mohammad bagherzadeh

Predicting and controlling the scour depth downstream of grade-control structures is one of the crucial hydraulics points in preventing riverbed erosion. The present research examines the influence of tailwater depth and longitudinal bed slopes at the downstream scouring depth of those structures by means of experimental settings. The experiments were conducted under the various tailwater depth conditions, including free tailwater e.g. 1.5 and 2 times of a free tailwater epth. The conditions were tested on three distinct longitudinal bed slopes: 0.05%, 0.2%, and 0.4%. Various flow rates were then introduced, necessary data were taken, and the hydraulic phenomena were studied. The results indicates that as the tailwater depth increases while maintaining a constant slope of the riverbed, the dimensions of the scour hole decreases. Establishing conditions for the maximum tailwater depth across various flow discharges resulted, on average, by 25% reduction in scouring depth downstream end of the structure. Conversely, by increasing the longitudinal bed slopes at a constant discharge and a related tailwater depth led to an increase in the dimensions of the scour hole. Specifically, when the bed slope increases from 0.05% to 0.4% under free tailwater conditions, the scour depth increases by 10.4%. Herein, a new relationship was developed based on the effective parameters to estimate the maximum scour depth for a grade-control structure. The correlation results demonstrated that this relationship yields accurate predictions with a high degree of reliability.

It is important to check for leakage flow in hydraulic and marine structures during design, as uncontrolled leakage can cause irreparable damage. Soft computing methods can be used to easily model, analyze and control complex systems. This study uses Support Vector Machine (SVM) method to predict leakage discharge of coastal dykes. Five different models are used to achieve this goal, with parameters including the length of the cutoff blanket, dyke depth, and water head considered. The best support vector machine model is checked using a multivariate adaptive regression spline model (MARS) for prediction. Results show that the model including all parameters predicts settlement discharge with very good accuracy compared to the laboratory model, with a coefficient of determination and root mean square coefficient of 0.949 and 0.058 respectively in the test stage and 0.93 and 0.06 in the test phase estimates. The dyke depth parameter has the greatest effect on leakage flow, while the water head has the least effect among input parameters to the model. Although the adaptive regression multivariate spline model accurately estimates the annual dyke leakage flow rate, it is less accurate than the support vector machine method.

The aim of the current research is to evaluate the effect of placing a compound sharp-crested weir at different angles in the channel on its hydraulic performance. For this purpose, Flow-3D software was used to simulate the effect of the placement angle of the compound sharp-crested weir in the channel, considering four angles: zero (perpendicular to the flow pass), 15, 30, and 45 degrees. The comparison of the error percentage obtained between the results of the flow discharge and the depth of the upstream weir from the numerical results and the laboratory data was 0.39% and 2.86%, respectively. The results of the flow pattern passing through the compound sharp-crested weir showed that the flow lines are closer to each other when approaching the crest of the weir at the narrowing place, and the accumulation of flow lines increases in the place of the flow narrowing. The interference of flow lines at the narrowing place reduces the flow coefficient of the flow passing over the weir. The increase in transverse constricting and the decrease of 25 and 50% in the length of the weir crest caused a decrease in the flow discharge coefficient of 14.4 and 9.81%, respectively, compared to the sharp-crested weir of the same channel width. By creating a constant for the weir crown in the width of the compound weirs and placing them at a maximum angle of 45 degrees, the flow rate coefficient is increased 8.91% compared to the angle of the compound sharp-crested weir to the flow.

The downstream scour of the vertical drop can be one of the causes of instability and failure of this structure. In the present study, the downstream scour depth of this structure predicted using the support vector machine (SVM) method. For this purpose, 104 experimental data used to estimate the scour depth. hese data are a function of the two dimensionless parameters of dansimetric Froude number (Frj) and tailwater depth (yt / yj) that have been entered into the SVM in three different models. To evaluate the results, the evaluation criteria of R2, NRMSE, DC, and MARE used. The results showed that model number (1) with the input combination (Frj and yt / yj) with R2 = 0.9777, DC = 0.929, NRMSE = 0.0775, and MARE = 11.89% for the test stage leads to the best result. The SVM method also has appropriate accuracy, acceptable results, and desirable performance in estimating the scour depth. Also, it was found that the densimetric froude number has a greater effect on estimating the relative scour depth compared to the tailwater depth.

Statins, which are primarily used for controlling blood cholesterol levels, have a well-known role in inhibiting the inflammatory process and reducing mortality rate of infectious diseases. This study aims to evaluate the effect of atorvastatin along with standard treatment protocol in hospitalized adults with COVID-19.

