مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تربت حیدریه
سال هشتم شماره 1 (بهار 1399)

The Sistan region with over 320 dry days is one of the focal points of the rainstorms, and every year the number of days with dust increases, which results in socio-economic consequences for more than 400,000 people in the region. This study investigated the social vulnerability of the population to air pollution with a different perspective.

The present study is a descriptive-analytical investigation conducted using Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) and related indices to assess social vulnerability to air pollution. The population and housing census data of 1395 were used to perform the indexing. Finally, by using Copras model and Decision Oven software, social vulnerability ratings of Sistan County cities were calculated.

Our results indicated that the three most important factors influencing SVI or social indicators are number of educated and graduated individuals, number of physicians in hospitals and hospital beds and income level. Sensitive conditions are socially vulnerable. In addition, all cities have high social vulnerability, but Hirmand and Nimroz cities still have sensitive conditions in terms of social vulnerability.

It can be concluded that population areas such as urban and rural centers are vulnerable to air pollution in terms of social vulnerability and Nimroz and Hamoon counties have the lowest social vulnerability.

Failure to thrive (FTT) is one of the most common and important health problems in children aged 6 to 12 months. Maternal behavioral factors are amongst the most critical causes of FTT in children. One of the most important theories to improve the nutritional behaviors is social cognitive theory. This study was conducted aiming to identify the determinants of maternal nutritional behavior for children 6 to 12 months with FTT based on SCT.

This analytic study applied stratified sampling to select 475 mothers of children 6 to 12 months with FTT who referred to health service centers in Torbat Heydariyeh. Data were analyzed by SPSS-24.

The mean age of mothers was 29 years and children was 8 months. Average score of motherschr('39') behaviors of 6.6± 1.8. There was a significant positive correlation between motherchr('39')s education, family income, age and weight of child with mother’s behavior (P<0.05). Regression results showed that Barrier self-efficacy, Outcome expectations and knowledge constructs had the most predictive effect on motherschr('39') behaviors with 6 to 12-month-old children with FTT(P<0.05).

Based on our findings, barrier self-efficacy, outcome expectations and knowledge constructs, can be used to promote the maternal behavior for children 6 to 12 months with FTT.

Brucellosis is one of the most common animal-to-human transmissible diseases and one of the major health problems worldwide, especially in developing countries. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of education based on Theory of Planned Behavior on preventive behaviors concerning with brucellosis in farmers.

This research is a quasi-experimental study with two groups of intervention and control. The target population of the ranch was covered by Zaveh Comprehensive Rural Health Service Centers, using multistage random sampling method, 104 individuals were selected. They were randomly divided into two groups of intervention (n=52) and control (n=52). A researcher-made questionnaire based on Structured Theory of Planned Behavior was used for data collection. Its validity and reliability were confirmed before the study. Data were analyzed using Chi-square, Mann-Whitney, Fisher tests and SPSS  24.

Demographic variables were homogeneous in both groups. Also, the mean scores of all the constructs of the theory of planned behavior in the immediately after the intervention and three months after the intervention were significantly different between the control and intervention groups (P-value <0.001).

The findings of this study demonstrate the effectiveness of the theory of planned behavior in prevention of brucellosis. According to the results of this study, the theory of planned behavior can be used as a framework for designing educational interventions to prevent and control joint diseases between humans and animals, especially brucellosis.

There have been many studies on green synthesis so far, but the parameters affecting the stability of the nanoparticle suspension have been ignored. The stability of nanoparticles over time is one of the key features for their application.

This experimental study was carried out in 2019. The effect of plant extract concentration, silver nitrate concentration, and time of sun exposure on the synthesis and stability of the nanoparticle suspension was studied. The antibacterial effects of nanoparticles were evaluated against Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia Coli).

The rapid and biocompatible green synthesis of silver nanoparticles was performed using plant extract. Increasing the extract volume from 3 to 30 ml resulted in a 3-month decrease in nanoparticle stability.

In the synthesis of nanoparticles, the best conditions for synthesis of stable silver nanoparticles were when using an extract volume of 3 ml, 1 mM silver nitrate concentration and 10 min reaction time under sunlight. The sunlight was a key factor in the synthesis of nanoparticles. These nanoparticles have good antibacterial activity against all test bacteria.

Deep heated oils produce toxins that endanger peoplechr('39')s health. The use of herbal supplements along with exercise can improve general health. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of aerobic and octapamine training on HSP70 and Caspase 3 protein in brown adipose tissue of rats received w deep heated oils.

