مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی سبزوار
سال بیست و هفتم شماره 6 (پیاپی 113، بهمن و اسفند 1399)

Malignant pleural effusion is usually secondary to a number of malignancies. The goal of the treatment of malignant pleural effusion is decrease the symptoms of the patient with the least invasive tool and the most cost-effective method. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of talc and iodine in the treatment of malignant pleural effusion.

This Retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients with malignant pleural effusion, who were treated with Talc and Povidone iodine at Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Qom and had completed a course of treatment. Demographic data and efficacy criteria for malignant pleural effusion including dyspnea, chest pain, fever, and recurrence frequency after chemotherapy were evaluated and data were analyzed by SPSS.21 software.

In this study we have 87 subjects from which 48 (55.2%) were treated with Povidone iodine and 39 (44.8%) were treated with talc. There was no significant difference between the two treatment groups in terms of sex, age and type of disease in this study (p <0.05). These cases were the same in the two groups. The findings showed that the frequency of relapse, fever, chest pain and dyspnea was significantly lower in the group treated with povidone (p <0.05). In addition, subjects with betadine treated had higher lung Expansion compared to subjects Were treated with talcum (p <0.05).

Chemical pleurodesis with povidone-iodine can be used as an alternative sclerosing affordable, accessible, safe, tolerable and effective mainly for Talc be considered.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the simultaneous and independent effects of a Rope Jumping Training course and dark chocolate consumption on anthropometric indices and omentin-1 levels in obese adolescents.

40 obese teenagers were randomly divided into four homogeneous groups: Rope Jumping Training (1), dark chocolate (2), Training + dark chocolate (3) and control (4). Subjects in the second and third groups daily consumed 30 grams of dark chocolate (83 percent cocoa) for six weeks. Also, subjects the first and third groups performed Rope Jumping Training for six weeks (40 minutes a day, 5 days a week). Before and after six weeks anthropometric indices and blood samples were taken to measure the biochemical values of the subjects.

After performing the protocol, the values of omentin -1 increased, and weight and BMI showed a significant decrease in the first, second and third groups. While the percentage of fat and WHR only decreased significantly in the first and third groups (P≤0.05). The intergroup analysis also showed significant changes in omentin -1, weight, BMI, body fat percentage and WHR in the first, second and third groups compared to the fourth group, with the most of these changes seen in the third group (P≤0.05). 

Rope Jumping Training and the use of dark chocolate independently and simultaneously improve the body composition and increase the levels of omentin-1 in obese adolescents, which results in better results at the same time.

Temperamentology is a branch of traditional Iranian medicine that scientists from this field have hypothesized in different periods of time in different areas of medicine,One of these areas is addiction.The purpose of this study was to compare the mizaj(temerament) in addicted and healthy subjects in Sabzevar city.

A randomized stratified sampling in two groups healthy and addicted in sabzevar city. Mojahidi's standard questionnaire mizaj was used for collecting data. collected data was analyzed using SPSS version 22 software.

Because of the significance level of the hypotheses greater than 0.05 and the value of T less than 1.96, it can be said that there was no significant difference between the components of warmth, moderation, coldness in the two groups, and between the components of the wetness, moderation ,dryness also There was no significant difference. In general, According to the studies there was no significant difference between the temperament of addicted and healthy people.

In the general review of the questionnaire, there was no statistically significant difference between the mizaj of addicted and non-addicted subjects. In a one-by-one questions of questionnaire review, obesity and more moisture, small palms and more feeling cold  of addicted people were significantly more than non-addict subjects.

Quality of work life is one of the most important factors that empowers human resources in healthcare system. It also improves employee’s job satisfaction. Because nursing is an important component of health care systems of a country, this survey carried out to determine relationship between vitality and Sense of psychosocial coherence with nurses' quality of work life and the role of mediating  self-differentiation.

A descriptive correlational study design was used. The statistical population of this study included all female nurses of Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad, that 155 nurses as samples of research was selected through simple random sampling. To measure the variables, Walton's quality of work life questionnaires (1999), Scorner & Friedlander self-discovery questionnaire (1999), and Antofsky's (1992) mental integrity questionnaire were used. Pearson correlation test and path analysis using Amos and SPSS22 software were used to analyze the data.

