rahmani

In this research, titanium dioxide (TiO2), as a metal-oxide semiconductor that can be applied in dye-sensitized solar cells as a photoanode, was studied and synthesized. For this reason, thin films of TiO2 were grown using the spray pyrolysis method and their physical properties were studied. To prepare the FTO substrate as the conductive layer, the FTO layer was deposited on the glass substrate. The transmittance above 90% in the visible region and low electrical resistance allows the use of the synthesized FTO as a transparent electrode. Subsequently, TiO2 films were coated using spray pyrolysis at the temperature of 150°C on top of both bare glass and FTO coated glass substrates. The precursor solution for spray was made of TTIP as the main material and isopropanol as solvent. Samples were prepared by two methods of pulsed and non-pulsed spraying in two volumes of precursor solution of 200 and 350 mL. Results showed that the pulsed deposited samples cause the formation of TiO2 films with higher crystal quality. XRD pattern analysis revealed the formation of the anatase crystal phase with preferred growth along the (101) plane on the FTO substrate. Considering its physical characteristics, the TiO2 sample deposited on FTO in a precursor solution volume of 200 mL by the pulsed method was introduced as the most suitable sample for being used as a photoanode.

This paper considers a scheduling problem with uncertain processing times and machine breakdowns in industriall/office workplaces and solves it via a novel robust optimization method. In the traditional robust optimization, the solution robustness is maintained only for a specific set of scenarios, which may worsen the situation  for new scenarios. Thus, a two-stage predictive algorithm is proposed to efficiently handle the uncertainties and find robust and stable solutions. The first stage creates robust solutions and ensures their stability in the new scenarios. The second stage proposes a novel stability measure to proactively offset the effects of the machine breakdowns of the former stage. Moreover, a tri-component measure based on efficiency, robustness, and stability is proposed which aims to create a realistic schedule to satisfy the customers, manufacturers, and the staff. To meet the customer’s requirements, the robustness measure is defined based on the tardiness and the delivery dates of jobs. Finally, the proposed algorithm is applied to a case study, and the findings are compared with the empirical data. The results emphasize the superiority of the proposed technique in satisfying the customers, staff, and increasing the profitability and accountability of the company.

In this article, the vibration and dynamic response of an orthotropic composite cylindrical shell under thermal shock loading and thermal field have been investigated. The problem is that the shell is initially located at a first temperature, and some tension caused by a mild heat field is created, then the surface temperature of the cylinder suddenly increases. The partial derivative equations of motion are in the form of couplings with the heat equations. First, the equations of motion are derived by the Hamilton principle, here first-order shear theory and considering strain-shift relations of Sanders are used. Then, the equation system including the equations of motion and energy equations by the Runge–Kutta fourth-order methodare solved. In this study, the effects of length, temperature, thickness and radius parameters on natural frequencies and intermediate layer displacement are investigated. The results show that the increase in external temperature decreases the natural frequency and increases the displacement of the system. Also, the results of radial transitions were evaluated with previous studies and it was found that it is in good agreement with the results of previous papers.

The main objective of this study is to evaluate heavy metals contamination of highly consumed vegetables and hazardous effects of consuming these vegetables. The study was conducted in vegetable fields in three different regions according to the level of environmental pollutions, including "Isfahan", "Flavarjan" and "Faridan, Golpayegan and Natanz". Six types of vegetables in each field with three replicates in each region were selected in the summer of 2017 by the random sampling method from vegetable fields. The level of heavy metals (Pb, Cu, Co, Cd and Cr) in vegetables has been measured for each sample. The result showed that in the Isfahan region, the highest daily intake of Pb, Cu, Co, Cd and Cr for the consumption of all the vegetables was obtained in the recipients. The highest target hazard quotient for non-cancerous diseases of contaminated vegetables was 28.9 and 21.1 in "Isfahan" for children and adults, respectively. The target hazard quotient for vegetable consumption was greater than one and at high hazard for both age groups. The principal component analysis showed that the contamination by the heavy metals in the "Isfahan" and "Falavarjan" regions overlapped and the risk of contamination of heavy metals in urban vegetables in both regions increased the hazard of non-cancerous diseases. It is highly recommended that the quality standards of foods that are imposed on the production of food crops.

