نشریه اصول بهداشت روانی
سال بیست و پنجم شماره 4 (پیاپی 115، Jul-Aug 2023)

Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FMS) is a widespread chronic musculoskeletal pain disorder. Although many treatments are available for fibromyalgia, management remains a challenge. Recent evidence suggests that personality traits may influence fibromyalgia.

According to PRISMA guidelines, this systematic review and meta-analysis explored harm avoidance and self-directedness in fibromyalgia patients using Cloninger's personality model. The meta-analysis included 14 studies evaluating harm avoidance and 11 studies evaluating self-directedness in patients with fibromyalgia compared with healthy individuals. Reported data from primary studies were pooled in a random-effects model using the Hedges' g approach. 

Fibromyalgia patients demonstrated high harm avoidance (Hedges' g= 1.31; 95% CI: 0.97 to 1.65) and low self-directedness (Hedges' g= -0.71; 95% CI: -1.00 to -0.42) comparing to healthy individuals. Additionally, the results showed that high harm avoidance was significantly related to an increased risk of FMS, although high self-directedness played a protective role against it.

The results demonstrated that high harm avoidance and low self-directedness are distinct personality traits in patients with fibromyalgia. Early identification and evaluation of a profile of high harm avoidance and low self-directedness may help conceptualize the underlying complex mechanisms of fibromyalgia. Additionally, it could identify patients who are more prone to entering a vicious cycle of disability and pain. Further research is required to understand the role of personality characteristics better.

In this study, the role of resilience, locus of control, and social health in predicting post-traumatic growth in cancer patients was investigated. 

In this correlation-regression study in Mashhad-Iran, 212 patients (143 women and 69 men) with diagnosed cancer were selected using the convenient sampling method. Post-traumatic growth, resilience, locus of control, and social health questionnaires were used online. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple regression methods in SPSS version 26 software. 

The results showed that there is a significant relationship between resilience, locus of control, and social health with post-traumatic growth (P< 0.05). Also the results showed that resilience and social health are predictors of post-traumatic growth (P< 0.05). However, the locus of control cannot predict post-traumatic growth in cancer patients (P> 0.05).

Based on the findings, if resilience and social health are more, it can predict post-traumatic growth in cancer patients.

Despite its significant effects on an individual's functioning, Dependent Personality Disorder (DPD) has received comparatively less attention among personality disorders. This highlights the need for additional studies on DPD and the development of reliable assessment tools to measure this disorder. This study assessed the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Dependent Personality Questionnaire, a self-reported measure designed to assess dependent personality traits.
 

The sample for this research comprised 206 students from the University of Bojnord-Iran during the academic year 2020-2021. Participants were recruited using convenience sampling and completed the Dependent Personality Questionnaire and the Dependent Personality Scale of the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III. The exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were employed to examine the factor structure of the questionnaire, while concurrent validity and internal consistency reliability were also assessed.
 

The exploratory factor analysis indicated a two-factor structure for the DPQ: "lack of self-reliance" and "fear of loneliness." The confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the factor structure obtained from the exploratory factor analysis. Concurrent validity analysis further supported the questionnaire's validity (r= 0.60, P≤ 0.01). Additionally, the results provided evidence for the internal consistency reliability of the questionnaire (α= 0.67, mean inter-item correlation= 0.20).
 

Based on the results, the Persian version of the Dependent Personality Questionnaire demonstrates acceptable psychometric properties.

Domestic violence is still considered a global problem. The present study aims to investigate the effectiveness of coping therapy on domestic violence and the sense of self-efficacy in abused women.

Among the 115 women victims of violence in Tehran who were initially interviewed, 40 women who were victims of violence living in Ray city, Kahrizak district, who referred to Hazrat Abolfazl (AS) comprehensive health center during the months of September-October 2019, were randomly assigned to the coping therapy group (n= 20) and the control group (n= 20). All participants completed the demographic checklist, self-efficacy questionnaire, and standard questionnaire for measuring violence against women in three stages. We used analysis of variance with repeated measures. The data was analyzed with SPSS version 24 software.

There was a significant difference between the groups in the post-test and follow-up stages. This can indicate the effectiveness of coping therapy on self-efficacy in victims of violence and the stability of the effectiveness in the follow-up stage (P< 0.001).