Results showed that vitality affect directly on quality of work life (0/48) and indirectly through the self-differentiation influenced on quality of work life (0/12); Should be added, psychosocial coherence not affect directly on quality of work life (-0/07) and indirectly through the self-differentiation did not affect on quality of work life (0/02). 

Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that the relationship between vitality with the quality of nurses' work life is not a simple linear relationship and self-differentiation can mediate relationship vitality with the quality of nurses' work life.

Stomach cancer and breast cancer are most common cancers in the world and in Iran. Today, the use of fungal and bacterial extractions has been interesting to cancer researchers. Rhizobium is a highly beneficial bacteria in agriculture and environment that provides the nitrogen needed for Legume family plants through coexistence with this family.

In this study, the effect of Bradyrhizobium cell extraction and its mutated type on the cancer of breast (MCF7) and stomach (AGS) was investigated.

Cytotoxicity effect of different concentration of Bradyrhizobium japonicum biomass and extract on stomach and breast cancer cells was investigated using MTT colorimetric method. Data analysis were conducted using Graphpad Prism 6.0 software and ANOVA method.

The findings showed that both wild type and mutant type of bacteria had a significant meaningful effect on both types of cancer cells and their cytotoxicity was dependent on the concentration of extract or biomass (the lowest rate was observed at a concentration of 30 and at most 480 Micrograms per ml). In most cases biomass showed a better effect than  extract.

In general, this study showed the effect of extract and biomass of Bradyrhizobium bacteria cytotoxicity on cancer cells, which could be used as a source for antineoplastic agent.

Considering the increase in the population of the youth and the discrepancy between what is taught in the educational system and what is needed in work place, there is a need to improve work conditions. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of Shafiabady's Multiaxial Pattern of Vocational Choice in the development of small- and mid-sized home-based businesses.

This research project, which is semiexperimental, was based on 40 people in the field of small and medium home-based jobs in Mashhad in 2019. Through sampling as a targeted cluster out of 10 workshops in Mashhad in two groups -- the experimental group (n = 20) and control group (n = 20) were performed. The experimental group underwent 8 group sessions for 90 minutes. Data were collected and analyzed using the standard analysis-maker questionnaire and works on the development of small and mid-sized businesses of Karimi et al. (2014) during the three stages before and after the intervention and 3 months later and using multi-variable covariance (MANCOVA) test.

The results showed that the mean scores of the components (financial and facilities, educational, managerial, communication and total factors) increased significantly in the post-test and follow-up stages compared to the pre-test (p <0.05). Also, in the support component, it showed a significant increase only in the follow-up phase compared to the pre-test (p <0.05).

As a result, the Shafiabady's Multiaxial Pattern of Vocational Choice was effective in developing small and medium-sized home-based businesses. Received

Allergic rhinitis is a more prevalent health disorder in all regions of the world. In recent years, the study on Allergic rhinitis because of its higher prevalence and its effect on development of asthma have been more attended. In this article specifically reviews Singlenucleotide polymorphism studies in allergic rhinitis disease.

In this study, the results of previous research conducted between 2005 and 2020 in the field of genetic susceptibility to allergic rhinitis have been used. Articles were collected by searching keywords Allergic rhinitis, genetic polymorphisms, single nucleotide polymorphism in the databases Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct.

In these studies, the candidate genes and the variants of single nucleotide polymorphism associated with allergic rhinitis have been investigated. The data collected in this study are the result of studies conducted in different parts of the world. The population of studies in these articles were allergic rhinitis patients.

Results showed association of several SNPs of various genes in allergic rhinitis that some of them may be useful incomprehension of AR pathophysiology finding new procedures for allergic rhinitis immunotherapy

The Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist circumference (WC) are well-used anthropometric predictors for cardiovascular diseases (CDV). Recently, two new anthropometric indices, the A Body Shape Index (BSI) and Body Roundness Index (BRI) have been developed. The main research aim is to compare BSI and BRI in healthy women and cardiovascular diseases and association between both with physical activity and anthropometric indices in middle-age and elderly women.

