مجله سازمان نظام پزشکی جمهوری اسلامی ایران
سال چهلم شماره 2 (پیاپی 158، تابستان 1401)

Boards of trustees are Responsible for important and sensitive responsibilities at the top of the organizational structure of universities and educational institutions. This study analysis. The analysis the policy of the board of trustees of medical sciences universities in the country which was conducted based on the Walt and Gilson’s policy analysis triangle framework.

This study belongs to the category of policy analysis studies and is a retrospective case study. In order to analysis the policy of the Board of Trustees of medical sciencesuniversities, various methods have been used,including reviewing texts and documents. In order to review articles and information from Scopus, PubMed, SID, Web of Science, Magiran, Google Scholar databases was used.

After screening, out of 80 identified studies, finally 18 studies reached the final synthesis stage based on the entry and exit criteria. So, the review of related documents and articles, the results of the evaluation of this policy showed that although the university board of trustees has taken an important step towards the independence of universities, but most of the approvals and performance of the board of trustees of medical sciences universities are related to the support and general affairs of the university administration and correspond to the mission. It is not universities, which has led to important challenges in the management, accountability and efficiency of the health system in the use of facilities in order to manually develop the goals of the program.

  A look at the duties and powers of the Boards of Trustees of Medical Sciences Universities shows that there is a need to review the laws in the Supreme Council of the Cultural Revolution with an emphasis on the inherent function of the Boards of Trustees, i.e. making policies and monitoring the implementation of university health policies.

Escherichia coli (E. coli) is one of the bacteria that produce the enzyme β-Lactamase. This bacterium belongs to the Enterobacteriaceae family which causes urinary tract infections, nosocomial infections, and neonatal meningitis. This study aimed to evaluate the CTX-M9 and VEB 1 genes producers of β-lactamase in urine samples.

This study isolated 180 E. coli strains from urine samples at Miandoab hospitals. Antiprogram test was performed for antibiotic susceptibility and resistance. To identify ESBL-producing strains and blaCTX-M-9 and blaVEB-1, combined discs as well as PCR technique were applied.

The outcomes of the present study showed that 91 strains (51%) were positive for ESBL production. The resistance of E. coli was 56 and 47% to Nalidixic acid and CO-trimoxazole, respectively. The susceptibility to ciprofloxacin was 63%. blaVEB-1 gene with 51% was reported as the highest gene expressed in ESBL producing strains.

blaVEB-1 and blaCTX-M-9 were the most prevalent isolates in ESBL, respectively and these enzymes played an imperative role in resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics.

Obligation from physicians in the form of an oath dates back to the oath of Hippocrates and ancient Greece. These oaths have long been popular with changes in localization with respect to different cultures. In the Islamic period, not only the Hippocratic Oath was localized, but also other valuable effects were compiled in the form of advice letters; for instance, to create a sense of responsibility in physicians. Today in Iran, obtaining oaths from physicians is performed in the form of a graduation ceremony for medical students, and no attention is paid to its jurisprudential issues. This study was conducted with the aim of pathology of the jurisprudential dimensions of physicians’ oaths in Iran.

The present study was conducted with a qualitative exploratory approach in 2021 at the Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. Four sessions of focus group discussion with the presence of twelve experts in the fields of medical ethics, philosophy, law and theology were performed to collect data. Six-step thematic analysis method of Brown and Clark (2006) was used for data analysis.

The findings showed that physicians’ oaths in Iran was purely moral and that granting jurisprudential and religious status, such as the obligation of atonement in violation of the oath, may have negative consequences. Furthermore, it does not legally create any right for patients than to physicians.

Modifying the provisions and the manner of performing the oath ceremony and obtaining it in the three stages including entering education, during education and graduation, is one of the important suggestions of the present study.

 Due to the wide range of drug contracts and medical equipment available today, legislators must pay close attention to the formation of such contracts in order to ensure justice in this area. This amplifies the significance of the current study›s examination of such contracts. The goal of this article is to examine drug contracts and medical equipment contracts and show how the principle of justice affects these types of contracts in this field.

This research was organised using the descriptive-analytical method, which involved reviewing different sources, including books, papers, statutes and legal documents.

