INVESTIGATION OF DIABET KETOACIDOSIS TREATMENT IN TABRIZ PEDIATRIC HOSPITAL (2004-2014)

  Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), a life-threatening complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), occurs more commonly in children with type 1 DM.Treatment requires careful replacement of fluid and electrolyte deficits, intravenous administration of insulin, and close monitoring of clinical and biochemical parameters. In this retrospective study, all patients who were diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis in Tabriz PediatricHospital from 2004 to 2014 were analyzed based on age, gender, labratory profile, duration, and complication of DKA, particulary cerebral edema.
All datas were collected and analyzed by the software and were analyzed using SPSSversion16. Of 262 patients studied, 52.8% were female and 47.1%were male. The mean age of patients was 7.01±3.7 years, and 43.8% of patients were ≤5 years old. During the treatment, the means of glucose and potassium reduction were 171.2 ±70mg/dl and 0.71meq/L, respectively. The hypokalemia was seen in 39 cases. The mean of sodium and bicarbonate increase were 2.4± 1.1and 7.27±2.5 meq/L, respectively. The mean recovery time of DKA in patients was 14.7±6.2 hours.There were no mortalities in our study. Cerebral edema was seen in 4(1.52%) of patients. In our study the prevalence of DKA was higher in younger children. The hypokalemia was the most common electrolyte imbalance and no specific risk factor was observed in patient complicated with cerebral edema.