This cross-sectional observational study was carried out on 269 people (136 healthy women and 133 CDV) aged 40 to 70. Physical activity level was measured with IPAQ-SE and Participants divided into seven groups, based on physical activity level and CDV: CDV, active CDV risk factors, moderate active CDV risk factors, low active CDV risk factors, active healthy, moderate active healthy and low active healthy. A variety of anthropometric parameters were measured and calculated, including BSI, BRI, WC, BMI, fat mass percentage (%FM). For analyzing the data, one-way ANOVA test and Pearson correlation coefficient was used.

Significant increase for BSI (p=0/036) and BRI were observed in CDV than active healthy. In CDV, the relationship between BSI with WHR (r=0/59), physical activity level (r=-0/36) and between BRI with BMI (r=0/83), WHR (r=0/59), %FM (r=0/65) and physical activity level (r=0/22) was significant.

The present study indicated that BRI, BSI and WHR were significant higher in CDV than healthy women. In CDV, BRI and BSI correlated with more anthropometric measures. Received

Workaholism can be enjoyable, but at the same time, frustrating and problematic with positive and negative repercussions. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between workaholism and depression and anxiety levels in specialist physicians of hospitals affiliated to Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences during 2017-2018.

This correlation study, The statistical population of this study included all specialist physicians in hospitals affiliated to Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences that selected by census method. The research instruments used were Beck Depression Inventory, and Spielberger state-trait anxiety inventory, The Spence and Robbins Questionnaires also were used for workaholism. For analyzing data, SPSS-20 software and descriptive and inferential statistical methods (Correlation Coefficient, Regression) were applied.

The results indicated that there was a significant and relatively strong relation between workaholism and its components with anxiety and depression (p<0/05). Workaholism can also predict depression and anxiety (p<0/05).

The current study shows that work can be a reason of diseases if employees get addicted to it. Thus organizations should pay more attention to this fact that working hard in work place, is not always beneficial for individuals and organization both. So managers have to consider ways to prevent these dangerous consequences which can be harmful for their employee’s health.

Following the discovery and rapid spread of the COVID19and it’s epidemic, numerous studies have been published to identify, prevent and treatment focusing on the adult population. Limited information is available on children with COVID-19. According to studies, children at all ages are susceptible to infection and show different clinical manifestations in compare with adults. This study examined clinical manifestations, laboratory and radiological findings in children with COVID-19.

From March 20 until June 20, 2020, 6 children with COVID-19(based on RT-PCR), with average age of 13 years and 1 month and standard deviation of 1.81 were reported in Imam Khomeini Hospital in Esfarayen. Laboratory, clinical and radiological findings were extracted from their hospital records and reviewed by 2pediatricians and after adapting to clinical manifestations were presented in a descriptive case study.

None of the children had a history of background disease or taking medications. The severity of the disease was mild in all children. None of the patients required mechanical ventilation and hospitalization in the ICU. No deaths were reported.

In the context of the emergence of viral infectious diseases and the uncertainty of the role of children in the transmission cycle; To better understanding the disease, the patient's clinical manifestations should be considered and clinical manifestations are defined after gathering more information about cases of children. Therefore, broader studies in the field of clinical and laboratory findings of children in recognizing the disease and its impact on children and society seems necessary.

Trauma is one of the major causes of mortality with more than five million deaths and disabilities each year in the world. Looking for hospitalization and taking immediate care Patient and the tensions caused by this happen most of the patient's family is distressed, worried, and anxious. in this situation, reassurance to the family and companions of patients ,Conveying patient clinical information to relatives and providing family-based support, the ICU sector is important for nursing personnel. Given the importance of this issue, done the present study aims to Determine Effectiveness informational support of truma patients' family Accepted to entensive care unite on their Worry in the Ayatollah Kashani Hospital shahrecord at1396.

The present study was included in clinical trials and parallel studies with control and control groups.The statistical population of the study consisted of patients admitted to the intensive care unit.They randomly selected 60 people and were divided into two groups of 30 people.The instrument for measuring the questionnaire was a researcher-made questionnaire.Data analysis was performed using spss20 program and using covariance analysis test.

