate (p=0.011), and also a direct and significant relationship was observed between the total scores of the safety and the accidents committee (p=0.005).

To strengthen safety management in the inpatient wards, it is necessary that the referrals be managed and coordinated with the service capacity of wards. It is also necessary to improve the activities of headquarter (the safety and accident committee) due to its direct significant relationship with safety management of clinical wards.

Industrial accidents and occupational diseases mostly lead to considerable human, environmental, and economic losses. Hence, the present study aims at determining the pattern of the influential factors in the development of occupational safety and health.

The statistical population of the study included all the small and medium-sized enterprises in Tabriz. Two questionnaires were used for data collection. All the load factors were greater than 0.5 and statistically significant, which shows the good validity of the questionnaire. In addition, Cronbach’s alpha for all the major components was greater than 0.7, which shows the good reliability of the questionnaire. In order to determine the pattern of the influential factors in the development of occupational safety and health, confirmatory factor analysis and Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) were used for data analysis.

Research findings at the confirmatory factor analysis for the major components indicates that the RMSEA is smaller than 0.05, the GFI, CFI, and NFI are greater than 0.9. As a result, the seven major components are confirmed as the components of the pattern of the development of occupational safety and health. Finding of the Interpretive Structural Modeling showed that the “organization and management” is the most influential component and the “employee safety quality” is the most impressible component in the pattern of safety and health development directly and indirectly affected by other components.

According to the determined pattern, managers can focus on the major influential components such as the organization and management, and managerial measures to improve the impressible components and increase the organization resilience against occupational disasters and diseases by increasing the employees’ safety.