This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on adults hospitalized due to COVID-19 infection at Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Qom, Iran from April to September 2020.  They were randomly divided into groups of treatment (n=37, receiving atorvastatin 40 mg daily for 30 days plus standard treatment protocol) and control (n=37, receiving standard treatment protocol alone). The data were analyzed in SPSS v.22 software using chi-square, paired t-test, and ANOVA. P<0.05 was statistically significant.

The CRP level in the atorvastatin-treated group decreased significantly such that there was a significant difference between the two groups after 30 days (P=0.01). There was no significant difference in Spo2 level on the discharge day. The length of hospitalization in the atorvastatin-treated group was significantly reduced compared to the control group (P<0.05).

The use of atorvastatin as an adjunctive treatment method, can significantly reduce the length of hospitalization and CRP level after 30 days in hospitalized patients.

Hydraulic engineers have always used applications in inclined drop to increase energy dissipation. In the present laboratory study, the simultaneous effect of the gabion and the vertical screens on the flow energy dissipation in the inclined drop structure was investigated. A total of 120 different experiments were performed for the flow range of 150 to 800 liters per minute and two heights, three inclination angles and two porosity ratios of vertical screens. The results show that in all models, the energy dissipation of the flow decreases with increasing the relative critical depth of the flow. The use of a vertical screens in a gabion inclined drop has little effect on flow energy dissipation, so that the average amount of increase in depreciation of the present study compared to a simple inclined drop equipped with vertical screens is 2.23%. The integrated system presented in the present study reduced the Froude number range from 1.66~2.11 to 0.83~1.9 compared to a simple inclined drop equipped with a vertical screen. A vertical screen with 50% porosity has a higher relative energy dissipation than a 40% porosity, and changing the inclination angle of a inclined gabion to the constant porosity of the screens does not cause much change in the amount of flow energy dissipation. Also, due to the low effect of the integrated system of the present study on the energy dissipation values of the flow, therefore, the simultaneous use of a vertical screens and inclined gabion is not economically recommended.

In this study, first, the hydraulic flow by combining the gabion structure with a vertical drop and then the effect of porosity and length of the gabion structure on the energy dissipation values were investigated. For two modes of simple vertical drop and gabion, a total of 260 experiments including two heights of 15 and 20 cm drop, three porosities of 40, 45, and 50 percent, and eight different gabion lengths with a flow range of 150 to 800 liters per minute were performed. The results showed that in all the studied models, with increasing the relative critical depth parameter of the flow, the energy dissipation decreases and the relative downstream depth increases. The integration of the gabion structure caused the energy dissipation and the Froude number downstream to increase and decrease, respectively. On average, in all models, the use of gabions increased 57% of the energy dissipation of the current compared to the simple vertical drop and reduced the range of the landing number from 3.5-8.7 to 0.52-2.5. The flow regime passing through the vertical drop gabion physical models includes inflow, transient, and overflow, of which the Inflow regime plays a Major contribution in energy dissipation. For a constant relative length, increasing the porosity of the gabion structure increases the volume of water passing through the porous medium and the energy dissipation of the flow, In contrast for a constant porosity, increasing the relative length of the gabion structure has little effect on the energy dissipation.

In December 2019, a disease of unknown cause broke out in Wuhan and spread rapidly throughout the world. The disease was officially named -19 COVID by the World Health Organization (WHO). Recent evidence has shown that inflammation and hyperthyroidism play an important role in disease progression, especially in patients with severe involvement. Therefore, treatments that can reduce the inflammatory load or stop the cytokine production process are likely to be effective for patients with severe involvement. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effect of dexamethasone in patients with coronary heart disease and hypoxemia . This study was performed as a clinical trial with a control group, with parallel groups, without blinding, phase 3. The study on the effect of dexamethasone for corona treatment in Shahid Beheshti and Forghani hospitals in Qom province was performed by reviewing the records of patients hospitalized with Covid-19 in March 1998 and April 1999 . This study was performed through random sampling method, block allocation. In this study, a number of patients who had received dexamethasone at a dose of 12 to 16 mg daily for at least 3 days were randomly selected and another group of patients with coronary artery disease in terms of underlying disease, sex, age and severity were selected. Pulmonary involvement was almost identical and the results were evaluated .

