نشریه ارمغان دانش
سال بیست و چهارم شماره 5 (پیاپی 136، آذر و دی 1398)

the MYH7 and MYH7b genes have important role on heart function on other hand endurance training is a challenge for heart function, therefore the aim this study was to study The effect of endurance training[a2]  on Change of MYH7and MYH7b genes expression and left ventricular structural changes of wistar male rats.

For this purpose, 14 rats (113±20 gram) under controlled conditions (temperature, light/dark (12:12) cycle, with ad Libitum access to food and water) were housed, after familiarization (231±24) there were randomly assigned into control (n=7) and Experimental (n=7) groups, the experimental group performed one training program (30 m/min, 50 min, 6 session per week for 14-weeks) on motorized treadmill, and then 48 hours after the end of the last session with control group were anesthetized and sacrificed, then the left ventricle of the heart was removed. Real time RT-PCR method was used to determine of expression levels of MYH7 and MYH7b genes, finally to compare of control and experimental groups means t-test was use.

endurance training significantly induced increase in ratio of heart weight to body weight in experimental group in compare with control group(p=0.005), also it was seen the increasing significantly in expression MYH7 and MYH7b genes in experimental group than control group(p=.001).

It seems the endurance training induce remodeling which showed by hypertrophy and it coincided with increasing of MYH7 and MYH7b genes expression.

Type 2 diabetes exerts oxidative and anti-angiogenesis effects on the cardiac tissue through different pathways.  The aim of present study was to investigate the effects of 4 weeks aerobic training on levels of ROS and NO and gene expression of HIF-1α and VEGF of cardiac tissue in type 2 diabetic male wistar rats.

In an experimental study, 30 male wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups, Diabetic Aerobic Training (n=10), Diabetic Control (n=10) and Healthy Control (n=10). Type 2 diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of STZ. The progressive aerobic training protocol included 4 weeks, 5 sessions per week running on treadmill at speed of 20 m/min for 60 min. The levels of ROS and NO, the gene expression of HIF-1α  and VEGF were measured. One-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc test were used to analysis the data. The significant level was set at p<0.05.  

The results showed that type two diabetes induced significant increase in ROS level (p<0.05) and significant reduction in NO level (p<0.05) and HIF-1α mRNA and VEGF mRNA (p<0.05) compared to Healthy Control group. The aerobic training caused significant decrease in ROS level (p<0.05) and significant increase in NO level (p<0.05) and HIF-1α mRNA and VEGF mRNA (p<0.05) compared to Diabetic Control group.

Type 2 diabetes causes the increase of oxidative stress in cardiac tissue and impairs the angiogenesis process in diabetic cardiac. It appears that aerobic training with reduction of ROS has positive impact on angiogenesis and it can cause the improvement of diabetic cardiac.

During intense exercise reactive species produce oxygen that results in cell damage. It seems that the use of antioxidant supplements reduces the oxidative stress caused by such exercises. Therefore the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of short-term colostrum supplementation on serum malondialdehyde levels and total antioxidant capacity induced by acute resistance in healthy men.

The statistical population of this study was all healthy students of Birjand University with age range of 20 to 24 years old. Ten of them were randomly selected as the statistical sample. The present study was carried out in a semi experimental and applied cross-sectional design with an experimental group (n=10) to control individual differences. Subjects of this research were resistance movement protocol, consisting of six movements in 10 replications with 80% 1Rm, one minute rest between the turns and two minutes of rest between the movements. The subjects were taken from the arterial vein before the beginning of the exercise program at each stage and immediately after the exercise program followed by a 12-hour fasting of 8 ml of blood. After 14 days of supplementation, resting was performed again after 5 minutes, and blood samples were taken from the subjects. From the day the protocol was administered to the subject for a period of two weeks, one day, using the powdered colostrum supplement in a dose of 20 grams that was taken with 200 ml of water. The bleeding process was repeated after two weeks of supplementation.

The concentration of malondialdehyde decreased significantly after colostrum supplementation after two weeks(p=0.001), Also serum total antioxidant capacity increased after colostrum supplementation after two weeks(p=0.007).

Due to the antoxidant properties of colostrom, and oxidative stress during sport activities and imbalance supplement to reduce and inhibition of oxidative stress.

Iran is one of the most exclusive antidote producers within the middle east. Therapeutic serum production of high quality treatment and fewer side effects have  significant impact on public health of the community. this may only be attainable if eutherian and animal health are to be provided. The use of sports activities as a nonpharmacological method will play a crucial role in maintaining and improving the health of the livestock. The purpose of this study was to investigate the result of aerobic exercises on hepatic factors (AST,ALT,GGT) in antidote production horses.  

