نشریه پژوهشهای سیاسی جهان اسلام
سال دوازدهم شماره 4 (پیاپی 45، زمستان 1401)

The measure of economic growth of any country shows the standard of living and welfare of the society, therefore, access to the way to increase economic growth is considered one of the important categories for the economy of any country, which has been taken different categories into consideration for the increase in economic growth, which is one of the most important is the government. Since several decades, the category of good governance, which is synonymous with the government, it has been taken into consideration. In this research, the effect of the good governance index upon economic growth in selected Islamic countries in the period of time 2010 to 2019 has been investigated by using the panel data method. The results of the model show that the good governance index in selected Islamic countries has a positive effect on economic growth in such a way that with one percent increase in the good governance index, economic growth increases at 0.01 percent. As for the role of labor productivity and foreign direct investment in the economic prosperity of countries of economic and political policy makers to orientation of production should increase the skill of the human force and improve the ecosystem of the country's foreign direct investment, promote political and economic stability, increase efficiency and effectiveness of governments, conformation the rule of law, control corruption and increase the right of citizens to express their opinions on various matters of the country in their agenda in order to achieve desired goals and results.

The state, despite the expansion of globalization trends in recent decades, remains an indicator of political relations and analysis. The government is both old and late, but it is certainly the new home of the West. State structures in this part of the world were a response to the historical and social demands of modernity and the challenges of the transition from feudalism to capitalism. But the government, like other renewable products, left its original homeland and affected the non-world. The Islamic world has been under the influence of modernity since its neighborhood with the Western world. Traditional government in the Muslim world, like other non-Western societies, was the first focus of modernity, but in Islamic societies, due to the political nature of Islam, this confrontation took on a distinct form and nature. In this article, the government's confrontation and modernity in two Islamic societies, Iran and Egypt, have been studied from the moment of its occurrence. Confrontation of government and modernity in Iran and Egypt, so far in its history, has been considered the three preconditions of the pre-modern state, the modern state, and the post-modern state. The history of the government of Iran and Egypt has been in orbit until the formation of the national government. However, the Islamic State as a post-modern state (with a long history of desire and thought of forming an Islamic state in Egypt) is a feature of the state in Iran. The reason for this is the Shiite religion and the institutional structure of its clergy in Iran.

The Islamic Revolution of 1979 created a vast transformation in Iranian society, the politics of great powers and Islamic countries, and caused the formation of effective regional symbols in the Islamic world. The aim of the current research is to study the symbolic features of the Islamic Revolution and its reflection in the Islamic world.   Therefore, the main question of the research is how the symbolic dimensions of the Islamic Revolution were created and under what codes were they reflected in the Islamic world?
For the answer, by using the French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu's theory of symbolic sociology, an attempt was made to show with historical evidence and documents how influential symbols were created during the revolution, and in the continuation of the Islamic Republic of Iran, with the continuation of the reflection of these symbols in The Islamic world continues the discourse of the Islamic revolution. The findings of the research show that Iran's Islamic Revolution has provided the conditions for the consolidation of symbolic domination over the Islamic world by offering symbolic goods such as political Islam, martyrdom, rituals, independence and resistance. The method of the article is "descriptive-analytical research" and has been used to collect information and data through library studies.

The influence of modern ideas in Qajar era Iran gradually forced different social groups to react against this emerging cultural wave. The empirical accumulation in contemporary Iran along with the transformation that occurred during the constitutional revolution in political concepts led to the production of two general theories in facing the West and backwardness. In fact, these two theories emerged in response to three important issues of backwardness, colonialism, and tyranny. In this research, we are trying to answer the question of what is the idea of "transcendence" and what are its foundations as a competing theory of the western progressive theory in the political and social thought of contemporary Iran. Has science and epistemology benefited in the face of tyranny and colonialism? The answer to this question will be possible by identifying the angle of view, separating the cognitive factors and referring to the details of the theory of transcendence; Therefore, understanding the concepts and analyzing the trajectory of the theory of transcendence in contemporary Iranian political thought and explaining the foundations and forces affecting the formation of the theory of transcendence in the two dimensions of ontology and epistemology are among the goals of this research. In order to discuss ontology in the thought of transcendence, it is necessary to pay attention to the view of this thought about identity, Islam, the West, history and civilization. By defining and expecting these concepts, transcendental politics builds the foundation of its epistemology and by criticizing western theories, it tries to protect the independent Iranian Islamic existence against all kinds of competing intellectual systems as a grand narrative. The concepts of ontology of the thought of transcendence build their ideal model based on the criticism of three readings of religion, modernity and history.