In this paper, a trajectory tracking control of a nonholonomic wheeled mobile robot is proposed based on terminal sliding mode control, and the proposed method has been implemented on a wheeled mobile robot. A wheeled mobile robot is a nonlinear nonholonomic system, and it has three extended coordinates and a nonholonomic constraint. First, the equation of wheeled mobile robot for the extended chained form is derived by transformation of the nonholonomic system equation to the extended chained form. Then a finite time terminal sliding mode approach for trajectory tracking control of the wheeled mobile robot is presented. Afterward, with a graphical simulation environment which is applicable in the Matlab software, graphical simulations of wheeled mobile robot’s movement are done. The result of the graphical simulation in comparing with sliding mode control show the performance of the proposed method. Finally, the practical results of implementation of the controller for trajectory tracking of the wheeled mobile robot is shown, and the results show good tracking performance of the proposed method.

Aequorin as a bioluminescence protein due to ease of use, non-toxic, and high capability of detecting has long been the interest of researchers. The aim of this study was to design a method for accurate and simple detection of important therapeutic agents using a bioluminescence inhibition based assay by using aequorin.

In this study, important drugs in therapeutic monitoring with structural similarity to Coelenterazine, were selected and their interaction with aequorin was investigated. Further, the conditions of the bioluminescence assay were optimized to achieve the lowest detection limit.

Among the drugs whose effects have been tested on aequorin, the only benserazide resulted in inhibition of the bioluminescence activity. This analyte can significantly reduce the bioluminescence of aequorin in a concentration-dependent manner. The best dose-response curve was obtained and IC50 of 0.26µM was calculated. The linear calibration curve was obtained in a range of about 100 to 1500nM with LOD and LOQ of 79 and 260nM, respectively. Furthermore, we demonstrated the application of the approach in human serum samples with a recovery of 97%. Guddem-Schild graph was plotted to determine the mechanism of inhibition which indicated that the IC50 of benserazide changed in the presence of different concentrations of Coelenterazine.

The proposed method can be used for measuring benserazide which can easily be applicable for real samples. Also, the results show that benserazide inhibits the bioluminescence activity of aequorin by competitive inhibition.

In this paper, the effects of unified temperature loading and Winkler-Pasternak elastic foundation on the vibration of functionally graded curved nanobeam have been studied. The proposed model is based on the modified couple stress theory and the Timoshenko beam model. The continuous distribution of material along the thickness of functionally graded curved nanobeam is achieved by changing the gradient index in the volume fraction. The governing equations and related boundary conditions are obtained using the Hamilton principle. By analyzing the quantitative and qualitative results in the tables and figures, influences of geometrical and thermo-physical parameters such as gradient index, aspect ratio, unified temperature difference, the ratio of thickness to length scale parameter and arc angle of functionally graded curved nanobeam on the natural frequency for different vibration mode have been interpreted. There is an excellent agreement between the present results and the results of the previous works. Applied temperature loading increases the sensitivity of the natural frequency to the changes in the aforementioned parameters and also increases the range of its changes. Also, applying the Pasternak elastic foundation changes the behavior of the natural frequency to the temperature changes.

In this study, the effects of four diets including standard food (68% wheat flour, 29% wheat bran and 3% yeast) and standard diets with oil additives including 10% palm oil, glycerin oil and pumice oil was studied on biological properties of Mediterranean flour moth. The study was carried out in a rearing chamber set at 25 ± 1 °C, relative humidity of 65 ± 5% and complete darkness. The fecundity rate was recorded (264.31 egg 250.54 egg and 335.03 egg in the diet containing pumice oil, glycerin oil and palm oil respectively that was significantly lower than standard diet (393.2 egg). There were significant differences in intrinsic rate of population increase (r) among diets, diets containing pumice oil (0.092 day-1), palm oil (0.101 day-1), glycerin (0.099 day-1) and standard food (0.109 day-1). Net reproduction rate (R0) in standard food (174.75 offspring /individual) was not significantly different from palm diet (127.31 offspring /individual), but significantly higher than pumice diet (76.65 offspring /individual) and glycerin diet (102.27 offspring /individual). Insect’s longevity in standard diet (52.86 day) was not significantly different from glycerin added diet (54.08 day) and palm (49.17 day) but the remaining diet had a meaningful difference. Therefore, diets containing palm, glycerin and pumice oil did not have much more efficiency than standard food for use in artificial diet based rearing this insect.

