مجله دانشکده پزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد
سال شصت و دوم شماره 6 (پیاپی 166، آذر و دی 1398)

The purpose of this study was investigating the effectiveness of mindful parenting training on improvement of experiential avoidance, self-compassion and mindfulness in stressed mothers with preschooler child. The design of the present study is experimental with pre-test, post-test and follow-up with sham group. Participants of 40 mothers with preschool children who were randomly divided into experimental and sham groups. The experimental group received 8 sessions of 2-hour mindful parenting educational intervention and the sham group received 8 sessions of 2-hour English language training. For measuring experiential avoidance, self-compassion, mindfulness, in order Acceptance, Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II), Self-Compassion Scale- short form (SCS-SF), and Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) were used. Questionnaires were used in 3 phases including pre-test, post-test and two month-follow-up. Statistical analysis of data based on repeated measures analysis of variance and covariance The findings showed that the mean scores on the experimental avoidance, self-compassion and mindfulness variables in the experimental group at the post-test and follow-up phase were significantlyhigher than the intervention group(p <0.01). The results of this study indicate that mindful parenting training is effective on improving the experience avoidance and promoting self-compassion and mindfulness of mothers with preschool children.

This study aimed at examining the model of relationship between attachment styles and marital satisfaction with the mediating roles of forgiveness and empathy. The participants include all married students of Yazd University who have got married at least for 2 years aged between 20-45 years old. Among them 200 students (101 men and 99 women) studying in the second semester of 1396-1397 were chosen randomly. The materials used in this study were the questionnaires of the Revised Adult Attachment scale (RAAS) by Collins and Read, Marital Satisfaction Scale, The Family Forgiveness Scale (FFS), and Batson Empathy Altruism (BEA). The collected data were analyzed through Pearson correlation coefficient and path analysis (bootstrapping) through SPSS software package 21 and AMOS. The findings of this study indicated that attachment styles have a direct effect on marital satisfaction as well as an findings indirect effect on it through mediation of forgiveness and empathy Moreover, based on the findings, it can be claimed that forgiveness and empathy are such important factors which cause an increase in marital satisfaction directly or indirectly by decreasing the negative effect of some factors such as insecure attachment styles. In conclusion, in order to improve the quality of relationship between couples, according to their attachment style, it is needed to improve forgiveness and empathy between them.

In this study, the effectiveness of play therapy in children with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder was studied.

In this experimental method, a sample of 30 male3 grader students with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder were selected from Mashhad primary schools and then randomly assigned to two groups (15 experimental groups and 15 control group). The data gathering instruments included Child Symptom Inventories (CSI-4) teacher‘s form and Fallahchay writing disorder test. The play therapy was administered for experimental group in 10 sessions (40 minutes twise a week for 2months) and control group received no intervention and then again the writing disorder test was performed from both groups.

The results of ANCOVA analysis showed that play therapy is effective on improving spelling, handwriting and writing combination in children with attention deficit / hyperactivity.

According to the research findings or findings, it can be concluded that play therapy can improve spelling error by improving attention and other cognitive functions. Also found is that play therapy has improved spelling error by reducing the symptoms of attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder.

Sleep disorder is a common problem in adult quality of life, especially in patients with hypertension, which affects their physical and mental health. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the factors related to sleep disorders in the quality of life of the sample.

The present study is a descriptive-analytical study on the quality of life of people with essential hypertension. The statistical population of this study included all patients with hypertension residing in Mashhad in order to conduct a study on 125 patients with major hypertension referred to specialized clinics and physicians' offices specialized in this field by non-random sampling method. were chosen. Participants were assessed through a research instrument including the Petersburg Sleep Quality Questionnaire (PSQI) and the 36-item Quality of Life Questionnaire (SF-36), and then the data were analyzed using Pearson correlation. The following is SPSS software.

According to the findings of the study, it was found that high blood pressure in those affected in these physical, psychological and environmental domains generally decreases and decreases the quality of life. To women. Married people are also more likely to have sleep disorders due to their greater responsibility in life. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the economic status has a significant effect on the quality of sleep in people with hypertension, so that the higher the welfare index in their lives, the higher the quality of sleep. According to the findings of the study, socioeconomic status had a greater impact on sleep quality in hypertensive individuals.

Overall, the quality of sleep and hypertension are severely affected by lifestyle, and people with hypertension may have sleep disorders.

The present study investigates the relationship between life skills and organizational citizenship behavior with burnout in English teachers of Torbat Heydariyeh

This study was a correlational study. The population of the study is 400 English teachers of first and second grade secondary education in Torbat Heydariyeh city and its surrounding areas. Sampling was done by simple random sampling and included 196 first and second grade English language teachers. Data gathering tools are the Life Skills Questionnaire of Chi Chi et al. Teachers (2010), the Podsakov et al. (1990) Organizational Citizenship Behavior Questionnaire, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (1981). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient, regression and one way ANOVA using SPSS 18 software.

 The findings of the present study regarding the relationship between life skills with burnout of English teachers as well as organizational citizenship behavior with burnout of English language teachers are inconsistent with previous research in some components.

The results showed that there is a significant relationship between life skills and citizenship behavior (r = 0.91, p <0.01) and also between sub-components. But in some subscales such as fairness with creative thinking (p> 0.05 and r = 0.26) there is no significant relationship.

wife abuse as a dysfunctional procedures, it is the matter of concern as hidden damage and serious fulmination against women. Therefore the aim of this study is prediction of acceptance wife abuse based on helplessness, and body image on women. The design used in this study is a descriptive post-event and correlation study. The statistical population of this study consisted of women referring to forensic medicine within 6 months from Esfand 96 to Shahrivar 97, among which 400 women were selected by convenience sampling method. Data were analyzed using concurrent regression. The result showed that helplessness %23 and body image %1/3 can predict the variance of wife abuse. In the other words the more helplessness adoption of spouse abuse in person rises. Therefore each of these variables can play a main role in accepting wife abuse in women and the women with these personality may be more vulnerable to damage, so considering the role of each variable in wife abuse it can be used to prevent this problem in intervention and treatment even premarital counseling.

Sleep disorder is a common problem in adult quality of life, especially in patients with hypertension, which affects their physical and mental health. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the factors related to sleep disorders in the quality of life of the sample.

The present study is a descriptive-analytical study on the quality of life of people with essential hypertension. The statistical population of this study included all patients with hypertension residing in Mashhad in order to conduct a study on 125 patients with major hypertension referred to specialized clinics and physicians' offices specialized in this field by non-random sampling method. were chosen. Participants were assessed through a research instrument including the Petersburg Sleep Quality Questionnaire (PSQI) and the 36-item Quality of Life Questionnaire (SF-36), and then the data were analyzed using Pearson correlation. The following is SPSS software.