Iran-Turkey relations have a long history. Both have a special strategic position in the region. Iran-Turkey relations are a mixture of competition and cooperation Bilateral, but stable in recent years. In general, the reason for the conflicting behaviors of these two countries can be divided into two categories. First, the two countries have conflicting views on strategic issues in the Middle East and the Caucasus. The two countries, due to the differences in the nature of their governments, try to create and maintain a balance of power with each other, and with any factor such as Iran's nuclearization or strengthening strategic relations between Israel and the United States. The present study examines the contexts and challenges of economic relations in Iran and Turkey between 2000 and 2020. The external factor includes the increase of sanctions against iran by the United States. Nevertheless, the main part of Iran's exports to Turkey, which is natural gas, is still going on ". Internal factors, such as the two countries' competition for the development of their markets in Central Asia, have benefited Iran and Turkey from bilateral trade, which has stabilized their political relations. The research findings show that despite the serious strategic conflicts between Iran and Turkey in the region, but due to the expansion of bilateral economic relations and the priority of the economy for each of these two countries separately, political tensions have not only increased.

Secularism has gradually emerged in Saudi Arabia through the process of socio-economic modernization and modernization. This process started in the 1970s and has continued until today. Although this country has a traditional and religiously conservative society and Wahhabi Islam has a lot of influence in it, secularism through its undercurrents such as liberals and the western-oriented royal family, especially Bin Salman, has somehow managed to gain influence in Saudi Arabia; The main question of the article is what are the indicators of secular identity politics in Saudi Arabia?

The method of this research is document analysis and information collection is in the form of library and interview.

With the presence of Muhammad bin Salman in the core of political power, the process of socio-economic modernization and modernization has gained more momentum in Saudi Arabia. In such a way that secularism is seriously pursued in this country by its supporters. The indicators and components of secular identity politics come out of currents such as liberals and Western-oriented monarchies.

After examining the fields, components, goals, challenges and obstacles of each flow, the findings of the article show that the indicators of secular identity politics are as follows: political indicators; 1. Loyalty to the government of the Saudi family 2. Reducing the authority and isolation of Wahhabism in society; Social indicators: 1. Emphasis on modernism and opposition to traditionalism 2. Supporting women's rights and accepting them as an independent identity 3. Fighting extremism and terrorism 4. Accepting minimal and moderate Islam and using it as a tool; Cultural indicators: 1. Development and spread of Western culture 2. Modern education system centered on peace, tolerance and tolerance; Economic indicators: 1. Transition from oil economy to economic liberalization 2. Development of urbanization, 3. Economic and social freedoms.

Turkey, with its upstream position in the Tigris and Euphrates catchments, has built 14 dams on the Euphrates and 8 dams on the Tigris. Since the main tributaries of these rivers originate in Turkey, these dams have the ability to control almost all the annual flows of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in the country. The construction of dams in Turkey has provided the ground for conflict between the countries affected by the international rivers Tigris and Euphrates with this country and among each other. The aim of this study is to explain the consequences of Turkish dams on the national security of the countries affected by the Tigris and Euphrates. This research tries to answer the question with a descriptive-analytical method What implications has the construction of Turkish dams on the Tigris and Euphrates rivers had on the national security of the countries affected by these rivers? Findings show that Turkish dam construction has weakened natural ecosystems by drying up large parts of the Mesopotamian wetlands and destroying the environment of the affected area by forming foci of dust formation, increasing disease, unemployment, smuggling, insecurity and expanding migration. Using its geopolitical position, Turkey has pursued its unilateralist and expansionist policies by controlling the vital and strategic resources of the Tigris and Euphrates basins, operating and playing a hydro-hegemonic role. Turkish dams have endangered the national security of countries affected by the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. Data collection was done by library method and with the tool of recording documents, books, media, articles and electronic sources