Criminal responsibility of the intervenors in criminal groups in Iranian law and international documents

In international documents, collective criminal responsibility is expressed in frameworks such as supervision, causation, command, incitement, group membership. In dealing with the interlopers, four methods have been mentioned, which are: the system of rejecting the company and deputy, the system of accepting the company along with the manager and rejecting the deputy, the system of accepting the deputy along with the manager and rejecting the company, and the system of accepting three independent titles. The fourth system is used in Iran. The first system, that is, the negation of the company and deputy, which aims to simplify criminal law from the existing titles, believes that the title of steward and stewards is sufficient to fight against direct and indirect intervenors in crime. In fact, according to this opinion, it is better to differentiate between The partners in crime and the criminal associates (deputies) should be removed and the direct and indirect intervenors in the crime should be dealt with as a single title. In the sub-set of the second system, i.e. acceptance of participation and stewardship and negation of the deputy, there are two independent thoughts: the denial of the deputy and its non-acceptance in general, and the conditional acceptance of the deputy as an inseparable part of the act of the main criminal and the overseer of the crime. In the third system of the deputy And stewardship is accepted, but participation in crime is treated as stewardship. Finally, in the fourth system, these three titles are recognized independently.