According to the findings of the study, it was found that high blood pressure in those affected in these physical, psychological and environmental domains generally decreases and decreases the quality of life. To women. Married people are also more likely to have sleep disorders due to their greater responsibility in life. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the economic status has a significant effect on the quality of sleep in people with hypertension, so that the higher the welfare index in their lives, the higher the quality of sleep. According to the findings of the study, socioeconomic status had a greater impact on sleep quality in hypertensive individuals.

Overall, the quality of sleep and hypertension are severely affected by lifestyle, and people with hypertension may have sleep disorders.

purpose of this study was to investigate the role of emotional regulation in exam anxiety and social problem solving abilities  in students.

For this purpose, 306 students from payam noor university of Rafsanjan were selected by simple random sampling and included Graz's emotional regulation questionnaires And Roemer (2004), Sarasons's exam anxiety Inventory (1960), Drozila social problem solving abilities Questionnaire (2002) Finally, 215 complete questionnaires were analyzed.

the results of the research showed that emotional regulation predicts students' exam anxiety and their impact is positive; in other words, the lack of acceptance of emotional responses, the difficulty in controlling, Lack of awareness, difficulty in doing behavior, limited access to emotional adjustment strategies and lack of emotional excitement, student outsourcing. Also, emotional regulation predicts students' social problem solving abilities  and their negative impact

in other words, the lack of acceptance of emotional responses, difficulty in controlling, lack of awareness, limited access to emotional adjustment strategies and increased emotional non-exertion, decreases students social problem solving abilities.

Given that people with drug abuse have become one of the most important and widespread concerns of human societies today, it is becoming increasingly common for people with drug abuse to become familiar with personality traits. They can provide prevention and treatment for these people in the community, so this study aimed to compare personality traits, attachment styles, and metacognitive beliefs in substance abusers and normal people.

The method of this study is descriptive-analytic-causal-comparative. The sample consisted of 150 individuals, 75 normal people and 75 addicts who were selected by convenience and non-random sampling by referring to addiction treatment clinics. Measurement tools included the Five-Factor Personality Inventory (NEOPI-FF), the Collins and Reed Attachment Questionnaire (1990), and the Wright-Hutton & Wells Card Metacognition Questionnaire (1997). Independent T-test and Pearson correlation were used for data analysis.

Findings of the study showed that the two dimensions of cognitive and uncontrollable thoughts were significantly different from the five dimensions of cognition in the two groups. . There was also a significant relationship between ambivalent insecure attachment style and neurotic personality traits and agreeableness.

Overall, the results showed a significant difference between personality traits, attachment styles and metacognitive beliefs in substance abusers and normal people.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of life skills training (self-awareness and effective communication) on the self-efficacy and low self-esteem of primary school students.

The research method is experimental with pre-test and post-test with control group. The statistical population of this study consisted of the second year students of elementary schools in Bashahrad city in the academic year 1398-1989. The instruments used were Gambryl and Ritchie Expression Questionnaire and Chick-Briggs Shyness Questionnaire. The research sample was selected by stage cluster random sampling method and then 40 subjects were randomly selected from 3 schools and two classes in each school and from 6 randomly selected classes in two groups of 20 students and control. 20 students were replaced. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance.

The results showed that training life skills (self-awareness and effective communication) with regard to variable mean of Existence of the experimental group and also of the control group mean increase the Existence of the Expermental group. Also, the mean of the experimental group decreased the likelihood of the test group to the mean of the control group.

Therefore, life skills training (self-awareness and effective communication) has an impact on increasing self-esteem and decreasing self-esteem.

The aim of this study is to investigate the mediating role of Perfectionism between two types of Narcissism (Grandiose and Vulnerable) and Social Avoidance.

The study was cross-sectional and correlational. The sample consisted of 400 students who were selected by available and non-random method. Participants completed the Social Phobia Scale (Connor et al, 2000), the Brief version of Pathological Narcissism (Schoenleber et al, 2015) and the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (Hewitt and Flett, 1991). Data were analyzed through Structural Equation Models (SEM) method and by SMARTPLS software version 2.

Results showed that perfectionism has the mediating role between vulnerable narcissism and social avoidance. So that people with vulnerable narcissism with perfectionism characteristics also show more social avoidance.

In some cases, social avoidance may come with vulnerable narcissistic traits and understanding the narcissistic personality traits helps with treatment of the chronic symptoms of social avoidance.

Group game therapy techniques along with individual techniques has a special place in the mathematical disorder treatment. The purpose of this study is to determining effectiveness group game therapy techniques on the mathematical disorder treatment on second and third grade elementary students in the 97-98 academic year.

this research has been done as an applied research context and it was an experimental kind with pre-test and post-test design that has experimental and control groups. Among students with mathematical learning disorder (introduced by schools), thirty people were selected by simple random sampling and they were divided into experimental and control groups. Both groups received 15 intervention sessions game therapy; with this difference that implementation of the intervention for the experimental group was performed in a group way and for the control group was performed individually.  Data before and after the intervention were collected using the mathematical academic performance test researcher-made. For data analysis multivariate covariance analysis was used.

the research results showed that group game therapy techniques on mathematical learning disorder treatment has a positive effect (001/0> p).  Also group game therapy techniques compared with individual game therapy techniques does not have more impact on the process mathematical disorder treatment (419/0> p).

These results contains important implications for ministry of education and expert planners in learning disorders centers to treatment and mental health of students these results also can used to reduce costs in individual treatments and pay attention to group therapy.

The purpose of this study was to determine the general health of veteran athletes based on quality of life components.

The research method is descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of this study consisted of all Iranian veteran athletes in 1396. The sampling method was multistage cluster random sampling. According to Morgan table, the sample size was 384 and a total of 390 questionnaires were collected. For data analysis, one-sample t-test, Friedman, Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression coefficient and SPSS software version 22 were used at the significant level of 0.05.

The results showed that the general health status of veteran athletes is above average but the quality of life of veteran athletes is lower than average. The components of quality of life, physical, mental, and social subscales are strong predictors and predictors for public health variables, and environmental subscales are poor predictors for general health of veteran athletes (P≥0.001).

It seems that quality of life and all its components can be directly related to public health and all its components.

The objective of this study was  assess the efficiency of metaphorical stories and literal instructions on attention and response control in 10-12 years old children with Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder.