According to the results and considering the results of damping outcomes, disease severity and length of hospital stay after treatment, 28.9% died in the intervention group and 49.4% in the control group. The difference was significant. (pv = 0.04) In terms of length of hospital stay and mean hospital stay in the intervention group was significantly higher than the control group. (pv = 0.00)

Based on the results of this study, the use of corticosteroid drugs in the treatment of these patients is effective in controlling the disease process and reducing its severity .

The present study investigated the characteristics of hydraulic parameters of Sloped Gabion Drops and Simple Drops. Therefore, 120 different experiments were performed on both types of sloped gabion drop and sloped simple drop with three angles and two heights. Results showed that by increasing the relative critical depth in both tested models, causes a reduction in relative energy dissipation rate but an increase in relative downstream depth. Comparing the results for sloped gabion drops and sloped simple drops showed that the use of gabion structures with three angles and two heights which, have been investigated, increases the average energy dissipation efficiency 561% and the average downstream relative depth 50.1% compared to the simple drops. So, this results in a decrease in the erosion of the downstream bed of the structure and the length of the pool. The results showed that as the angle of incline increases, the average energy dissipation efficiency decreases and, the average downstream relative depth increases. The results showed that the change in the angle of the incline in sloped gabion drops had a relatively small effect, in comparison with the simple drops due to the physical properties and the complex hydraulic effects of the flow through the porous structure. Also, some relationships were presented to estimate the relative energy dissipation rate and the downstream relative depth rate in the sloped gabion drops by using 80% percent of laboratory data, and the rest 20% of the data were used to test the relationships with the evaluation criteria.

In this paper, two groups of datasets including Froehlich (1988) and USGS were implemented to simulate scour depth for bridge piers of three shapes (circular, sharp-nose and rectangular) using support vector machine (SVM) algorithm. The results of the SVM were compared with gene expression programming (GEP) and the non-linear regression model. Independent parameters extracted using dimensional analysis were Froud number (Fr), the ratio of pier length to pier width (L/b), the ratio of sediment particle diameters (d50/d84), the ratio of sediment mean size to pier width (d50/b) and attack angle of water flow (α). Different combinations of independent variables were used to achieve optimum performance of the simulator. The results showed that among three simulators, the SVM algorithm had the best performance to predict local scour depth. The sensitivity analysis revealed that among independent parameters, the descending order of effectivity was Fr, sediment size, L/b, and α.

One of the important hydraulic issues is to study the effect of additional structures on dissipating the flow energy in overflow structures such as drops. In the present study, using a laboratory model, the effect of simultaneous use of horizontal screen and gabion in the inclined drop structure was investigated and compared with the results of other researchers. The experiments were performed for two heights and three inclined gabion angles, two screen porosity ratios and a flow rate of 150 to 800 liters per minute. The results of all the studied models showed that by increasing the relative critical depth, the relative energy consumption values decrease and the relative downstream depth increases. By increasing angle and height of the slope and decreasing the porosity of the screen for a constant relative critical depth, the relative energy dissipation of the inclined gabion drops equipped with a horizontal screen increases. Increasing the wetted length of horizontal screens causes two-phase flow and air entrance to the used system and consequently the amount of energy dissipation increases. Simultaneous use of gabions in the sloping section and horizontal screens at the edge of the drop has significantly reduced the downstream Froude number so that the downstream Froude number at all three angles and two porosity ratios decreased from range of 4.49-35 to range of 1.31-2.48 compared to the simple inclined slope and from range of 1.48-5.78 to range of 1.31-2.48 as compared to the inclined slope equipped with a horizontal lattice plate.

Controlling relative residual energy values, relative depth, and downstream Froude numbers are important issues faced by designers of inclined drop structures. In this study, 60 different experiments including three angles and two drop heights with subcritical flow at upstream were performed to investigate the effect of using gabion structure in inclined structure in comparison with using the stilling basin downstream of this structure. The results showed that for all experiments, increasing the relative critical depth increases the relative residual energy values and downstream relative depth. Relative energy values and relative downstream depth were significantly reduced when the gabion structure was used in inclined drop and the inclined gabion drop was constructed. The inclined gabion drop reduced the relative energy remained at downstream by 30, 33, 30, and 36 percent as compared to the standard type one, two, three and four stilling ponds, respectively. The average relative depth of downstream was also reduced 37, 40, 37 and 43% as compared to the standard type one, two, three and four stilling ponds, respectively. The range of Froude numbers reduced from 4.49-8.35 to 1.28-2.64. Also, some relationships were presented for estimating relative residual energy and relative depth at downstream of the gabion inclined drop structure.