Sixteen horses  were randomly divided into two groups of venom and venom + training  group for 22 weeks within the antidote production cycle. The exercise protocol consisted of three sessions of aerobic exercise per week, with moderate intensity. Blood samples at three totally different times: Before the beginning of the protocol, end of the 11-week period and therefore the end of the 22-week period were collected through the jugular vein and evaluated by repeated measures of variance analysis.  

Data analysis showed that 22 week aerobic exercise training in venom + training  group reduces the activity of the ALP and GGT enzyme (p=0/03) and the results showed a significant decrease in AST (p=0/02) and ALT (p=0/001) enzyme activity as a result of training compared to the control group.  

Aerobic training seems to be effective in reducing the effects of venom by reducing the levels of liver enzymatic activity in antidote producing horses

Obesity is associated with cardiovascular disease, followed by pathological cardiac hypertrophy. However, physical activity (resistance training) plays a role in modulating some of the intracellular messenger pathways associated with the regulation of pathologic hypertrophy. The aim of this study was to investigate The effect of resistance training on the expression of cardiac muscle growth regulator messenger genes in obese male rats.

 In this experimental study, 18 male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups; healthy control (n=6) and obesity control (n = 6) and resistance training (n = 6) after eight weeks of using high fat diet. Total resistance training was performed for a total of eight weeks. 48 hours after completion of the curcumin supplement protocol, the rats were dissected and their heart muscle removed. The expression of genes (AMPK, mTOR, S6K, 4EBP, COL1, COL3, AngII) was calculated using Real Time-PCR technique and the 2-∆∆CTmethod. One way ANOVA was used to determine the significance of the variables among the study groups.

The results showed that the resistance training group compared to the control group showed an increase in expression of mTOR (P = 0.068), 4EBP (P = 0.054), which was not statistically significant. On the other hand, expression of S6K (P = 0.002) AMPK (P = 0.008) increased significantly. Also, there was a decrease in the expression of collagen 1 (P = 0.225), collagen 3 (p = 0.044) Ang II (p = 0.104) and differences were statistically significant.

Muscle obesity seems to cause cardiac pathological hypertrophy and accelerate the process of heart aging, but resistance training, which is an appropriate replacement, has somewhat reduced the negative effects of obesity on cardiac function in the cardiac aging process. that replaces the proper and partly negative effects of obesity on cardiac function in the process of heart aging has been reduced.

Marital infidelity is considered to be one of the most important traumatic factors for couples and families, and it is also a prevalent phenomenon for family and marital therapists. One of the consequences of marital infidelity is rumination in the spouse affected by infidelity. The present research was conducted by the aim of investigating the effectiveness of group compassion-focused therapy on rumination in women affected by marital infidelity.

The current research was a semi-experimental study conducted by pretest-posttest and follow up with control group design. The current research population included all the women affected by marital infidelity who referred to Rastin, Aram, Taranom, and Baran psychological and counselling services centers in Gorgan, Iran, in 2019. The research sample composed of 24 women who were selected by purposeful sampling method and were put into experiment and control groups by random assignment method (12 subjects per group). Both groups were assessed using Nolen-Hoeksema and Morrow’s ruminative response scale (1991) in pretest, posttest, and follow up stages. Group compassion-focused therapy was provided in 13 120-minute sessions for participants of the experiment group. The subjects of the control groups did not receive any intervention until the end of the follow up stage. The data were analyzed by variance analysis test with repeated measures in SPSS24.

Mean and standard deviation of the scores of rumination in the subjects of the experiment group were 58.08 ± 2.84 in pretest, 52.50 ± 5.74 in posttest, and 49.50 ± 5.35 in the follow up. In the control group, mean and standard deviation of the scores of rumination were 59.08 ± 1.92 before the intervention, 57.67 ± 1.82 after the intervention, and 58.25 ± 1.96 one month after the intervention. Results of the variance analysis with repeated measures indicated that group compassion-focused therapy has significantly reduced rumination in the intervention group in posttest and follow up stages (P < 0.01, F = 21.33).

Results of the present research confirmed the effectiveness of compassion-focused therapy in reducing rumination among women affected by marital infidelity. Family counsellors and therapists can use this therapeutic model for reducing the traumas caused by marital infidelity.

Inability to control drug use is considered a core aspect of drug dependency. Part of this inability is due to cognitive biases resulting from individuals’ constant usage of drugs. The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of cognitive bias modification in real and placebo conditions on attentional bias and approach bias in opium abusers.

This study was a quasi-experimental study with pretest and posttest design and control group. 75 opium abusers in the city of Kerman were selected using purposive sampling, and were later divided into three groups with equal quotient; experiment (real), placebo and control. In order to modify cognitive bias in experiment and placebo groups, computer tasks including dot probe (to modify attentional bias) and approach-avoidance task were used. A combination of each task was implemented in every therapy session.  Real version of cognitive bias modification computer tasks were presented to the experiment group for 8 sessions and the placebo group received placebo version for 8 sessions, whereas the control group received no intervention. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance test by means of SPSS version 22.