This research is a quasi-experimental design with pre-test, post-test - follow-up with control group. Participants were selected from 10 to 12 year-old clients of Shiraz education counseling centers who had been diagnosed by a psychiatrist with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder. Initial sampling was done according to the available sampling method (diagnosed by a psychiatrist and a psychologist) and was randomly divided into 4 groups of 8 subjects. Three groups of children received verbal intervention in three different ways, including metaphorical stories with musical backgrounds, metaphorical stories without musical backgrounds and simple verbal instructions during 6 sessions for a month and a half. After performing the interventions, data were analyzed by SPSS 23 software using one way ANOVA and two-way repeated measures analysis of variance.

Attention and response control scores significantly increased in all experimental and control groups; however there were no significant differences among 4 groups with various intervention methods.

This study shows that all verbal and nonverbal interventions in groups help children to increase their attention and response control, although there is no significant differences between experimental and control groups. According to increase attention and response control scores in all groups, it seems that being a member of a small group can help ADHD children to improve their attention and response control.

Primary insomnia is a complaint of inadequate or non restorative sleep with difficulties in initiating and maintaining early morning sleep and wakefulness, without significant comorbid psychiatric disorder and physical illness. Until now, different treatments have been used for this disorder and with different results. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of theta binaural beat to alter brain wave activity in primary insomniacs.

This study was a clinical trial with experimental group receiving theta binaural beat, and control, receiving white noise. The population community consisted of all people with primary insomnia in Kermanshah. In this study, electroencephalography was used to record brain waves and insomnia severity index questionnaire to screen people with insomnia.

Theta binaural beat (in the experimental group) affected all brain lobes compared to pre-test (first block) in changing theta absolute power activity (P< 0.05). However, white noise was not affected in any of the brain lobes (P> 0.05). The theta binaural beat was higher in the temporal and parietal regions than in the other brain areas, whereas the prefrontal and posterior regions had the least significant change in the absolute power of the theta activity.

Theta binaural beat through entrainment can alter the pattern of brain waves in primary insomniacs and may possibly influence information processing and relaxation when trying to fall asleep.

The purpose of this study was to model the structural relationships between executive functions and psychological flexibility and beliefs of disease in adaptation to disease and psychological health in cardiovascular patients.

The design of this study was correlation using structural equation model. The statistical population of the present study was people with cardiovascular disease (coronary artery disease) referred to Shahid Gholipour Hospital in Bukan. The sample size was 300 people selected by purposeful sampling. To collect the data, a defect questionnaire was used in Barclay executive functions, health beliefs questionnaire, acceptance and practice questionnaire, cognitive blend questionnaire, psychological adjustment with sickness scale, and Psychophysical Health Scale. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data using the least squares and minor components. The data were analyzed using the second version of SmartPLS software.

The results of the measurement model of each of the variables showed that some of the markers had a weak factor load on their current variables and, therefore, they were discarded from the model and the model was re-tested. In the structural model section, the results also showed that the predicted variables (Executive functions, psychological flexibility, and beliefs of the disease) are able to explain 51% of variance of disease-compatible and 33% mental health; variables that predict functional functions and psychological flexibility can predict 60% of disease beliefs among cardiovascular patients.

Finally, the analysis of structural equations showed that latent variables of prediction (executive functions, psychological flexibility and disease beliefs) are capable of explaining 51% of variance of disease compatibility; in addition, predictive variables (executive functions, psychological flexibility and beliefs of disease ) Has the ability to predict 33% mental health, and the variables predicting functional functions and psychological flexibility can predict 60% of the beliefs of the disease among cardiovascular patients. These findings indicate that the model is capable of explaining a relatively high percentage of variance of intrinsic latent variables.

Infertility with a wide range of psychological disorders including decreased quality of life, self-esteem, sexual, emotional and social satisfaction, increased levels of stress, anxiety, depression, anger, low self-esteem, inadequacy, sexual dysfunction, and associated marital problems. Art therapy is one of the methods that can be used to treat mental health problems. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of theater therapy on general health of infertile women.

This study is a randomized clinical trial with control group. To select the sample size from health centers of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Samen center was selected and available among 30 primary infertile women aged 18-49 years from October to December 2016 and randomly assigned in two Experimental group (15) and control (15) were assigned. The research tool was Goldberg and Hiller General Health Questionnaire which was completed by two groups. The experimental group performed 8 sessions of theatrical therapy and then after the sessions the questionnaire was again administered to the two groups. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data and was calculated by SPSS software.

Considering that in the General Health Questionnaire the high scores of the three subscales of physical symptoms, anxiety and sleep disorder and severe depression and the low score of social dysfunction subscale indicate disease, the data of the experimental group mean in some subscales. The first scales decreased (11.3 / 10.3, 14.7) and increased in the social dysfunction subscale which may indicate the potential impact of an independent variable (theater therapy) on public health. Persons in the experimental group (infertile women). Whereas in the control group the averages increased in the first three subscales (14.4, 14, 13.5) and decreased in the social dysfunction subscale . The results of multivariate analysis of covariance (p <0.05) showed that the main hypothesis of our research was that the effect of theater therapy on general health of infertile women was significant.

Theater therapy is an appropriate way to increase the general health of infertile women and reduce physical symptoms, anxiety and sleep disorders and social dysfunction and severe depression.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Emotionally Focused mindfulness-based cognitive Therapy in reducing irrational beliefs and emotional divorce of women.

The community consisted is all women in Zone 4 of Tehran in 1396, which came to the consulting centers. The sampling method was purpose-based sampling. At first on 200 women who were 25 to 40 years old, due to the lack of marital satisfaction, they visited district counseling centers in tehran, the questionnaire for the non - rational beliefs of Jones (1968) and emotional divorce of Mohammadi(1394) was implemented. And among those who scored high marks on the test of irrational beliefs and emotional divorce, 40 were selected and divided into two equal groups of experiment (20 person) and control (20 person).  Then , independent variables of the circuit were carried out on the test group and the control group did not receive any therapy. By completing the sessions, the questionnaire was supplemented with non - rational beliefs and emotional divorce by the individuals of each group.

The results of data analysis from the covariance test showed that the emotionally focused mindfulness-based cognitive Therapy decreased the irrational beliefs and emotional divorce of married women.

The emotionally focused mindfulness-based cognitive Therapy decreased the irrational beliefs and emotional divorce of married women.

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of mediating of alexithymia in the relationship between depression and marital satisfaction with gender moderation done.

