THE PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE AND ITS OUTCOME IN INFANTS ADMITTED TO NICU OF BESAT HOSPITAL OF HAMADAN IN 2012-2017

Congenital heart disease is one of the most common congenital anomalies in infants and is the leading cause of death from congenital diseases. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors of congenital heart disease (CHD) and its outcome in infants admitted to NICU.

In this cross-sectional retrospective study, all infants who were admitted to the NICU of Besat Hospital from 2012 to 2017 with diagnosis congenital heart disease were studied. Demographic data of mothers and infants were collected. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16.

Of 2800 hospitalized infants, 97 (96.3%) infants suffered from congenital heart disease that 60 of them (61.9%) were males. The mean birth weight of infants was 2568.81±524.30 g and the mean gestational age of newborns was 36.66±2.62 weeks. 22 percent of the parents were relatives, in 20% of infants there was a family history of congenital heart disease and 50% of mothers had an underlying disease. The most common congenital heart diseases were ventricular septal defect (VSD) (37.1%), an atrial septal defect(ASD)(28.8%), and patent ductus atreiousus (PDA) (8.28%). 15 (15.5%) of the infant died.

Ventricular septal defect and atrial septal defect were the most common congenital heart disease in newborns which may be related to maternal use of antihypertensive drugs during pregnancy.