Gastric aspirate shake test for predicting of surfactant therapy in premature neonates with gestational age ≤ 34W with hyaline membrane disease

Hyaline membrane disease (HMD) is one of the most common respiratory diseases in preterm infants. The main cause of the disease is surfactant deficiency and its clinical symptoms include respiratory distress tachypnea, cyanosis, granulation, and increased oxygen demand. There are generally two methods of administering surfactants, 1- prophylactic 2- Rescue. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of gastric aspiration impulse test on predicting the need for surfactant in neonates.

This study was a descriptive-analytic study in which all newborn infants less than or equal to 34 weeks of age had respiratory distress and clinical symptoms of hyaline membrane disease such as granitic, cyanosis, intraretinal retraction. And sub-ribs were studied and causes other than those listed are exclusion criteria and excluded. The sampling method was easy and data were collected from an oral interview of pregnant mothers, checking the files and completing the questionnaire. Data analysis software was SPSS v21 and descriptive statistics and regression tests were used for odds ratios.

In this study, 62 (68.1%) neonates were male and 29 (31.9%) were female. The mean birth weight of neonates was 1662±593 g and their mean age was 31.7±2.5 weeks. Normal delivery and cesarean section in this study were 35 (38.5%) and 56 (61.5%), respectively. According to the findings, diabetes mellitus had a significant relationship with hyaline membrane disease. Hypertension, addiction, corticosteroid administration, and gender were also significantly associated with membrane disease (P <0.05). According to the present study, there was no significant relationship between the type of delivery and hyaline membrane disease (P> 0.05).

Our study showed that the offspring of mothers with hypertension, addiction, and diabetes were less likely than others to have membrane disease and need to be given surfactants. The administration of corticosteroid drugs to mothers is also associated with the development of hyaline membrane disease.