The results showed that coping therapy can be used as a psychological intervention to increase the sense of self-efficacy and reduce violence towards women. This intervention empowers women who have experienced violence.

The coronavirus outbreak has affected the use of printed forms tools, so validating the family functioning scale online can help solve problems in this area; therefore, this study aimed to validate the electronic form of the Family Togetherness Scale (FTS).

This descriptive study was conducted using a psychometric method. The statistical population consisted of all students of the Islamic Azad University of Tehran in 2020. The number of samples was determined based on psychometric criteria to 100 people for the convergent validity section and 695 for the construct validity section. The students were selected through cluster sampling method. Research data were collected through Family Togetherness Scale (FTS) and Family Assessment Device (FAD) in printed and electronic form by sending a questionnaire link to the participants' mobile phones. To examine the validity of the scale, content, concurrent, convergent, divergent, and factor analysis methods were used. We investigated its reliability using internal consistency and split-half reliability methods.

The findings of exploratory factor analysis showed that the electronic form of the Family Functioning Scale consists of five factors and has appropriate validity and reliability. Confirmatory factor analysis also confirmed the five-factor model. This questionnaire was performed along with the Family Assessment Questionnaire. The results indicated the positive significant correlation between two scales (r= 0.67; P< 0.001).

Based on the results, Family Togetherness Scale (FTS) can be used to assess family functioning in Iranian populations.

Coronavirus is one of the biggest health problems in the world. The studies show that smokers or addicts are more vulnerable to the virus. The present study evaluated the frequency of smoking and substance abuse among patients with COVID-19 and other patients. 

In this cross-sectional study in 2021, 1400 participants (Kashan, Iran) were included (700 patients in COVID-19 group and 700 people in non-COVID-19 group). Then, they fulfilled the Addiction Diagnosis Questionnaire (ASSIST), and their addiction was tested with a diagnostic kit. The data were analyzed through independent t-test, Chi-square, Fisher's exact test, and SPSS v.17. 

The prevalence of smoking and substance abuse in the COVID-19 group was 19.4% and 4.4%, respectively (23.0% and 9.2% in non-COVID-19 group, respectively). No significant differences in smoking frequency were observed between the two groups (P= 0.229). The results showed that the frequency of substance abusers was significantly lower in the COVID-19 group (P= 0.008). 

The present results showed that the prevalence of smoking among patients with COVID-19 is not significantly different from other patients. Interestingly, the prevalence of substance abuse among participants with COVID-19 was significantly lower than other patients. Since the number of smokers or substance abusers was expected to be higher among patients with COVID-19, the cause of this paradox is unclear, and more studies are needed to clarify its various dimensions.

In this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of mobile phone use on high school students' attention spans and academic performance. 

In this causal-comparative study, 120 students of art high schools in Darmian city-Iran, were selected using purposive sampling. They fulfilled the mobile phone addiction questionnaire, a computerized Stroop test, and academic performance test. Data were analyzed using the descriptive statistics, and one-way analysis of variance.

The findings indicated a significant relationship between mobile phone use and attention, and academic performance (P< 0.05). Specifically, increasing students' mobile phone use correlated with decreased attention and lower academic performance. Moreover, mobile phone use affected academic performance differently across practical and theoretical lessons.

Overall, our study highlights the potential negative impact of excessive mobile phone use on students' attention and academic performance.

The present study aimed to investigate the anxiety of corona in teenagers of families affected by COVID-19 disease with the moderating role of quality of life about psychological well-being. 

The statistical population consisted of all adolescents who have had one or more COVID-19 patient family members in Bushehr city-Iran during 2019 to 2022. Among whom 300 eligible individuals (157 boys and 143 girls) were selected using the convenience sampling method. The data were collected using the COVID-19 Anxiety Scale of Alipour et al., Ryff's Psychological Well-being Scale, and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL). The data were analyzed in SPSS 26 through the Pearson correlation coefficient test and hierarchical regression analysis. 

A significant relationship was found between COVID-19 anxiety and psychological well-being (P< 0.001). In addition, quality of life moderated the relationship between COVID-19 anxiety and psychological well-being.

Given the psychological effects of COVID-19 anxiety on adolescents, relevant authorities are recommended to develop appropriate training programs to help all members of society especially adolescents, control their anxiety.