نشریه افق توسعه آموزش پزشکی
سال چهاردهم شماره 1 (بهار 1402)

During the past few decades, the development of consulting methods among faculty members have been increasingly recognized as essential for the development of personal and professional performances and job satisfaction. Using a consulting approach has been introduced as a critical method for developing the professional skills of faculty members. The method helps new faculty members to achieve guidance and instruction to improve teaching, research, and awareness of academic expectations and responsibilities. In addition, critical thinking skills and job-specific skills are enhanced by this method. This method also helps teachers acquire the essential competencies to succeed in academic life, including teaching skills and preparation for academic advancement. The present study discussed the eduators' experiences on faculty development course by consulting clinic focused on educational scholarship conducted at the Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science.

The phenomenon of teaching and its effective components from the past to this day has been one of the main concerns of theorists of education. This study has been done with the aim of evaluation of effective teaching characteristics based on postgraduate dental students' viewpoints all over the IRAN in 2020.

This Analytic Descriptive study was performed on 191 residents studying in dental schools in the country's medical science universities. The tool for collecting information was a web-based questionnaire including 33 items about research knowledge, teaching method, the ability to communicating with the residents and personal characteristics. inferential statistics (Wilcoxon one-sample, Mann-Whitney test, Kruskal Wallis test and Spearman correlation coefficient) were used in statistical analysis.

The mean age of the participants was 29.42 ± 2.79 years and (58.6%) were females. The most important characteristic of the teacher in the opinion of residents in the field of research knowledge was to control the subject of teaching with (73.3%), in the field of teaching methods, teaching the contents clear (44%), in the field of ability of communication with the residents, close and friendly relationship with the residents (38.2%). and in the field of personal characteristics were criticism (47.1%) and respectful tone (45%). The highest averages were related to the individual characteristics 3.85±0.65 and the lowest averages were related to the teaching methods 3.81±0.71.The domains of professional characteristics and teaching methods in single assistants were significantly higher than home residents (p = 0.045 and p = 0.038, respectively).

The most important feature of effective teaching was having mastery of the subject of teaching and awareness of it and transparent and clear transmission of content. Also the personal characteristics of the professors, such as being critical and respectful tone are effective in the teaching characteristics of the professors.

An essential indicator of the quality of universities is the ability of professors, which can be measured by evaluation. As a result, professional maintenance and development can be achieved. Evaluation is the most efficient way to improve the quality of education. This study aimed to take a closer look at the evaluation process in these universities, focusing on the education system. In conclusion, a comprehensive model was assessed in Iran for teacher evaluation in the higher education system.

This comparative study was examined using the Brady model in professor evaluation systems in universities based on the Shanghai ranking table and searching the websites of world-renowned universities. The data were extracted, then the types of university professor evaluation systems were examined. The quality of professors was also addressed through CWUR rankings. Finally, the highlights and experiences of professor evaluation were discussed in these universities and carefully investigated.

A total of 15 universities surveyed had a specific website, and they included the professor's educational field as one of the evaluation criteria. The evaluation was done according to the type of university by students, colleagues, and managers. Each university applied the critical approach based on its evaluation protocol, which has already been announced to the professors. In this targeting, the evaluation was considered one of the parts of the learning process and emphasized its promotion.

According to the evaluation criteria prepared based on the goals of that university, the role and measurement of the professor's educational performance are critical in achieving the goals. These professors consider evaluation as one of the parts of the learning process and should seek to improve learning.

New communication technologies (especially the Internet) have exciting capabilities to overcome barriers to learning and geographical access. Many higher education institutions rapidly seek to use these capabilities and facilities in learning, teaching, and research depite the related obstacles. This study evaluated the barriers of using e-learning from students’ perspectives as the primary stakeholders at Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences.

In this cross-sectional study, the statistical population was all Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences students in the academic year 2019-2020, from which a sample of 352 people was selected by stratified random sampling. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire that was used after validation. SPSS statistical software and descriptive and analytical statistical formulas were used to analyze the data

The results indicated that most participants were 18 to 22 years (79%), the average age of students was 21.33±2.56 years and 68.2% werefemale. The executive factors had the most contribution, and the cultural factors had the least contribution in hindering the development of e-learning at Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences. The arrangement of obstacles from the students' point of view was executive, strategic, technical, individual, organizational, managerial, legal, budgetary, pedagogical, and cultural factors.

From the point of view of the students of Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, the essential hindering factors in electronic education was the executive obstacle, which can be removed by creating new educational facilities and approaches such as simulators. It is possible to make students more familiar and compatible with electronic education by creating suitable student support systems.