The statistical society included all married teachers in the elementary school of Arvand Free Zone who were engaged in the academic year of 2017, 300 subjects were selected as sample groups through available sampling method. The tools used to measure variables in this research were: Toronto Alexithymia scale, Enrich marital satisfaction questionnaire and Beck Depression Inventory. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling method using Amos software.

The results showed that Depression has a negative and significant relationship with marital satisfaction (β = -0.28, p≤ 0.01), The direct relation between alexithymia and marital satisfaction is also negative and significant (p = -0.10, β and p0.05), There is a direct, positive and significant relationship between depression and alexithymia (β = 0.21 and p≤0.01). There is also an indirect relationship between depression and marital satisfaction through alexithymia(β = -0.02 and p≤0.01). Finally, the results showed that gender does not modify the relationship between depression and marital satisfaction.

It can be inferred that decreasing depressive symptoms in couples increases their marital satisfaction both directly and through reduced alexithymia.

Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder with impaired cognitive functions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive-compensatory training on cognitive functions of patients with chronic schizophrenia.
This quasi-experimental design was carried out using a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The population of this study was all chronic schizophrenia patients admitted to Rezaei psychiatric hospital and a sample of all women and men who were able to cooperate in Rezaei psychiatric hospital in Tehran. Samples were available and a sample size of 20 people were randomly assigned into two groups of 10 Intervention and control groups. Lastly, due to the drop in the number of subjects, the number of each group fell to seven. Then the Intervention group received Compensatory Cognitive Training (CCT) for 8 sessions. The cognitive examination of the Aden Brook Cognitive Instrument (ACE-R)) 2008) was used and the hypothesis of the research was calculated by multivariate and univariate analysis of covariance Test.
Findings showed that Compensatory Cognitive Training has improved cognitive functions (except for memory) in patients with chronic schizophrenia (P<0.05).
According to the results, the use of non-medical methods such as Compensatory Cognitive Training is recommended in improving the cognitive function of schizophrenia.

Considering the key role of executive functions in children's academic and social success, and the cognitive impairments of children with intellectual disabilities, as well as relying on the efficacy of early intervention as one of the accepted principles in the process of education and treatment of children with special needs, The purpose of this study was to develop a early intervention program based on executive functions and to evaluate its effectiveness on the neuropsychological performance improvement of children with intellectual disabilities

The method of this research is experimental with pre-test, post-test and follow-up with the control group. The statistical population of this study is all children with a low educational level of 50 to 70 students who are studying in the pre-school period of exceptional schools in Tehran. Among them, 20 subjects were selected by non-random sampling method and divided into two groups (n = 12) and control (n = 8). The data of this study, which were collected using the neuropsychological Conner's questionnaire test, were using SPSS software for analyzed  MANCOVER repeated measures test.

The findings of the present study indicate that a early intervention program based on executive functions has led to a significant increase in neurological cognitive abilities, motor sensory function, memory and learning, and executive functions among the children with intellectual disabilities. However, the program did not lead to a significant increase in language performance among these children.

According to the findings, it is suggested that executive functions should be considered as a pillar and axis of early interventions, given the great importance they play in the cognitive and social functioning of children with intellectual disabilities.

Children and adolescents learn communication skills and how to cope with life's challenges in the process of their growth and development, which is the basis of personality in adulthood. Kurdistan. This was an applied study and the statistical sample in this study was 86 persons. That are randomly selected. The instruments used were GHQ test and researcher-made questionnaire with 25 questions (Cronbach's alpha reliability and validity level 80%). Multivariate analysis of covariance with simple covariance analysis was used to investigate the spacings and then the data were analyzed by SPSS software. The results showed that the anxiety and depression subscales were significantly different and the level of depression in those who were trained was lower than those who were not trained. But the differences in the two subscales of physical disorders and social functioning were not significant. In general, life skills training was effective in secondary school students (male and female) in Kurdistan. The level of life skills of the trained students was higher than expected and the difference was significant. The study also confirmed the impact of interpersonal education training.

The purpose of this study was to identify the components of organizational culture affecting social capital Cognitive dimension in the Ministry of Sports and Youth.

The research method used was qualitative and the required information was obtained using documentary studies and interviews with experts. The statistical population of the study consisted of managers of the Ministry of Sports and Youth and academic professors. The sampling method was theoretical and interviews with the experts continued to reach the theoretical saturation (16 interviews).

In total, 5 factors influencing the social component were identified, which were identified as two general factors: synergy enhancement and self Staff flourishes. According to the findings, the factors were identified.

Finally, according to the results, it is suggested that the managers of the Ministry of Sports and Youth should focus on group work and preserve the fundamental values ​​of Sarman as one of the other strategies for changing organizational culture.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the psychological and sociological factors affecting student-teacher differences in Isfahan University of Technology in the educational process in order to find out the factors and barriers to students' social participation.

The statistical population of the study was teachers of Isfahan Farhangian University (total of 1902 Sisters and Brothers centers) among which 331 persons who had passed at least one semester were selected by stratified random sampling. Selected items were assessed using a researcher-made questionnaire on the effectiveness of (and other variables including gender, field of study and socioeconomic status on) indifference among this social intellectual. Data analysis was performed using SPSS and Amos software.

The results of this study showed that in analyzing the structural equation tables and patterns for the relationship between students' sense of effectiveness and social apathy, the standardized impact factor is -0.738 and P value of 0.003 confirms this hypothesis with confidence. At 95%, the severity of the correlation between gender with social participation and communication performance is at a moderate level, and there is a significant positive direct relationship with the field of study.

Accordin The results showed that there is a significant relationship between students 'socioeconomic status (subjective to students' social indifference but not objective and material).

Present research aimed to predicting the spiritual health based on happiness, metacognitive beliefs and subjective well-being in medical students.

This study was a cross-sectional from type of correlation. The statistical research population was medical students of universities of medical sciences of Tehran city in 2018-19 academic years. The research sample was 400 students (200 male and 200 female) who were selected by multistage cluster sampling method. Data collection tools were included the questionnaires of spiritual health (Palutzian & Ellison, 1982), Oxford happiness (Argyle & Lu, 1990), metacognitive beliefs (Wells & Cartwright-Hatton, 1997) and subjective well-being (Keyes & Magyar-Moe, 2003). Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression with enter model methods in SPSS-21 software.

The findings showed that happiness and subjective well-being have a positive and significant relationship with spiritual health of medical students and metacognitive beliefs have a negative and significant relationship with their spiritual health. Also, the variables of happiness, metacognitive beliefs and subjective well-being were able to explain 33 percent of variance the spiritual health of medical students, who the role of metacognitive beliefs was higher than happiness and subjective well-being (P<0/01).