Azospirillum bacteria are one of the most important plant growth promoting rhizobacteria which exist in the rhizosphere of many crop plants. In this research, some soil and plant roots were collected from wheat and maize rhizosphere of the fields in Isfahan and were cultured in the tubes containing Nitrogen Free Bromothymol (NFB) medium. In order to isolate Azospirillum strains, the grown bacteria pellicles were streaked on NFB and Rojo Congo (RC) specific and semi-specific media. The bacteria were isolated and purified using morphological characteristics on the medium. After gram staining, catalase, oxidase and oxidative-fermentative tests, the detection and identification of Azospirillum isolates was done by molecular tests using PCR test with Az16S-A and Azo494-F/Azo756-R specific primers and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Plant growth promoting characteristics (PGP) of Azospirillum isolates were determined by investigating the presence of NifH and NifD genes of nitrogenase enzyme by PolF/PolR and FdB260/FdB261 specific primers respectively. The properties of phosphate solubilization and production of chitinase, HCN, siderophores and indole acetic acid of isolates were performed by using specific tests. The replication of 646, 263, 360, and 390 bp fragments by Az16S-A, Azo494-F/Azo756-R, PolF/PolR and FdB260/FdB261 primers respectively, confirmed the presence of Azospirilum bacteria and the presence of NifH and NifD genes. Specific tests also revealed the ability of indole acetic acid production, insoluble phosphate solubilizationwith average value of 15 and 18.8 mg/l respectively and siderophore production in isolates. The results showed that some of the isolates possessed several PGP properties, while some of them had one or no characteristic. Finally, the sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene in some isolates determined and three species of A. brasilense, A. lipoferum and A. zeae identified in rhizosphere of wheat and maize plants.

The knowledge related to the methodology of the field trial study as a type of intervention studies, yet for many of our researchers is not fully understood. The aim of the current study was a better understanding of conducting this type of research.
Field trial studies are done on healthy individuals and aim to prevent. These types of studies such as clinical trials are performed on both individual and collective levels. One type of these studies is Community Intervention Trial which is usually done on a large scale population. Field trial study should be carried out in stages, such as the formulation of hypotheses, selection of the population (reference population, study population, and sampling), measuring the baseline variables (before conducting preventive intervention), random allocation of subjects to intervention and control groups, doing interventions and measuring outcome.
The methodology of field trial studies is very similar to clinical trials. The difference is that field trials are conducted on healthy individuals and aim to prevent and also the sample size required to this type of study is relatively more, and these studies are usually time consuming and costly.

In this paper, the dynamic response of electro actuated viscoelastic microbeam is investigated and micropolar theory of elasticity has been used to consider the effects of size in microstructure. Euler-Bernoulli beam theory and Hamilton’s principle with considering viscoelastic integral constitutive equations, the midplane stretching effect, the axial residual stress and electrostatic force has been used to obtain the equation of motion and the boundary condition of fixed-fixed viscoelastic microbeam. Therefore, the nonlinear integro-differential equation in Volterra integral equation form is obtained. Galerkin method will be used, in order to solve the nonlinear partial integro-differential governing equation and then it converted to the ordinary integro-differential equation. By using the fourth order Runge - Kutta method, we can obtain the response (transverse displacement) of the electro actuated viscoelastic microbeam. In the following, the effect of initial gap value and material length scale parameter on the viscoelastic microbeam behavior are investigated. In the end, the viscoelastic microbeam is simulated in the FE software and the problem is analyzed in quasi-static form. In order to validate, the simulation result is compared with the result obtained from the quasi-static solution of the viscoelastic microbeam.

With increasing population, food supply has become one of the major challenges facing governments and nations. On the one hand, the management of food waste and the excessive use of fertilizers and chemicals in the production of food products, on the other hand, have very detrimental effects on the environment and human health. Sustainability issues have spread to almost all branches of science, and studies in this area are on the rise. In this regard, supply chains have not been neglected and multi-objective models have been developed with regard to sustainability dimensions. Although most models in the field of sustainable supply chains consider only two economic and environmental dimensions, and social issues has been less considered by researchers. What is clear is that human beings are the most valuable capital on this planet, and the lack of focus on social matters, especially in the quantitative supply chain models, is due to the complexity of modeling this dimension. In this paper, along with economic and environmental dimensions, one of the most important social issues, the society healthy nutrition style of human, including customers, employees and other sectors of the society, has been considered. This way, a centralized two-echelon supply chain for agricultural products is considered. Deterioration and disposal of inventories in the warehouse and during transportation, the downward demand substitution, warehouse capacity limitation as well as non-linear holding cost are some specifications of the problem taken into account. A multi-objective linear mathematical model is proposed to model the problem and by applying a real case data, sensitivity analysis is done for main parameters. The numerical results show a significant interrelationship between the process of production and consumption in the direction of sustainability especially for the case of deteriorating agricultural products. In this way, the key role of supply chain managers not only in production planning, but also in providing a model for sustainable consumption of food and improving nutrition style will be declared.