 In general medicine, internship is one of the most important stages of clinical education; several factors affect the results of training strategies. One of the most important factors affecting the results of education, is students' satisfaction with the education provided. We designed this study to evaluate the level of interns' satisfaction with the emergency medicine course.

 This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on emergency medicine interns in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in 2021. The interns' satisfaction with this course was assessed using a questionnaire designed by researchers whose validity and reliability have been confirmed by seven of emergency medicine specialist. After the course, the survey was conducted using online surveys and data analysis was performed using SPSS25 software.

 A total of 84 interns participated in this study, of which 37 (44%) were male and 47 (56%) were female. Among them, the highest score related to close supervision for attending the shift agreed with 65 (89.3%) and the lowest score related to patient safety and patient education agreed with 9 (48.8%).Of the workshops held, the highest satisfaction with Basic Cardiac Life Support (BLS) agreed with 64 cases (76.1%).

 The results of this study showed that more than 50% of the students were satisfied with the emergency course , the workshops held, the educational topics presented and the effective training in this course. Due to the lowest level of satisfaction (51.2%) of the training provided in the field of patients safety and patients education, this topic was added to the training topics in the course. Student satisfactions are an effective way to identify their needs and thus provide better educational.

Diabetes is a group of metabolic diseases and multifactorial disorders known as chronic hypertension and is referred to as a silent epidemic. Today, the care and control of chronic diseases, especially diabetes, is essential, and the use of health-related educational programs is necessary for patients and can improve all aspects of their lives. This study aimed to investigate the effect of lecture and pamphlet education on self-care behaviors of type 2 diabetic patients referred to Ghaen educational and medical centers.

This quasi-experimental study was performed on 60 diabetic patients referred to Ghaen educational and medical center in 2016. The samples were divided into two education groups through pamphlet and lecture methods by randomly dropping coins. Demographic information and self-care questionnaires were used as tools in this study, and the data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16 with Fisher, Chi-square, independent t-test, and paired t-test.

The results showed that before and after the educational intervention, there was no statistically significant difference between the two scores of lecturing and pamphlet training methods in self-care behaviors. However, educational intervention separately in each of the two groups showed a significant difference in the scores of self-care behaviors before and after the educational intervention in that group (p <0.001).

Based on the results, teaching self-care behaviors based on both educational methods promoted self-care in patients with type 2 diabetes.

 Anatomical sciences, especially gross anatomy, is one of the basic courses offered to medical students. However, students' first contact with a fixed corpse (cadaver) can cause high anxiety. This study aimed to compare the effect of supportive interventions on the level of anxiety caused by exposure to cadaver in medical students of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in the first semester of 2018-2019.

 This semi-experimental study used a control group and selected the samples by the convenient method. First, students with no experience dealing with cadaver were randomly divided into five groups and completed the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety scales. Then, they were divided into five equal groups (n=31), receiving supportive interventions, including educational, attitudinal, instructional, and religious, and one control group (group 5) with no intervention. The anxiety level measurement form was completed again by each person after exposure to the cadaver and one month after the exposure.

 A total of 155 medical students aged 18.10±2.14 years participated in this study. The level of anxiety recorded after exposure to a cadaver in the control group showed a significant increase compared to before exposure. However, receiving attitudinal and religious support could significantly reduce anxiety. However, this value did not show a significant change in the group receiving instructional support and increased dramatically in the group receiving educational support. In addition, the level of anxiety recorded before encountering a cadaver in all groups was higher for female students than male students.

Based on the results, the anxiety level of medical students could be seriously lessened by using attitude and religious approaches.

Today, global knowledge achievements of the world's universities easily is accessible by modern technology. In this article, we explore the situation of international scientific exchanges in the era of Islamic civilization.

This study was performed by reviewing the historical texts related to scientific/educational relationship during the era of Islamic civilization.

In the pre-Islamic period, Jundishapur Hospital played an important role in integrating medicine from Greece, Iran, Egypt and India. Due to the high reputation, students came to this university from other places around the world. In the era of Islamic civilization, the translators of the "House of Wisdom" translated Greek, Syriac, Pahlavi and Indian works into Arabic. In addition to the use of scientific texts, exchanges of scientists regardless of their nationality have also been recorded in this era.The inter-connected network of teaching hospitals, nezamiyehs (Nizamiyyah, in Arabic: النظامیه‎), and Jamia/Jamiea schools (in Arabic جامعه), transmitted discoveries and innovations throughout the vast area of the Islamic civilization.

Scientific exchanges have been occurred continuously in the days of Islamic civilization. Graduates of prestigious scientific centers such as Jundishapur or Nizamiyeh played a main role in such exchange with immigration to other main scientific centers. In addition, transfer of new discoveries through scientific publications of scientists could connect the west to the east of Islamic civilization. This was performed by a network between main educational hospitals.