The results indicated the role of happiness, metacognitive beliefs and subjective well-being in predicting the spiritual health of medical students. Therefore, in order to promote their spiritual health can increase happiness and subjective well-being of medical students and decrease their metacognitive beliefs through workshop.

divorce is a phenomenon which can be followed by different cognitive, emotional and psychological damages for the couples and avoiding it through applying appropriate therapeutic methods is a necessity. Therefore, the present study was conducted aiming to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive restructuring on the sense of coherence and marital interactions in the couples asking for divorce. it was a quasi-experimental study with pretest, posttest and control group design. The statistical population of the current study was the all the couples asking for divorce from 2017 to 2018 who were referred to the department of consultation at the family court in the town of Tonekabon to investigate marital problems and conflicts. 20 couples asking for divorce were selected through purposive sampling method and they were randomly accommodated into experimental and control groups (10 couples in the experimental group and 10 in the control group). The experimental group received ten ninety-minute sessions of cognitive restructuring intervention (Sasan Pour, Azizi and Dehghan Menshadi, 2016) during two-and-a-half months. The applied questionnaires in this study included the questionnaire of coding system in Iranian couples’ interaction (Sadeghi, 2010) and the scale of sense of coherence (Antononski, 1993). The data from the study were analyzed through MANCOVA method. the results showed that the cognitive restructuring has significant effect on the sense of coherence and marital interactions in the couples asking for divorce (p<0.001) in a way that this method was able to lead to the improvement of the sense of coherence and marital interactions in the couples asking for divorce. the findings of the present study showed that the cognitive restructuring can be used as an efficient therapy to improve the sense of coherence and marital interactions in the couples asking for divorce through applying techniques such as identifying the couples unrealistic beliefs, familiarity with reciprocal expectations and attending to positive features, creating the skills of empathic understanding and listening and training the skills of increasing intimacy.

Dialectical behavior therapy is one of the third wave treatments whose effectiveness in a range of mental disorders has been tested. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy on anxiety and rumination in depressed patients.

The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest design with two groups (test and control). The statistical population consisted of Naja staff referred to the consulting unit of Mashhad Samen Alaemeh Hospital in Mashhad in 1397, using a convenience sampling method of 27 depressed individuals with a cut-off score of 14 on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) and a score of equal to or above 16 in The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) was selected and randomly divided into two groups: dialectical behavior therapy of 13 subjects and control of 15 subjects. Beck Anxiety Questionnaire (1993) and Rumination Response Scale (1991) were administered to both groups before treatment. Then, dialectical behavioral group therapy was administered to the experimental group based on the therapeutic guidelines in eight sessions for four weeks and the control group received no treatment. Finally, the two groups completed the research scales. Follow-up evaluation was also performed three months after treatment.

Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to analyze the data. The findings show that dialectical behavior therapy emphasized on reducing anxiety and rumination, and the improvement observed in the experimental group was maintained at 3-month follow-up.                                             

Thus, the findings of the present study demonstrate the effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy in improving pathological rumination and reducing anxiety in depressed patients.

Abstract
Executive functions can be considered as the umbrella of cognitive and social abilities. Accordingly, executive functions such as behavioral inhibition, flexibility, information organization, targeting, and self-monitoring can provide educational and social achievement for children, however, research findings suggest that executive functions in mentally retarded children have limitations and fundamental problems . Accordingly the purpose of this study is to develop a early intervention program based on executive functions and its effectiveness on improving social developmentof Children with intellectual disabilities.
The method of this research is experimental with pre-test, post-test and follow-up with the control group. The statistical population of this study is all children with a low educational level of 50 to 70 students who are studying in the pre-school period of exceptional schools in Tehran. Among them, 20 subjects were selected by non-random sampling method and divided into two groups (n = 12) and control group (n = 8). The data of this study, which were collected using the New Version of Tehran-Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale and Social Growth Scale for Social Development (Gersham & Eliot), were using SPSS software for analyzed  MANCOVER repeated measures test.
The findings of the study indicate that early intervention program based on executive functions has led to a significant improvement
(p= 0.001) in social skills among performance of the Children with intellectual disabilities .
According to the findings, it is suggested that executive functions should be considered as a pillar and axis of early interventions, given the great importance they play in the cognitive and social functioning of children with intellectual disabilities.

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the moderating role of emotional intelligence on burnout and job stress in schoolchildren with special needs.
The statistical population of the study included all school teachers with special needs children in Karaj. The sampling method was simple cluster-stratified and random. The sample size was 206 according to Cochran formula. Data gathering tools included demographic questionnaire, Baron Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (1997), Maslach & Jackson Burnout Questionnaire (1981), and HSE Job Stress Questionnaire. All statistical tasks were performed using SPSS 24 software. In the present study, due to the small sample size and the existence of a moderator variable, the software version 2LS has been used.
Results & The results showed that burnout has an impact on job stress with variable role of emotional intelligence moderator in children teachers with special needs. Discussion and Therefore, it seems that according to the emotional intelligence moderator path coefficient (0.92) and t-value (14.37), the emotional intelligence of children with special needs teachers, weakens the effect of burnout. Turns on job stress and reduces its effect.

Abstract This study is aimed to predict addiction preparedness based on gender, age, educational hardiness and meta-cognitive beliefs in a group of Azad University students of Tehran, Iran. 
The method of this study was descriptive-correlational, and the targeted population consisted of the entire students of the Azad University of Tehran in 2016 – 2017. By usage of clustered sampling through the Azad University colleges, and by convenience sampling among students, 361 students were recruited. The analysis method was hierarchical multivariate regression analysis. Participants completed a battery of Questionnaires including Zargar addiction preparedness, Meta-cognitive and Educational Hardiness Scale. 
Age was positively correlated with educational hardiness in students. Adding to this, age was negatively correlated with metacognitive beliefs and addiction preparedness in students, such that higher ages, were associated with lower likelihood of addiction and lower levels of metacognitive beliefs. Results of hierarchical multivariate regression showed that both meta-cognitive beliefs and educational hardiness could significantly and negatively predict 6 percent of the addiction preparedness, whereas gender and age could not significantly predict the inclination of addiction in our participants.
Compared to age and gender, Cognitive and personality factors can be more important constructs in prediction of addiction and should be prioritized in conceptualizing therapeutic or preventive interventions.

The purpose of this study was to explain the causal model of job counselors' promotion of job based on the ability of job adaptation to mediate organizational support in Tehran schools.