COVID-19 pandemic is a global concern. In this study we suggest using a novel three-dimensional treatment mainly based upon immune system modulation to revolve the virus chaos, regarding to the cytokine storm introduced as the main character of COVID-19 infection scenario.

A young man infected by 2019-nCoVwho suffered from respiratory arrest and loss of consciousness(On March 27,2020), undergoes cardiopulmonary resuscitation and then Endotracheal  intubation and upon ICU administration and confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19, Considering critical condition of the young patient, plasmapheresis was performed once on a daily basis, three doses of interferonbeta(IFN-β-1b) was injected subcutaneously every other day and dexamethasone was given at a dose of 4 mg every 8 hours (TID).After 2 days, the patient was extubated and transferred from the ICU to the ward (March 31,2020) where plasmapheresis was performed 4 times daily for 4 days.Finally ,after 7 days of hospitalization, the patient was discharged with a good general condition.

we modulated immune system through plasmapheresis to sweep out the released cytokines and corticosteroid along with interferon andcommon antiviral treatments. Our data suggest this combined method to be effective for critically ill COVID-19 patients.

Different benefits of various herbal medicines in decreasing blood sugar have been reported in different clinical trials so far. Considering the growing tendency toward these combinations and the booming market, inappropriate advice is growing accordingly. Hence, it is necessary to evaluate the effects and possible complications of such combinations on health status and blood glucose control.

Two 38-subject groups were formed and a 12-week treatment program was administered for both groups. The inclusion criteria were failure to control blood glucose with two oral medicines, unwillingness to inject insulin. The medicine was prepared in capsules by Booali Company. Each capsule weighed 750 mg and contained nettle leaf 20% (w/w), berry leaf 10% (w/w), onion and garlic 20% (w/w), fenugreek seed 20% (w/w), walnut leaf 20% (w/w), and cinnamon bark 10% (w/w) all in powder.

At the beginning of the study, there was no significant difference between the subjects regarding the evaluated parameters, but after the intervention, the level of glucose was significantly lower in fasting (P=0.0001) and 2-hour postprandial(P=0.002) levels. The level of glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (P=0.0001) also decreased from 0.33±9.72 % to 0.20±8.39 %. Finally, the level of insulin resistance reduced from 1.9±4.1 to 1.4±2.6 (P=0.001) after consuming herbal medicine.

According to the results of the current study, the herbal combination was effective in controlling blood sugar, and considering the reduction of HbA1c by 1.31 %, it seems that the herbal combination is an effective medicine to treat diabetes.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common metabolic disorder in pregnancy which is caused due to insulin resistance and carries several risks for the mother and neonate. So, an updated data from its prevalence in different geographical areas is important.  This cross-sectional analytic study was performed on pregnant women referring health centers in Qom city from June 2013 to September 2014 for prenatal care. In week 10 of pregnancy, fasting blood sugar (FBS) was checked for all participants and those who had FBS >126mg/dL for 2 times were excluded from the study and all participants who remained in the study underwent oral glucose tolerance test with 75 gr glucose at 24-28weeks of gestation. Gestational diabetes was diagnosed on the basis of at least one abnormal responses of glucose≥92mg/dL, 1-hour glucose ≥180 mg/dL or 2-hour glucose ≥153mg/dL. A total of 4988 pregnant women enrolled the study. Based on 75g oral glucose tolerance (OGT) test results at 24-28 weeks of gestation, 1036 women (20.76%) had gestational diabetes. Gestational diabetes was significantly associated with maternal age, body mass index, history of gestational diabetes, a family history of type II diabetes in first-degree relatives, history of preterm labor, known hypothyroidism before pregnancy and history of macrosomia. Gestational diabetes has a high prevalence in Qom city, and it seems that new studies are needed to determine its prevalence in other regions.

Cardiovascular diseases are the most common causes of death in the world and type 2 diabetes is one of them because it is highly prevalent and doubles heart disease risk. Some studies suggest that insulin resistance is associated with coronary artery disease in non-diabetics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of insulin resistance (IR) and coronary artery disease (CAD) in non-diabetic patients.
In this cross-sectional study, from September 2014 to July 2015, 120 patients referring to Shahid Beheshti Hospital of Qom were evaluated. Their medical history, baseline laboratory studies, BMI and GFR were recorded. After 8 hours of fasting, blood samples were taken from the patients at 8 am, including fasting glucose and insulin level. We estimated insulin resistance using the homeostatic model assessment index of IR (HOMA-IR). Finally, we evaluated the association between IR and CAD.
Totally, 120 patients were assigned to participate in this study, among them, 50 patients without CAD and 70 with coronary artery stenosis. Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR> 2.5) was positive in 59 (49.3%) patients and negative in 61 (50.7%) patients. Hence, the correlation between IR and CAD was not statistically significant (P=0.9).
In this study, although the correlation was not found between insulin resistance and coronary heart disease, among men, we found a significant association between coronary heart disease and insulin resistance.