In last two decades, with increasing access to the Internet, like the social networks and other web-based medias, costumer's distributors and producers show are interested to have closer relations with each other. In this paper, we examined dynamic advertising and pricing equilibrium strategies of a dual channel supply chain members, based on Stackelberg and centralized game models through differential game theory approach. Because analyzing interactions among a set of members in a supply chain could better described by tools of game theory. supply chain members can compete or cooperate with each other to promote and optimize their payoffs. Supply chain consists of a Manufacturer and one retailer. Manufacturer provides the product for the final consumer by two traditional and online channels. By a closer look, online channel, manufacturer tries to sell products to the final consumers as a retailer without intermediators such as retailers or distributors. The retailer's local advertising has a positive and direct effect on its sales. This leads them to compete between manufacturer and retailer at the retail level. Both of them, attempt to gain more profits and effects on the competitor's profit in the retail level through both online and traditional channels by controlling sale prices in order to obtain the optimal pricing strategies in the presented differential game of. Behavior of the advertising decision, selling price and profits of each member in the chain were modeled in these scenarios and analyzed using a numerical example. In addition, the total profit of supply chain in each of scenarios was compared. According to the results of Numerical analysis, in Stackelberg scenario, advertising effort, price and Profit of manufacturer in online channel are higher than advertising effort, price and profit of retailer in traditional channel, respectively. Conversely, in centralized scenario, advertising effort, price and profit of manufacturer in online channel is lower than the advertising effort, price and profit of Retailers in traditional channel, respectively.

Limitations in conventional soil identification methods and the advances made in information technology in soil science have attracted more attention to new approaches to soil mapping in order to improve the purity of soil maps. The present study was carried out in a part of Ilam province to identify and prepare soil maps of this region. At first, 46 profiles were identified. Then, based on the morphological characteristics of each profile, soil samples were taken from all genetic horizons and analyzed for chemical and physical properties. Then, the soils were classified based on the Soil Survey Staff keys (2014). A multinomial logistic regression model was used for spatial prediction of soil taxonomic classes. The geomorphometric features were extracted from digital elevation model with a resolution of 30 m2 by SAGAGIS2.2 software. The classification results of each soil control profile in the studied area showed that, in general, the soils were in three order categories: Mollisols, Inceptisols, Entisols, and six classes at the family level. The correlation between the features of digital elevation model showed that the parameters of the mid slope position, spatial solar radiation, index of moisture content, ground roughness index, surface curvature, and profile curvature had the most effect on the formation of soil family classes. The overall accuracy and Kappa index of spatial prediction map from the regression model was 60% and 0.38 at the familial level, respectively. Finally, the results of this study showed that geomorphometric variables had a significant influence on the prediction of soil classes. Therefore, it is suggested that in future studies, other covariates derived from remote sensing data should also be used to improve the quality and accuracy of soil maps.

In this paper, the identification of methane CH4 and carbon dioxide CO2 and their separation from each other were studied using zinc oxide decorated on graphene sheets ZnO-GS nanostructure. In this set of calculations, adsorption mechanism, electron structures, density of energy states, charge transfer processes, and system electrical conductance were studied at room temperature for different configurations resulting from the adsorption of CH4 and CO2 on the ZnO-GS nanostructure. All calculations were done based on density functional theory DFT using DFT-GGA and vdW-DF methods. The results indicated that the ZnO-GS nanostructure is useful in the identification and separation of CH4 and CO2 from each other. It can be used as a nanosensor for the identification of these gases. Further, the electrical conductance of ZnO-GS nanosensor at room temperature before and after the adsorption of CH4 and CO2 was investigated. The results revealed that at room temperature, the sensor’s electrical conductance increases following the adsorption of these gases, which can be used as an index for CH4 and CO2 identification. Another result obtained from the calculations is the significant difference between the adsorption energy of CH4 and CO2 gases on the ZnO-GS nanostructure, having the potential to change this nanosensor into a suitable option for the separation of methane and carbon dioxide from each other. The results obtained from this study are in congruence with the results of experimental and theoretical studies in literature.

This study was designed to investigate the effects of two models of training with different days of rest-to-training ratios of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and natural honey supplementation on serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and its expression in the hippocampus of immature Wistar rats. Thirty-six male rats were randomly assigned into six groups: control; honey (10% in drinking water); 4-day strenuous interval training; 4-day strenuous interval training+honey; 7-day strenuous interval training; and 7-day strenuous interval training+honey. They underwent HIIT (from 10-16 m/min in the first week to 36-40 in the last week) during 4-day (three days training, one day rest) and 7-day (six days training, one day rest) models for a month. Results demonstrated that the serum concentration of IL-6 was significantly (P=0.001) higher in the 7-day program in comparison with the control group.  Supplementation with honey in the 7-day group resulted in a lower level of serum IL-6 compared with 7-day group alone (P=0.018). There was no significant difference between four days and control groups (P=0.946). Both 7-day (P=0.007) and 4-day (P=0.005) training programs lead to a significantly higher level of gene expression of IL-6 in the hippocampus. However, honey supplementation didn’t modulate hippocampal gene expression in 4-day-honey (P=0.983) and 7-day-honey groups (P=0.583). Therefore, HIIT increases hippocampal gene expression of IL-6; however, longer period of training cause increase systemic inflammatory cytokines. Although honey supplementation couldn't adjust the central effect of the intensive interval training, it can ameliorate systemic inflammation. Also, honey hasn't anti-inflammatory effect in non-training and non-inflammatory conditions.