This research is a descriptive survey and on the other hand, due to the analysis of internal relationships among the components, factor analysis is a correlation method. The statistical population includes all school counselors of Tehran city in the academic year of 1997-97 with 851 students who were selected by simple equation and stratified random sampling based on structural equations hypothesis. The tools used were: Savikas Job Adaptation Ability Questionnaire 20 (2005), Edwards & Kyle Patrick (20) Job Attachment Questionnaire (1987), and Sai et al. (2015) Organizational Support Questionnaire. Conventional descriptive statistics and inferential statistics such as Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, correlation matrix, confirmatory factor analysis, structural equation modeling were used to analyze the data using SPSS24, LISRELL software.

The results showed that job adaptability with 0.23 and organizational support with 0.51 explained the job attachment of consultants and also explained job adaptability with 0.32 of organizational support.

The results also show the direct effect of job adaptation ability and its indirect effect through mediating organizational support on job attachment.

The purpose of this study was to compare the stereotypical behavior, self-concept and socialization of mixed and non-mixed elementary school students in Shavour district.

The research method was causal comparative. The statistical population of this study consisted of students from mixed and non-mixed elementary schools in Shavur district. Would give. The data were collected using Bale's social adjustment questionnaire, Bam's gender role questionnaire and Yi Yen Chen self-concept questionnaire. Two way analysis of variance was used to analyze the data.

The results showed that there was a significant difference between gender, self-concept and socialization of male and female students.

In addition, the results of the table show that there is a significant difference between gender, self-concept and socialization of mixed and non-mixed school students (P<0/001).

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of individual learning model on self-efficacy and academic achievement of second grade elementary students in Sangar.

This is an experimental study. The statistical population of the study consisted of all male and female students of second grade in Sangar elementary school. Sixty subjects were selected by simple random sampling method, 30 in experimental group and 30 in control group. After the pre-test, the experimental groups were provided with the necessary training and then the post-test was performed for all groups. Data were collected using Morgan and Jinks academic self-efficacy questionnaire (1999; 77% reliability and students' academic achievement scores). Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance.

The results showed that after adjusting the scores, the experimental and control groups differed in post-test academic achievement and academic self-efficacy.

The results of the study showed that individual learning model training is effective on students' academic self-efficacy and academic achievement.

This study examined the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on clinical symptoms and impulsivity in mothers of children with oppositional defiant disorder was conducted.

This study was a semi-experimental (Pretest- post test plan the unequal control group) and to the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) based on clinical symptoms and impulsivity of mothers of children with oppositional defiant disorder. the study population included all mothers of children 6 to 12 years old with oppositional defiant disorder in the city of Mashhad in 2016, that 24 of them voluntarily selected by convenience sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (12 people). in this study, used a DASS-21 to measure clinical syndrome and impulsivity scale to measure impulsivity. after the formation of groups, was conducted. (ACT) in 8 sessions of 90 minute. upon completion of the training program, from both groups were post test. Data for the analysis of covariance was used.

Data analysis showed that "act" reducing clinical symptoms (depression, anxiety and stress) and impulsivity among children with oppositional defiant disorder (P>0/05).

The results indicate that acceptance and commitment therapy is effective on clinical symptoms and impulsivity in mothers of children with oppositional defiant disorder.

Nowadays, trust is a vital factor for individual, organizational and social success and is considered as the main source of soft and effective power production in hard power diffusion coefficient. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate trust-based behavior with respect to increasing public trust in sports elites.

The present study is a mixed type (qualitative-quantitative) research method. Non-structured, semi-structured interviews as well as structured interviews were used. The statistical population included in the qualitative part 15 sport elites of the country and in the quantitative part there were 242 coaches, experts, elites and specialists of the Ministry of Sport. The research instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire based on interviews with all coaches, experts, senior and specialists of the Ministry of Sport, the Olympic Committee and the country's sports elite. Its validity was confirmed by several professors and experts. The reliability of the research instrument was obtained using Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.832. The Komogorov-Smirnov test was performed to investigate the natural distribution of data, exploratory factor analysis using spss software version 24, confirmatory factor analysis using LISREL software.

The results showed that all factor loadings were higher than 0.05 indicating convergent validity. Also, the values ​​of the indices were above 0.9, indicating good fit to the model.

Findings indicate that public trust is related to macro level factors rather than micro level. An individual's assessment of the status of society is the most important factor affecting their level of public confidence.

Sport is often recognized as a fair play area where opportunities are equal for all. Physical education experts have noted that the reason for the delinquent behavior and social deviance of some people is in fact the lack of opportunities to teach them sports and play games in a accepted way.

In this study, the relevant principles are reviewed. The results of the literature review have shown that exercise can be effective in reducing crime and delinquency. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of physical health, mental health, non-return to prison, reduction of violence, group participation, on changing prisoners' style. The relationships between variables were tested using 372 inmates and smart.pls software.

The results showed that group exercise had a significant effect on physical health. Group sports also have a significant effect on non-return to prison. Venice has an impact on reducing the violence of prisoners.

Group exercise has a significant effect on mental health. In sum, it can be said that the variables studied influence the lifestyle of prisoners.

A look at the evolution of the world shows that in the last three decades, women's fertility has undergone a shift so that, according to Giddens, "among the changes that are taking place nowadays, the importance of none is as great as that of individuals' personal lives. It includes sex, emotional life, marriage and family going on".

The research is a correlational survey that 135 married female students aged 20-50 years were randomly selected by stratified sampling method. Data collection tools included two questionnaires of Social Development and Renovation (MSDQ) and Fertility and Infertility Changes Questionnaire.

It showed that there was a significant relationship between all the subscales of the predictor variable and the criterion variable, with the mean being upward. Its direction was negative and indirect. The emotional neutrality subscale had the highest correlation coefficient among all subscales (-0.61). In the two-variable regression analysis, individualism subscale (-0.53) explained the most amount of criterion variables. Condusions: The relationship between social modernization and fertility, infertility, as shown in this study, is an inverse one, namely in the deprived areas of Golestan province and in rural areas far from the possibilities of this relationship. Areas of prosperity and development, close to downtown and larger cities, are witnessing lower population growth. Therefore, in order to achieve a desired level of fertility in society, measures must be taken to effectively influence women's attitudes toward fertility, especially in educated people with regard to social modernization factors.

Academic performance is an important indicator in assessing the success of the educational system,which promotion this considered to be the priorities of the educational system. Therefore, identifying the effective factors is important. Accordingly, present study was conducted with the aim of predicting academic performance of students based on adjustment (academic, emotional and educational adjustment) and personality traits.