The aim of this research was to study the energy flow and the modelling of energy use in broiler production in the Guilan Province of Iran. The data were gathered through interview with 25 broiler farm managers out of a total of 146 broiler producers in Rasht, the center of Guilan Province, Iran. The effect of broiler farm size at three levels—small (˂20,000 birds), medium (20,000–30,000 birds), and large (˃30,000 birds)–was evaluated, based on the energy use indices. The Cobb-Douglas model and sensitivity analysis were used to investigate the effects of energy inputs on poultry production. The results showed that the total energy input and energy ratio were 2,605.54 Mcal (1000 birds)-1 and 0.234, respectively. Diesel fuel and feed were ranked the first and second energy inputs for broiler production with the shares of 43.92% and 36.68%, respectively, of the total energy input. The shares of renewable and non-renewable energy forms in broiler production were determined to be 37.33% and 62.67% of the total energy input, respectively. The energy ratios of small, medium, and large farms were computed as 0.232, 0.225, and 0.250, respectively. Consequently, the large-sized farms were more energy efficient than the small and medium-sized ones. Results of the Cobb-Douglas model showed that the impacts of energy inputs of labor, chick, diesel fuel, machinery, disinfectants, and medicines on broiler performance were positive, while the impacts of electricity and feed were negative.

Brucellosis is a zoonotic infection which is endemic in many countries. It is a multisystem disease which may present with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations and complications. Neurobrucellosis is an uncommon complication of brucellosis.
A 25-year-old woman with a history of lupus for 5 months referred to the emergency ward of Shahid Beheshti Hospital of Qom due to vertigo, drop attack and a convulsion episode from the previous day. She was unable to move at initial evaluation, and her upper and lower extremities were spastic. She had blurred vision one day after admission. Based on her past history and suspecting neurological pulmonary presentations, treatment with immunosuppressive drugs was started and brain MRI was performed. According to the MRI mode and endemic area, neurobrucellosis was suspected and 2ME and Wright tests were performed. Wight test was 1.5120 while 2ME test was 1.640 which were strongly positive. So, with neurobrucellosis diagnosis, the patient was treated but unfortunately 4 days later, after respiratory apnea, she was pronounced dead.
In endemic areas for brucellosis, neurobrucellosis should always be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of neurological and psychiatric cases that are encountered.

Cardiovascular diseases are one of the most common causes of fatal diseases in the world. Alterations in biochemical composition of blood plasma are associated with coronary heart disease. In this study, some biochemical markers were investigated in patients suspicious to coronary artery disease (CAD) without acute coronary syndrome symptoms.
In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 120 patients suspicious to CAD, were ivestigated. In all of them, physical examinations were performed and biochemical parameters, were measured. The patients were divided into CAD-positive and -negative groups, and their biochemical markers were compared.
CAD-positive cases, was significantly associated with Troponin, ESR, and Helicobacter pylori-Positive serology. A significant association was found between age, male gender, BMI, and positive CAD. ESR sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values and positive and negative likelihood ratio for diagnosis of CAD, were 56.5%, 65.5%, 63.6%, 58.5%, 1.61, and 0.66, respectively. Also, Troponin sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and positive and negative LR, were 18%, 96.5%, 84.5%, 52.3%, 5.2, and 0.85, respectively. A positive correlation was found between Helicobacter pylori-positive serology and CAD-positive cases (1.48-10, CI=95%, OR=3.86, p=0.006).
Based on the findings of the present research, in patients without acute coronary syndrome symptom, only ESR>10mm/h, positive cTnI, and Helicobacter pylori-positive serology had different results between the patients with and without CAD, which can be suggestive of CAD in asymptomatic cases.