According to the study›s findings, Iran›s current laws do not include a comprehensive definition of pharmaceutical products and medical equipment. Furthermore, the regulations and organisations that govern pharmaceutical product advertising are lax, resulting in a slew of issues and difficulties in supporting and protecting drug and medical equipment consumers and vulnerable parties.

An examination and evaluation of the law of the Organization of the Medical System, as well as other relevant laws and regulations, reveals that information and insurance services are governed by provisions in Iranian law. A comparison of Iranian and US law in this area concludes that we can protect the weak side of the contract, ensure suppliers’ interests, and comply with justice in such contracts by accepting contract amendments, considering development risk rules, accepting the strict liability theory and anticipating the creation of a fund such as the Bodily Injury Fund to Special measures in Iranian law, among other basic steps.

 The purpose of this study was to explain the model of structural relationships of the tendency to extramarital relationships based on schema mentality; the mediating role of attachment style.

The design of the present study was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of the study were all married men and women aged 20 to 50 years in Tehran in 2021 (history of marriage over two years). The research sampling method was purposeful available and the sample size was 229 people (206 females and 23 males). The research questionnaires were Bashirpour et al. extramarital relationships (1397), Young's Schematic Mindset Questionnaire (2001) and Collins and Reid Attachment Questionnaire (1990). Findings were analyzed using structural equation modeling.

The results showed that the structural model of the research fits with the collected data (P <0.01). It was also found that ambivalent and secure attachment styles positively and significantly mediate the relationship between schema mentality and tendency to extramarital relationships (P <0.01).

It can be concluded that schema mentalities and attachment styles can be useful for psychologists and counselors in determining interventions in the field of couple therapy and extramarital relationships.

Increasing information on news websites and social media has made sentiment analysis a useful field for finding people's opinions. Sentiment analysis includes creating a smart system for gathering and discovering human ideas, feelings, and feedback. Finding Iranian people’s attitudes to the COVID-19 at the start of epidemics using sentiment analysis algorithms was the main goal of this research.

The research method is computational and is a newer subfield of natural language processing called sentiment analysis. Data was gathered from coronavirus-related user comments of ISNA and Fars news, two popular Iranian news agencies, from February to May 2020. News item numbers collected in this research was 500, which was also collected according to the news of users' opinions, and the number of users' opinions was also close to 300. To analyze user comments, machine learning techniques and tools such as the decision tree algorithm were used to classify positive and negative emotions. In this way, words with negative and positive emotional loads were used to analyze the opinion of users. Machine learning tools and techniques were used for the analysis of user opinions to categorize feelings into positive and negative. Data gathering and preprocessing were done with Python programming language and its associate libraries.

Negative attitude to COVID-19 at the start of pandemics was 21% in Fars news agency and 17% in ISNA. It means that near to 80 percent of the commenting users were optimistic and careless about the disease.

Maybe one reason for the high epidemics and mortality of COVID-19 in Iran at the beginning refers to the wrong attitude and knowledge of the disease. Unlike other countries in the world, Iranian people have spoken with positive words such as happiness, optimism, ease, and inattention about the disease and its problems

After the Corona pandemic, most hospitals faced challenges such as staff shortages and inadequate medical equipment. Dealing with the Corona crisis at the hospital level needs scientific evidences from various international and national experiences. Given the important role of sharing experiences in improving the performance of hospitals, this article was conducted to identify effective strategies to deal with the Corona crisis in Mohammad Vasei Hospital in Sabzevar.

This study was a descriptive case study performed by combined (quantitative-qualitative) method in Mohammad Vasei Hospital in Sabzevar in July 1400. Targeted content analysis of documents by the opinions of key informants was used in the qualitative phase. Comparison of selected indicators before, during and after the Corona crisis was used in the quantitative phase.

Effective strategies were divided into 5 main categories including hospital capacity development, development of medical equipment required in the corona crisis, provision and maintenance of human resources, improving the quality of services provided to patients and promoting cross-sectoral participation. A practical guide and the results of strategies implementation were also reported.

In this study, we tried to report the effective strategies and main activities that have been implemented for each strategy and the results as a practical guide. The managers of other hospitals in the country can use the experiences of this hospital to improve the readiness of hospitals in the face of this crisis.