فصلنامه طب مکمل
سال دوازدهم شماره 4 (پیاپی 45، زمستان 1401)

Fibroblast growth factor 21 is proposed as a therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was the effect of 8 weeks of combined exercises along with the consuming of mulberry leaf extract on the serum levels of glucose, insulin and fibroblast growth factor 21, in elderly men with type 2 diabetes.

In this semi-experimental study, 40 elderly people (age: 67.07 ± 1.50) living in Ardabil province with type 2 diabetes after obtaining written consent were randomly divided into five control groups (8 people) and a placebo group (8 people). The extract group (8 people), the training group (8 people) and the extract + training group (8 people) were divided. The exercises were performed in three sessions for eight weeks. 3000 mg of blackberry leaf extract was prescribed daily. Glucose, insulin and FGF21 values were measured before the intervention and 48 hours after the last training session. Paired t-test and analysis of covariance were used at a significance level of P < 0.05.

A significant decrease in blood glucose levels (161.22 ± 4.91), insulin (9.91 ± 0.80) and a significant increase in FGF21 levels (66.61 ± 7.06) were observed in the training + extract group (P < 0.05). A significant difference was observed in the levels of glucose (P = 0.001), insulin (P = 0.003) and FGF21 (P = 0.001) between the groups, and these changes were greater in the extract + exercise group than the training and extract groups.

Combined exercises along with the consuming of Mulberry leaf extract can improve blood glucose, insulin and FGF21 in the elderly with type 2 diabetes.

The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and Portulaca Oleracea extract on on serum level of TAC, MDA, CRP, and TNF-α in rats with NAFLD.

25 male Wistar randomly divided into five groups: healthy control, fatty liver control, HIIT, Portulaca Oleracea extract, and HIIT+Portulaca Oleracea extract. The rats were fed a high-fat diet for 12 weeks to induce NAFLD. Portulaca Oleracea supplement at 400 mg/kg was given to the experimental groups. HIIT was performed for 8 weeks, 5 sessions per week with 7 repetitions of 1 minute at 90% maximum speed and active rest intervals including 2 minutes of running at 20% maximum speed. To analyze the data, one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test were used at the significance level of P < 0.05. All statistical calculations were done using SPSS20 statistical software.

Serum Level of MDA in Portulaca Oleracea Extract and HIIT + Portulaca Oleracea groups were significantly lower than fatty liver control group. Serum level of TAC were significantly higher in Portulaca Oleracea Extract than healthy control and fatty liver control groups. Level of this index in HIIT+ Portulaca Oleracea Extract group was significantly higher than fatty liver control group. Serum Level of CRP and TNF-α in Portulaca Oleracea, HIIT and HIIT + Portulaca Oleracea groups were significantly lower than fatty liver control group.

It seems that long term HIIT and consumption of Portulaca Oleracea extract by improving peroxidation and antioxidant balance and reducing inflammatory factors in NAFLD subjects, can play an important role in controlling the progress of this disease.

One of the side effects of electroconvulsive therapy is headache, which can be experienced immediately or shortly after the patient regains consciousness. Foot reflexology massage as a nursing intervention to reduce some symptoms and complications in different patients has been reported to be useful. This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of foot reflexology massage on the headache rate of patients after electroconvulsive therapy.

This experimental before-after with control group design of 54 female patients undergoing electroconvulsive therapy at the Razi Psychiatric Training Center in Tehran. Based on the randomization of the available samples, the patients were assigned to three groups: foot reflexology massage, placebo and control. The visual pain measurement scale was completed after electroconvulsive therapy (before intervention) and 10 minutes after foot reflexology massage for the intervention and placebo groups and with the same time interval for the control group. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics such as chi-square and one-variable covariance analysis.

There was no significant difference between the studied groups in terms of demographic characteristics and average headache scores before the intervention (p<0.05). But after the intervention, the mean headache score was significantly lower in the foot reflexology massage group (2.56±0.268) and the control group (3.48±0.266) than the placebo group (3.55±0.268) (p < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the control groups and placebo group (p=0.84). In other words, the intervention (foot reflexology massage) caused a significant decrease in headache in the intervention group compared to the control and placebo group.

The use of foot reflexology massage is effective in reducing the intensity of headaches in women undergoing electroconvulsive therapy, therefore it is suggested that nurses in electroconvulsive therapy wards use this non-drug method to reduce headache symptoms.

High intensity interval training can promote PGC-1α and TFAM key regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis. Then the purpose of this investigation is to examine the effect of high intensity interval training whit supplementation of sodium citrate on PGC-1α and TFAM expression in soleus muscle of Wistar rats.