The design of this research was descriptive-correlational. By the cluster sampling method, 360 undergraduate students of University of Kashan (5204 students) were selected in the academic year of 96-97. In order to collect data, Sinai and Singh's adjustment questionnaire and Hexaco Personality Inventory and to assess the academic performance, mean scores were used.

The results of data analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between academic performance and adjustment(r= -0/16 , p< 0/05), academic adjustment(r= -0/28 , p< 0/01) and social adjustment(r= -0/10 , p< 0/05), agreeableness(r= 0/11 , p< 0/05) and emotionality(r= 0/10 , p< 0/05). The results of regression analysis showed that academic adjustment is the strongest predictive variables in the predicting academic performance. Also, the results of regression analysis showed that agreeableness and emotionality played a greater role in predicting academic performance.

According to the findings of this study based on relationship between adjustment and personality traits with academic performance, it is necessary in educational interventions and counseling, the level of adjustment and personality traits should be considered by educational psychologists and counselors.

The purpose of this study was to present a model for predicting emotional divorce based on emotional literacy, coping styles, quality of life, and emotion-seeking through mediating emotion regulation.

The purpose of this study was descriptive-correlational in terms of purpose and structural model approach. A total of 350 women were selected from the community of married women employed in public primary schools in Tehran. Data were collected using Gutman's Emotional Divorce Questionnaire, Varouchrion's Quality of Life, Lazarus-Folkman Coping Styles, Zuckerman's Emotionalism Questionnaire, Iranian-Iranian Chemical Family Functioning Questionnaire, and Graz's Emotion Regulation Difficulty Questionnaire.

Regression tests showed that emotional literacy and quality of life had a negative effect on emotional divorce. Emotional seeking, emotion regulation, and avoidance style have a positive impact on emotional divorce. Emotional literacy with -0.37 has the greatest impact on emotional divorce. Indirect effect coefficients mediated by emotion regulation show that avoidance and avoidance-avoidance have a positive effect on emotional divorce. Confrontation, social support, quality of life, and responsibility have indirect negative impact coefficients, which means that they have a negative impact on emotional divorce mediated by emotion regulation. The two variables of avoidance-avoidance and quality of life have both direct and indirect effects on emotional divorce.

There is a relationship between emotional literacy, coping styles, quality of life, and emotion-seeking with emotional divorce that can mediate this relationship.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of using virtual social networks with the mediating role of quality of life on general health of veteran and disabled athletes in Iran.

The research method is descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of this study consisted of all veteran and handicapped athletes of Iran in 1977. The sampling method was multistage cluster random sampling. According to Morgan table, the sample size was 384 and a total of 390 questionnaires were collected. A researcher-made questionnaire on the use of virtual social networks, Roland et al (2006) and Goldberg General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using one-sample t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression coefficient and SPSS software version 22 at the significant level of 0.05.

The results showed that there is no significant relationship between virtual social networks and public health, but the mediating effect of quality of life in the causal relationship between social networks and public health is significant (P≥0.001).

It seems that social networking as a supporter and enhancer can improve the quality of life and consequently promote public health.

Studies in Iran show that 0.2% of children and adolescents under 15 suffer from cancer. Having a child with cancer, the family is facing a lot of challenges for the mother and causes parents to spend a lot of energy and money on the child. In many cases, the pressure from child care seems to increase to the extent that the mental health of parents has undergone a destructive change and, as a result, affects the care of these children. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of group-based schema therapy and Mindfulness-based stress reduction program on the resilience of mothers of children with cancer.

This quasi-experimental design was a pretest-posttest with control group. The statistical population of this study was all mothers of children with cancer in Taleghani Children's Hospital of Gorgan during the first half of 1397, 30 mothers were selected by available sampling method and randomly assigned to two groups of test and one control group. Based on the protocol developed Experimental groups participated in Schema Therapy sessions (12 sessions) and Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction Program (8 sessions). Control group subjects received no treatment or intervention. The research tool was a questionnaire of 25 questioners by Conner and Davidson (2003). Data were analyzed using SPSS software, descriptive statistics and one-variable covariance analysis.

The findings of this study showed that the F value for the resilience variable at the post-test stage at the significant level P

Asthma as a physical illness is affected by psychological problems. The purpose of this study was to investigate the activity of the behavioral brain system and defense mechanisms in asthmatic and normal individuals.

In this study, 50 patients with asthma referred to specialist clinics and physicians' offices were selected by convenience and non-random sampling method with 50 normal and non-normal subjects. Patients were compared. Participants through the Research Assessment Tool included the Defense Mechanism Scale (DSQ) (1993), Andrews et al., And the Gray-Wilson Personality Questionnaire to assess brain behavioral activity. Data were analyzed using independent t-test. Data were analyzed by SPSS16 and LISREL8 / 54 software using multivariate analysis of variance and path analysis.

Patients are higher in the dimension of shaving than healthy individuals, the results of the table also show in other aspects of inverse reaction, return to displacement, denial with, fantasy with exaltation, conversion with, and rational justification. Significant differences were found between the two groups in both variables (P

Research has shown that mother-child interaction between the child with ADHD and the mothers is impaired. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of an acceptance and commitment education program on mother-child interaction of mothers with children with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder.

In this study, a quasi-experimental and pretest-posttest design with a control and three-month follow-up was used. The statistical population of this study consisted of all mothers with children with ADHD in Marand. From this population, 40 individuals were selected by convenience sampling and were randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. The Robert Mother-Child Interaction Questionnaire (1961) was administered in three stages of the study. Eight sessions of acceptance and commitment training were administered to the experimental group. The findings were finally analyzed using SPSS software version 23 and repeated measurement test.

The results of repeated measures and post hoc tests showed that acceptance and commitment based training on improvement of acceptance interaction style, modification of hypersensitivity interaction style, facilitation interaction style and exclusion interaction style of mothers with children with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder The effect of training program has been consistent over time (p≤0/001).

Acceptance and commitment training affects mother-child interaction Mothers of children with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder, so counselors and psychologists can use this approach to improve mother-child interaction.

This study investigates nursing students' attitude toward marriage and divorce and its relationship with the components of family social atmosphere. The purpose of this study was to investigate nursing students 'attitude toward marriage and divorce and its relationship with the components of social atmosphere in the family so that we can provide a proper explanation for these students' attitude toward marriage and divorce.