After the interventions, findings showed that, as compared with the control (M= -3.16; SD= 73.33) and placebo (M=0.16; SD= 34.36) groups, attentional bias in experiment group (M= 28.28; 38.57) was significantly decreased, and cognitive bias modification therapy reduced cognitive bias in participants (p ≤ 0.05). placebo intervention did not prove to be effective in the reduction of attention bias. Compared to control group, approach bias in experiment and placebo groups, significant difference was observed (p ≤ 0.05).

The findings of the present study indicate the effectiveness of cognitive bias modification on attentional bias and approach bias in opium abusers, which can be used as a cheap and complementary intervention to treat addiction.

Religious orientation to examine the use of religion in the lives of individuals and mental health is also called a state of well-being in which one recognizes their abilities and can cope with normal stressors of life and is beneficial to their community. In this regard, the interaction of religion and mental health with positive psychology are concepts that contribute to one's abilities and possessions to promote public health. Students from the universities of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad province have graduated.

This study is a descriptive-analytic, correlational design study using Structural Equation Modeling, in which 1843 university students were selected by cluster random sampling. The instrument used included 5 questionnaires. After distributing the questionnaires among the students of the sample group and completing them among the students, the data were presented graphically using the structural equation modeling method, analyzing the results in tables.

The findings of this study showed that religious orientation had a significant relationship with positive psychotic components (p <0.05) and also in this study factor analysis revealed that religious orientation directly influenced the mental health of students. And it is not significant, but religious orientation has a significant effect on the components of positive psychology and these effects improve mental health.

Considering the significant relationship between religious orientation and components of positive psychology, as well as positive and meaningful direct and indirect relationship between religious orientation and mental health in university students. The culture and education of the universities should be more than desired.

Psoriasis is a prevalent, inflammatory and chronic disease which is accompanied by various psychological problems for the patient. So far, few psychological interventions have been designed and conducted for reducing mental problems and enhancing mental health among these patients. Compassion-focused therapy is a new therapeutic method which was formed with the aim of reducing self-criticism and shame in individuals. According to the fact that patients with psoriasis experience great shame due to undesirable effects of this disease on their beauty, therefore, the present study was conducted by the aim of investigating the effectiveness of group compassion-focused therapy (CFT) on internalized shame in patients with psoriasis.

In the frame of a semi-experimental study with pretest-posttest-follow up with control group design, 40 patients with psoriasis referring to the specialized dermatology clinics of Hakim Jarjani hospital and Shahid Sayad Shirazi hospital in Gorgan, Iran, in 2018, were selected by available sampling method, and then, they were assigned into two experiment and control groups (20 subjects per group). For gathering the data, Cook’s internalized shame scale was used which was completed by the subjects of both groups in pretest, posttest and one-month follow up stages. The subjects of the experiment group received eight 2-hour sessions of compassion focused therapy while the control group received no therapy until the end of the follow up stage. For analyzing the data, the Variance analysis test with repeated measures in SPSSv20 were used.

Mean and standard deviation of the scores of internalized shame in subjects of the experiment group was 77.40 ± 3.53 in pretest, 62 ± 3.37 in posttest, and 60.50 ± 3.63 in follow up. In the control group, mean and standard deviation of the scores of internalized shame was 77.25 ± 5.04 in pretest, 78.65 ± 4.20 in posttest and 76.85 ± 4.67 in follow up. Results of the variance analysis with repeated measures indicated that compassion focused therapy led to significant reduction in internalized shame among patients of the intervention group in posttest and follow up stages (P < 0.01).

According to the findings of the present research, it is recommended that compassion focused therapy would be used in specialized dermatology clinics for the purpose of reducing mental problems and improving mental health among dermatological patients.

The purpose of the research was to study the effects of Glaser's reality therapy on couples’ marital satisfaction, life satisfaction, and communication skills. The research method was semi-experimental with control group, pre-test, post- test, and follow-up test. Population included couples who referred to the counseling and psychiatric services centers of Shiraz who had marital conflicts. Among population, 30 couples were selected by convenience sampling. Then, they were randomly assigned to one of two control and experimental groups, of which size was 15 couples per group. Glaser's reality therapy training package was used for training he Glaser's reality therapy, which included 10 sessions per hour. Marital satisfaction, life satisfaction, and communication skills scales were used to collect data. MANCOVA test was used to analyze data. Findings showed that Glaser's reality therapy significantly affect all three variables including marital satisfaction, life satisfaction, and communication skills, so that the mean of the variable in post-test of the experimental group was more than the control group. Therefore, it can be generally concluded that Glaser's reality therapy is a suitable method for increasing couples’ compatibility and marital satisfaction.