40 male wistar rats after four weeks of feeding with heated oil were randomly assigned into control-intoxication (CI; n=8), exercise training-intoxication (ETI; n=8), supplement-intoxication (SI; n=8), supplement-exercise-intoxication (SEI; n=8), and healthy-control (HC; n=8).  The exercise-training was done for four weeks at intensity of 50-65% vo2max for 20 minutes per session. Octopamine was used as a supplement for 4 weeks and it was also used in the form of intraperitoneal injection with a dose of 81 µmol/kg for five days per week in the CI, SI, and SEI. To test the HSP70 protein by immunohistochemistry And Caspaz 3 used Western blot.

The results showed that aerobic exercise significantly reduces HSP-70 protein (P = 0.001). Octopamine intake significantly reduced HSP-70 protein (P = 0.001). However, the interaction between aerobic exercise and octopamine did not have a significant effect on HSP-70 protein concentration. Aerobic exercise significantly reduced Caspase 3 (P = 0.001). Taking octapamine supplementation significantly reduced caspase 3 (P = 0.001). Also, the interaction of aerobic exercise and octopamine significantly reduced Caspase 3 (P = 0.016).

Aerobic exercise and octopamine reduce the detrimental effects of deeply heated oils. It is recommended to use food at a temperature below 180 0C and in order to reduce the effects of toxins produced by these oils, regular aerobic exercise and octapamine supplementation would be useful.

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections that are usually treated empirically. Since antibiotic resistance may vary from region to region, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of uropathogenic bacteria isolated from urine samples received by the local hospital in Kalaleh (Hazrat Rasool hospital), northeastern part of Golestan province.

From July through September 2017, all urine samples received by the clinical laboratory at the Hazrat Rasool were analyzed for UTI. Among positive samples, uropathogenic bacteria were identified by microbiological and biochemical tests and the antibiotic resistance patterns were determined by disk diffusion method.

Out of 640 urine samples, 141 samples (22%) were positive for UTI. The isolates were as follows: Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Enterobacter cloacae, Micococcus sp., group B Streptococcus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Gram positive and Gram-negative isolates showed the highest resistance to tetracycline (71.4%) and cephalotin (85.9%), respectively. The isolates had the highest antibiotic susceptibility to nitrofurantoin (91.4%).

In our sample, the most common causes of UTI were E. coli and S. saprophyticus. Both of these bacterial agents showed highest resistance to tetracycline. Based on our findings, nitrofurantoin and amikacin could be recommended for treating UTI as the best first-choice drug.

Dust storms have detrimental effects on human health, the environment and the economy. Epidemiological research shows an association between air pollution and increased mortality from cardiovascular complications. Interleukins play key roles in production of inflammatory responses. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between PM10 and interleukin 6 in healthy individuals in Zahedan.

This study was conducted from March 2017 to October 2018. According to the climatic and geographical characteristics of Zahedan city, 4 stations were determined and sampled by environmental sampling once every 6 days, as well as on dusty days and the concentration of PM10 was measured. Also, in different conditions (clean air and polluted air conditions), the rate of interleukin 6 changes in the blood samples of 40 volunteers aged 18 to 30 years was evaluated by ELISA method.

The mean concentration of PM10 air during 7 months of study was 205.65 μg/m3. Therefore, PM10 as one of the main air pollutants in most days of this study were higher than the standard. Also, interleukin 6 plasma levels in air pollution conditions were significantly higher than the control group (P <0.05).

Due to the exacerbation of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases at a time when the concentration of Particulate matter exceeds the standard, it is important to pay attention to health and personal care programs.

The nursechr('39')s philosophical perspective affects his/her caring performance. Pragmatism is also an important philosophical thought. Pragmatism is often found in nursing texts, but few authors have discussed in depth its application in nursing. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to review the effects of pragmatism philosophy in the dimensions of knowledge, education, research, and clinical nursing.

This study was one of the types of non-systematic narrative review articles. First, using the keywords nursing, pragmatism, knowledge, curriculum, education, teaching, inquiry, research, care, care, and based on the mesh system, using "AND" and "OR" indexes, to search for ISI, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Finally, the search results included 12 books and 19 articles in the field of philosophy, philosophy in knowledge development, education, research and clinical practice of nursing and the basics of nursing.

The findings showed that nursing is described as a clinical or pragmatic profession; because pragmatism has been able to convert nursing into a pragmatic profession by influencing the process of knowledge production and development, applying it in practice, responsive education, applied research and maximum effective care and enables the nurses to contribute to the progress of humanity.

Nursing and pragmatism have many common ideological and practical goals and themes. Pragmatism seeks to replace theories or paradigms by supporting the most appropriate action for the client. However, this approach has drawbacks that need to be addressed in practice.