The theory of the overturned pyramid and the problems relating to lexical and syntactic levels in the process of the translation

The theory of the overturned pyramid, introducing three levels for translation (lexicon, sentence, speech) analyses features and problems relating to every level. By using this theory, we offer to examine the first two levels (lexical and syntactic) in the process of the translation of French in Persian and vice versa. The accent put on certain grammatical features of the syntax as mode, the aspect, the time and complex sentence, and direct and indirect speech, allows to the translator to conceive a kind of syntax compared between both languages to analyze difference and likeness.