24 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups of control, training and training with sodium citrate supplementation. Both training and training with sodium citrate supplementation groups performed high intensity interval training for 8 weeks, five days a week, with the intensity of 50% to 90% maximum running speed on rodent treadmill. The training with supplement group were treated with a dose (15 mmol/L) of sodium citrate by drinking water per day for 8 weeks. Statistical evaluations of the experiments were investigated by applying One-Way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc analysis with a statistical level of P < 0.05. Cohen’s d also was calculated to compare groups.

Findings indicated significant differences in PGC-1α and TFAM protein level in both training and training with supplement groups compared to control group (P = 0.001). Results about sodium citrate supplementation also showed significant differences in training with supplementation group compared to training group (P = 0.005).

It seems sodium citrate supplementation can induce expression of PGC-1α and TFAM and increases level of PGC-1α and TFAM proteins.

Fear and anxiety caused by a possible infection with Corona is destructive and can lead to mental abnormalities in people. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of spiritual self-care virtual training on the anxiety of corona in nursing students.

In this semi-experimental study, 60 nursing intern students in 1401 at the Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord branch, after obtaining informed consent, entered the sampling and then were randomly divided into two intervention groups (30 people) and control (30 people).In the intervention group, two sessions of virtual spiritual self-care training were held in the form of multimedia (audio, image, animation and video) for students before entering the hospital on a coordinated date and time. There was no intervention in the control group. Corona anxiety of the students after the workshop was measured using the Corona Anxiety Evaluation Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS software at a significance level of less than 0.05 and independent t and paired t tests.

The average anxiety score between the intervention and control groups before the study was 16.96 ± 67/2 and 16.94 ± 2.79 respectively, which was not statistically significant and the two groups were homogeneous (P < 0.05). However, the average anxiety score of students between the intervention and control groups after the intervention was 15.01 ± 2.64 and 16.09 ± 2.43 respectively, which had a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05).

It is recommended to carry out spiritual self-care educational interventions to reduce the anxiety of nursing students.

Today, pressure ulcers have become one of the serious problems in the treatment and care of patients, which, in addition to delaying the recovery of the patient, imposes a lot of costs on the patient and his family. This research was conducted with the aim of comparing the effect of dressing with aloe vera gel and normal saline on the healing of pressure ulcers in patients hospitalized in the medical centers of Arak city.

In this randomized clinical trial that was conducted in 1400 in Amir al-Mominin and Wali Asr (AS) hospitals in Arak. 60 patients with grade 2 pressure ulcers were selected and after obtaining informed written consent, divided into two experimental and control groups (normal saline) by a simple random method. The intervention group was dressed with aloe vera gel with a diameter of 5 mm, and the control group was dressed with normal saline. After obtaining written informed consent from the two groups, parameters related to the wound were examined on the first, seventh and fifteenth day using the Betts Jensen wound assessment tool. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 17 statistical software and REMANOVA and Chi-2 statistical test.

The mean and standard deviation before and on the fifteenth day of aloe vera gel in the intervention group were 30.896 ± 0.518 and 13.658 ± 0.617 respectively and in the control group (normal saline) 31.329 ± 0.381 and ± 0.584 respectively, which had a significant difference on the 15th day, (F=487/512, P = 0.000).

Dressing with aloe vera gel accelerated the healing process of pressure ulcer compared to dressing with normal saline; Therefore, due to the absence of side effects, ease of preparation and easy application of aloe vera gel, its use can be useful in healing pressure ulcers.

Childbirth and becoming a mother is one of the most important events in everyone's life. Since the past times, in all civilizations, the positions has been used as a way to facilitate and speed up childbirth and it is one of the important and effective measures in the process of labor and delivery. It can be expected due to the history of traditional medicine and the strategic nature of its orders wich by identifying the positions which are presented in old texts of traditional medicine, It is possible to take an important step in preventing the prolongation of the birth process, dystocia and finally reducing the rate of cesarean section and increasing the health of mother and baby.

The current research is a library study in which the authentic texts of traditional medicine, including Kefayat al Teb, Al-Havi, Al-Qanun, Mofarreh al-Qolub, Kholase-Alhekmah and eleven other books, are directly studied and materials related to the mother's position were collected to facilitate childbirth and were presented in compliance with the principle of confidentiality.

In the present study squatting, sitting, knee chest, standing and semi sitting positions have been mentioned and knee chest position is recommended for obese people or those with pelvic and abdominal masses. In cases of deviation of the fetal body position to the left or right and anterior or posterior, placing the position opposite to the side of the deviation or correction by hand is mentioned and finally, the best position for childbirth is sitting on a chair.

In the texts of traditional medicine, not only the types of positions used in common medicine are mentioned, but also new positions such as knee chest position for obese people, the movement similar to swing riding, going down and going up the stairs and sitting down and standing up suddenly has been introduced which by doing more research in this field, it seems that they can be used to facilitate and speed up childbirth and to eliminate dystocia.