Aim: The aim of this study is to survey the effect of Helicobacter Pylori on metabolic syndrome parameters in diabetic patients.
Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection is the most common infection in developing countries. Some studies showed the association between HP infection and insulin resistance. Insulin resistance is a major mechanism in the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and it is said that MetS is more prevalent among HP infected subjects. Also, some studies have shown that MetS is common among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of MetS in diabetic patients and its association with HP. This cross-sectional study was carried out from May to December 2014 on 211 diabetic patients. For each patient, the following data were collected: age, gender, diabetes duration, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, blood pressure (BP), HDL, cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol, and HbA1c. The lipid profile was performed on fasting samples. Anti- HP IgG antibody was measured and serum titer >30AU/mL was considered positive. MetS was diagnosed by The National Cholesterol Education Program’s Adult Treatment Panel III report (NCEP-ATPIII) and IDF criteria.
Totally 139 patients (65.9%) were HP and 72 patients (34.1%) were HP-. Age, gender and diabetes duration were not significantly different in both groups. BMI was significantly lower in HP women (29.05±5.26 vs. 31.45±4.8, p=0.02). Although the waist circumference of men was not different between the two groups but it was significantly lower in HP women (102.04±12.37 vs. 97.3±10, p=0.03). Although BP and TG levels were not statistically different in HP and HP- patients, but HP patients had lower HDL level (p=0.037) which was due to lower HDL in men (58.2±26.6 vs. 72.48±28.1, p=0.012). The prevalence of MetS according to the IDF criteria among HP and HP- patients was 76.6% vs. 69.8% (p=0.27). Also, the prevalence of MetS according to NCEP-ATP III criteria among HP and HP- patients was 90.4% vs. 87.2% (p=0.5). Duration of diabetes did not affect the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among HP and HP- patients.
It seems that HP infection increases the prevalence of metabolic syndrome through an increase in insulin resistance. According to NCEP-ATPIII criteria, the increase in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in HP patients is almost significant, however more complete studies is recommended to investigate this relationship.

Primary hyperparathyroidism is a relatively common endocrine disease in which one or more parathyroid glands produce uncontrolled secretion of parathormone (PTH). Case Report: The patient was a 53-year-old woman referring to the emergency department with severe pain and swelling in left foot from one night prior to the admission. Examination of the head and neck, chest and abdomen were normal. Left lower limb had 3+ pitting edema and its size was 3cm greater than the right leg. On color Doppler sonography of the left lower extremity, deep vein thrombosis (DVT) extended to the iliac vein was reported. Abdominal and pelvic ultrasound image showed a hypoechoic area in the uterus and a 40mm cyst in the left kidney. Regarding the presence of hip bone osteolytic lesions, high calcium, and low phosphorus, the patient was suspected of hyperparathyroidism. She was referred to a surgeon and a parathyroid adenoma was seen in the left parathyroid gland. After a week, the patient's calcium level was corrected, PT was in the goal range and she was discharged with good general condition.

In the Islamic Republic of Iran, the first motivation for Employees is offering service to people while carrying out the commands of God. Thus, the success in accomplishing tasks is the fulfillment of the goals of Divine rule. The Islamic republic of Iran’s goal is to serve people and to achieve this goal, competent and qualified staff is needed. So one of the features of the Islamic Republic is the quality of human resources in the government. This paper based on the Koran, Nahjul Balagheh, and other religious books and hadith narrations, intends to review Islamic perspective on authorities ethic and fighting corruption. For this purpose, the duties of the State, managers and Employees to create a healthy state in thirteen paragraphs are summarized.

Cardiovascular diseases are among the most common causes of death and disability in patients with type 2 diabetes. According to some studies, Vitamin D deficiency is associated with risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to compare the serum level of Vitamin D between diabetic patients with coronary artery diseases and control group. In this case-control study, patients with diabetes referred to Shahid Beheshti Hospital of Qom for coronary angiography, were divided into two groups of positive angiography (case group) and negative angiography (control group). In this study, stenosis of the lumen of at least one coronary artery more than 50% was considered as positive angiography and suffering from coronary artery disease, and stenosis lower than 50% was considered as negative angiography. Personal characteristics, biographical information, consisting of age, gender, history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking, history of coronary artery disease, and family history were recorded using a questionnaire. Venous blood samples of the patients were taken to measure the serum level of 25-hydroxy Vitamin D, and the two groups were compared in terms of Vitamin D level. The mean serum level of 25-hydroxy Vitamin D was 35.09±26.41ng/ml. Also, there was no significant difference between case and control groups. The level was 35.67±29.58ng/ml in the case group and 34.50±23.30ng/ml in control group. The level of Vitamin D in patients with cardiac disease had no significant difference. The results of this study indicated that there was no relationship between serum level of 25-hydroxy Vitamin D in type 2 diabetic patients and stenosis of coronary arteries.