مجله مطالعات علوم پزشکی
سال سی و چهارم شماره 3 (خرداد 1402)

Probiotics are food supplements that have beneficial effects on human health. Increasing the use of industrial instead of traditional dairy products may increase the possibility of deficiency of probiotic bacteria. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role and mechanism of probiotics as a complementary medicine and a guide for Helicobacter pylori infection.

In this systematic review study, studies conducted in English from 2013 to April 2021 on the treatment of Helicobacter pylori by the effect of probiotics in the Asian population were reviewed. Articles related to the subject were searched in PubMed, Embace, Scopus, and Google Scholar search engines using the keywords probiotic bacteria, treatment, Asia, and Helicobacter pylori.

65 articles were selected from a total of 87 articles obtained after removing unrelated and repetitive articles and evaluating their titles and abstracts. Finally, after the final review of the text, 55 articles were selected and analyzed.

Products containing probiotics are important tools for eradicating Helicobacter pylori infection; so probiotics will be very effective as a supplement along with taking the necessary drugs. Probiotics can even counteract the side effects caused by antibiotics.

Family functioning is one of the important indicators that guarantee the health and mental health of the family and its members. Therefore, this research aims to provide a prediction model of family function based on brain-behavioral systems in women; The mediating role of primary incompatible schemas was performed with the structural equation modeling approach.

The current research was a descriptive, correlational research based on structural equations. The population studied in this research were all married women who visited cultural centers in the 1st district of Tehran from July to November 2018. 324 married women were selected from the population according to the research variables and using available sampling, and answered the Epstein, Baldwin and Bishop family functioning questionnaires (2003), the short form of Young schema questionnaire (2005), and Carver and White behavioral activation and inhibition system scale (1994). The data were statistically analyzed with SPSS and AMOS software version 21 and using variance inflation factor and tolerance coefficient and a significant level of p<0.05.

Data analysis using structural equation modeling showed that the regression coefficients between behavior inhibition system and family functioning were negatively significant (p<0.01, β=0.167). On the other hand, the total path coefficient between the behavior activating system and family performance was positively significant at the significance level of 0.01 (p<0.01, β=0.262). Also, primary maladaptive schemas negatively predict family functioning (p < 0.01, β= -0.381).

The results showed that the behavioral inhibition system negatively and the behavioral activation system positively and significantly predict family performance. Early maladaptive schemas predict family functioning in female participants.

Unplanned removal of the endotracheal tube is one of the quality criteria of care in the intensive care unit and may lead to irreversible complications. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors for unplanned endotracheal tube removal in adult patients admitted to the General Special Care Department of Shahid Beheshti Hospital of Qom, Iran in 2021.

This study was conducted in the year 2021 using a retrospective descriptive analytical method. The statistical sample included all patients over 18 years of age admitted to the intensive care unit who had unplanned tracheal tube removal. In this study, a researcher-made extubation checklist was used. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 23 through descriptive and regression tests. A significance level of 0.05 was considered significant.

18.33% of patients had the experience of unplanned tracheal tube removal. Their mean age was 54.62 ± 6.54 and their level of consciousness was 10.54 ± 2.07. Furthermore, 72.06% of the patients were agitated. The variables of age, workload of nurse, level of consciousness, restlessness, history of drug use, and occurrence of delirium after hospitalization in ICU played a role in unplanned tracheal tube removal. In the examination of complications, the most complications were related to aspiration and then to damage to the larynx.

Unplanned extubation is more common in internal ward patients than in surgical ward patients. It is also more common in elderly people, people with a history of drug use, the disproportion between the number of patients and the number of nurses, but it has no relationship with patient gender.

Cervicogenic headache is a type of headache that originates from the neck region and is related to musculoskeletal problems. The aim of this study was determining the effect of a course of sensorimotor training on the craniovertebral angle and symptoms of women with cervicogenic headache.

In this semi-experimental intervention research, 30 women suffering from cervicogenic headache with an age range of 25-45 years, referred to the clinics of Shahin-Dezh city, and were divided purposefully into two groups of sensorimotor training (age: 31.57±2.63 years), and control (age: 33.11±2.89 years). The craniovertebral angle was measured by photography, headache by VAS scale, and psychological and functional dimensions of the patients by using headache disability questionnaire before and after the intervention. Data analysis was done using SPSS software at a significant level (P<0.05). ANCOVA statistical test was used to compare the mean of the variables.

The results showed that sensorimotor training have a significant effect on improving the craniovertebral angle and the symptoms of women with headaches including pain, as well as psychological and functional dimensions caused by headaches.

Sensorimotor training have an effect on improving the posture of the head and reducing the symptoms of cervicogenic headache sufferers. Therefore, it is recommended that experts use sensorimotor exercises to help patients with cervicogenic headache.

Studies have shown that carrying and holding objects requires the coordination of lower limb and trunk muscles, and is considered as a risk factor in causing low back pain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of activity of selected trunk and thigh muscles in forward and backward bending with different loads in people with and without chronic low back pain (CLBP).

In a semi experimental study, 31 subjects in two groups, 15 people with CLBP and 16 healthy people participated voluntarily. Subjects performed forward and backward bending in 4 positions without applying external load with 2, 5, and 10% of body mass during 6 seconds (2 seconds standing, 2 seconds bending forward and 2 seconds back). The electrical activity of eight muscles was recorded using an EMG device.

The results showed that the external load significantly affects the level of muscle activity. Also, there was a significant difference between the two groups as level of activity was higher in CLBP group. Also, the amount of load had a significant effect on the level of activity of different muscles in the groups, as the effect of 5% body mass load on the level of activity of rectus abdominis, internal oblique and multifidus was higher in CLBP group. Also, the effect of a load of 10% body mass on the level of activity of external oblique, thoracic erector spinae, lumbar erector spinae, and biceps femoris were higher in CLBP group. In addition, the effect of a load of 10% body mass on the level of activity of the gluteus maximus was higher in the healthy group.

In order to prevent muscle fatigue and ultimately to prevent the development or spread of pain, it is recommended to strengthen the muscles that had the highest level of activity when the external load increased.

Depression is the general problem of human life and is the most common mental disorder that leads to changes in mood, thinking, and daily activities. Therefore, the aim of this study was to study the effectiveness of the cognitive behavioral analysis psychotherapy system on self-compassion and the meaning of life of persistently depressed patients

The current research was a semi-experimental design with a pre-test, post-test and three-month follow-up with a control group. The statistical population included all depressed patients referred to psychiatric and psychological treatment centers in Urmia city in the first five months of 2022, and 30 people were selected from this population by convenience sampling and randomly assigned to two groups. All subjects completed the questionnaires of self-compassion of Neff (2003) and the meaning of life of Steger et al. (2006) in all three stages of pre-test, post-test and follow-up. Finally, the data were analyzed by repeated measurement variance analysis methods using SPSS24 software.

The results showed that there was a significant difference in both variables of self-compassion and the meaning of life between the experimental and control groups (P<0.01). In other words, cognitive behavioral analysis psychotherapy system was effective on self-compassion, the meaning of life, and persistently of depressed patients (P<0.05).

The findings of the research show that the psychotherapy system of cognitive behavioral analysis is effective on self-compassion and the meaning of life of persistent depressed patients, and therefore it can be used in clinical interventions for the treatment of persistent depression.