The population of this study was all students of nursing school of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (166 students). Due to the small sample size of the population, all of the population were selected through census sampling. And the tools of this research are: family social climate questionnaire, marriage attitudes and divorce questionnaire. Correlation method was used for data analysis.

The results showed that there is a significant correlation between students' attitude toward marriage and divorce and its relationship with the components of family social atmosphere.

Considering the important role of marriage and the negative impact of divorce on human life, studying attitudes toward marriage and divorce and its relationship with the social atmosphere of family plays an important role in identifying the factors of failure and success in marital life.

Food craving is a strong and most uncontrollable desire to eat. some new evidences suggest that changes in cortical irritability cathode and anode could be effective in reducing food craving. The aim of this research assess the effect of these methods; transcranial Direct Current Stimulation(tDCS), dietary and combination of them on food craving in women with level one two obesity.

46 women with level one and two obesity volunteer from Ra clinic were assigned to one control (Sham t DCS) and tree experimental (t DCS, dietary and combination of these method) groups. All participants age, height, weight and physical and psychological disorders were recorded. Then they completed Food Craving Questionnaire(FCQ) before and after the treatment. They received 10 treatment session based on the plane of the group they were in.

The result of Covariance Analysis showed that tDCS and the combination of tDCS and dietary significant reduced the score of FCQ questionnaire in obese women. We didn't see any significant change in FCQ 'post test results in group who received food dietary.

According to the results of this research it seems that we can use tDCS and combination tDCS with dietary to reduce food craving in obese women.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of short-term dynamic psychotherapy on anxiety, depression and happiness in women with generalized anxiety disorder.

In this study, a quasi-experimental method with pretest and posttest with control group was used. Using convenience sampling method, 40 women with generalized anxiety were selected from the community of women with generalized anxiety in district 1 of Tehran city and were randomly divided into two groups of control and experimental. First, anxiety, depression, and happiness were administered to both groups, followed by a short-term, 8-session intervention psychotherapy intervention for the experimental group. Correlation was analyzed with the results.

The results showed that short-term dynamic psychotherapy had a positive effect on decreasing anxiety (p≤0.001) and depression (p≤0.001) and increasing happiness (p≤0.001) in women with generalized anxiety. Meaningful.

Short-term dynamic psychotherapy can be used to reduce anxiety and depression and increase happiness as a result of improving the mental health of women with generalized anxiety.

The present study aimed to develop a structural model of psychological well-being based on optimism and resilience.

The research method was correlated with the structural equation modeling approach. The study population consisted of postgraduate students (Masters and PhD) in Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch of Tehran, 358 of whom participated in the study. They answered the questionnaires of optimism, resilience, and psychological well-being. The reliability and validity of the instruments were confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient and confirmatory factor analysis. Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling with AMOS software were used for data analysis.

The results showed that the presented structural model has a good fit; the effect of optimism (t = 2.54) and resilience (t = 2.54) on the psychological well-being was positive and significant. The results also show that the correlation coefficient of optimism with resilience (r = 0.50) and psychological well-being (r = 0.48) is positive and significant at the 0.01 level.

Students' psychological well-being is predictable based on optimism and resilience.

Addiction is a multifaceted problem affecting many interpersonal and interpersonal factors. The purpose of this study was to predict addiction readiness based on personality traits and cognitive emotion

This study was a correlational study in which 5 students (1 male and 2 female) were selected by cluster random sampling and completed Identification Questionnaires for Addicts, Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, Big Five Personality Questionnaire. Short form. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (stepwise regression) using SPSS v.22 statistical software.

The results showed that there was a significant correlation between personality traits and Cognitive emotion regulation with tendency to addiction, and explained Cognitive emotion regulation variables 0.8% and personality dimensions 4.8% of addiction variance.

According to the findings of this study which showed the predictive role of personality traits and cognitive emotion regulation in prediction of addiction tendency, it is necessary that in the field of substance dependency prevention, students' education on basic personality traits and emotion regulation more than Notice in advance.

Eating disorder is one of the eating and eating disorders. Overeating is a method of relieving or escaping negative and unwanted emotions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of interpersonal and interpersonal factors in predicting overeating disorder in women.

This study is a retrospective descriptive-correlation study. The study population consisted of all female students attending Mohaghegh Ardabili University during the academic year of 1997-96. Perceived Cultural-Social Pressure Scale:. Ideal slimming internalization scale. Physical Fitness Questionnaire - Self-esteem Scale of Fear of Negative Evaluation (Short Form): Eating Scale: Evaluated.

The results of the analysis indicated that among the variables studied, body image dissatisfaction, community pressure to lose weight, and low self-esteem were more likely to contribute to women's binge eating disorder.

The pressures and criticisms for slimming in and out of the body always push the individual to have an ideal body. The dissatisfied person with certain standards of desirable appearance as a result of these pressures will experience impaired self-esteem and negative emotions and will continue to be dissatisfied with his or her body image. Consequently, overeating may be a way to control emotions to manage these negative emotions.

purpose of this study was to present a structural model of predicting social participation based on self-efficacy, social identity, resilience with the mediating role of hope.

The present study was applied in terms of purpose and in terms of method, in correlation with the structural model approach. 303 people were selected from the staff of a public corporation using simple random sampling and Research questionnaires included social identity (Jenkines, 2008), hope (Schneider et al., 1991), resilience scale (Connor & Davidson, 2003), self-efficacy (Scherrer, 1982), and social participation (Dorostkae, 1979). Pearson correlation test, multivariate regression test and confirmatory factor analysis were used to fit the research measurement model.

The results showed that hope, social identity, resilience and self-efficacy had a direct effect on social participation (p≤0.005). Also, social identity, resilience, and self-efficacy with the mediating role of hope influence social participation (p≤0.005).

There is a relationship between emotional literacy, coping styles, quality of life, and emotion-seeking with emotional divorce that can mediate this relationship.

Sexual orientation is the level of sexual, emotional attraction and romantic love to another person, and someone who this orientation in his or her is toward the people of same sex, is homosexual. Homosexuals experience many challenges, and suicide rates have always been high in them. Therefore, it is important to identify the underlying causes of suicide in homosexuals. So the purpose of this research was to forecasting suicide ideation based on mental health in homosexual men.

The method was correlational and participants included gays who went to counseling center in 1398 and 200 out of them were chosen as a research sample through the available sampling method. Research instruments included Beck Suicide Scale Ideation Questionnaire and Anxiety, Depression and Stress Questionnaire (DASS-21).

There was a positive and significant correlation between depression, anxiety and stress with suicidal ideation (P