The results showed that Concerns before and after the sessions were significant Mean score of anxiety in the intervention group significantly decreased (p> 0.05).

In general, due to the effectiveness of information support and provide necessary support to relatives and families of patients, To reduce symptoms of anxiety and anxiety, It is suggested that, In the tense sectors such as ICU, the Family Care Unit will be deployed.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver is a fatty liver accumulation that increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, liver carcinoma and diabetes, and physical exercises can possibly reduce liver fat. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of aerobic training on high and moderate levels on serum levels of FGF-21 and PON-1 in non-alcoholic fatty liver.

To five equal groups: 1 control(healthy); 2) control(Fatty Liver) ; 3) saline; 4) high intensity exercise; 5) moderate intensity exercises. The period of exercise trainings was performed at 8 weeks, five times a week and 45 minutes in an exercise session. Serum samples were collected 48 hours after the last exercise session and at 12- hour fasting. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey test were used at the level of P

The levels of FGF-21had a significant decrease in the high and moderate intensity exercise groups than the control(Fatty Liver) (P≤0.001). Also, the levels of PON-1 had a significant increase in the high and moderate intensity exercise groups than the control(Fatty Liver) (P≤0.01), but no significantly difference between the two groups was observed.

According to the results of this study, it seems that high and moderate intensity exercise training can decrease FGF-21 and increase paraoxonase-1 serum levels which can result in reduced risk of liver diseases in rat Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) is a very good option for the treatment of coronary artery occlusion. One of the risks is bleeding from anastomotic site because of suturing disruption which is dangerous for patient. Fibrin glue (FG) is an effective tissue sealant in tissue repair. In the present time, FG has been not used routinely in CABG surgery. The aim of this review article is to evaluate the preventive effect of FG from bleeding in anastomotic site in CABG.

A systematic search in PubMed database was done from February 1999 to February 2019 with these key words: Fibrin glue, surgery and coronary artery bypass. All clinical and experimental studies, which are written in English language and about preventive effect of FG from bleeding in CABG surgery were considered.

The seventy articles were found. Seventeen articles have been used. In Clinical studies, commercial allogenic FG in eleven studies , allogenic FG from single donor in one study, autologous FG in three studies and commercial allogenic & autologous FG in one experimental study were used. Fourteen studies showed that FG is very effective to decrease the bleeding. One study reported that autologous FG can decrease the bleeding better than commercial allogenic FG. One study reported no beneficial effect of FG in decreasing of bleeding. One study reported very adverse effect of FG which caused the mortality in patients.

The use of allogenic and autologous FG is very effective in reducing of bleeding in anastamotic site in CABG.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, has become the current health concern to the entire world. Initially appeared in Wuhan, China around December 2019, it spread to almost 216 countries due to its high contagious nature, so the World Health Organization recently declared the pandemic feature of the infection. SARS-CoV-2(COVID-19) which is genetically similar to SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is an enveloped, single and positive-stranded RNA virus with a genome comprising 29,891 nucleotides, which encode the 12 putative open reading frames responsible for the synthesis of viral structural and nonstructural proteins which are very similar to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV proteins. Currently, there are no approved treatments for COVID-19.  For this reason, we reviewed existing publications about Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) regarding epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatments.

Given the various investigations on the Virus (15928 publications in MEDLINE database, Until May 26, 2020) and various clinical data generated by the large number of laboratories, clinicians need accurate evidence regarding effective medical treatments for this infection. In this review, MEDLINE, SCIENCE DIRECT and Scopus databases were searched for relevant articles.

Since the emergence of COVID-19 infection there was a large interest in the development of an effective therapy for this disease. In this review, we summarized the available literature on possible therapeutic options including in vitro, animal and human studies. This review has presented a picture of the current findings on the epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, management, and prevention of COVID-19.

The COVID-19 epidemic represents the world's biggest public health crisis. Clinical trials that have begun to look for potential treatments for COVID-19 are very high, but unfortunately have not yet led to the development of an effective drug. Thus, to overcome on this crisis preventive and coordinated emergency measures between all countries are needed.