The entry of textile mills’ wastewater into the environment causes severe disruption to aquatic environments. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the performance of processes of UV/ S2O8 and UV/H2O2 in removal of Uranine dye from aqueous solutions. In this laboratory study, in a batch reactor, the efficiency of UV/S2O8 and UV/H2O2 photocatalytic methods in removing the dyes of Uranine from aqueous solutions was investigated. In this study, a UV-C low pressure mercury lamp covered by quartz and 150 W was used inside a steel chamber with a high degree of reflection. The pH variables (3-5-7-9 and 11), the concentration of hydrogen peroxide (10-15-20-30 and 50 Mmol/l), the concentration of persulfate (0.1-0.5-1-1.5 and 2 Mmol/l) and primary dye concentrations (10-25-50-75 and 100 mg/l) were optimized. The highest removal efficiency (100%) was attained by UV/S2O8 process under the optimized conditions as follows: pH 3, persulfate concentration 2 Mmol / L, Uranine concentration 10 mg/L and contact time of 5 min, but, by UV/H2O2 process the same amount of dye was removed in the optimal conditions of pH = 3, the hydrogen peroxide concentration 20 Mmol / L, Uranine concentration 10 mg/L and contact time of 2.5 min. According to the results, the methods used to remove the mentioned paint in the wastewater have a 100% efficiency. Also, the catalyst concentration and reaction time variables have a more effective role in the removal efficiency than the other parameters.

Nowadays supply chain management and following it supplier selection has become a vital and eective topic. This issue in major industries such as power industry is more signicant. In recent decades, determining the most appropriate energy suppliers is considered as a strategic factor in the supply chain of country's electricity industry to move towards sustainable development. The massive increase consumption of fossil fuels for producing electricity during the 20th century was accompanied by several problems in economic, social and environmental levels. Thus, the energy as it is produced, distributed and consumed currently does not meet the requirements of sustainable development. Power industry plays a signicant role in achieving economic development and welfare of a country. Therefore, predicting a bright and reliable future for it is very important. Traditionally, organizations consider criteria such as price, quality, exibility, etc. when evaluating supplier performance. While the articles on the selection and evaluation of suppliers are abundant, those that consider sustainability issues are rather limited. The main purpose of this research is to rank energy suppliers in electricity industry based on the principles of sustainable development. For this purpose, a comprehensive review of literature and doing some exploratory interviews with academic experts and experts of Renewable Energy Organization of Iran (SUNA) was performed and main factors aecting the sustainability assessment of energy suppliers were recognized. Then the experts working in SUNA as our research's decision makers judged and evaluated the energy suppliers via a survey based on 20 Qualitative criteria. We used grey number to express linguistic values of expert's subjective preferences and GRA (Grey Relational Analysis) technique to rank suppliers.in this research Criteria of energy supplier evaluation are summarized from environmental, social, economic, technical and political-governmental aspects that are the ve dominant aspects of energy sustainable development .Results indicate that natural gas, solar energy and wind power are ranked rst to third among the options allocated to power generation.

Energy absorbing systems are used in many engineering structures, especially in moving machines, to prevent or to reduce impact induced damages. The aim of this study is to survey deformation and energy absorption of sandwich structures consisted of two concentric aluminum tubes with EVA polymer foam between them. Two loading methods have been used; quasi-static loading and impact loading. Deformation mode, energy absorption and mean crush force were investigated as mechanical behavior parameters. Moreover, the effects of changes in tubes length and foam density on these parameters have been studied. For parametric study, finite element simulations carried out using LS-Dyna software. Results of the study show that using foam increases energy absorption; the higher the foam density the greater the energy absorption and mean crush force. Furthermore, comparison of folding mechanism between foam-filled structures and empty ones shows that using foam does not affect the folding mode.

Transportation is a sub-sector of developed countries and plays an important role in economic development and tourism, and is a bridge to the relationship between human generations and various civilizations in the world. This study has been conducted by searching for past research from 2006 on tourism in databases, publications, journals and domestic publications aimed at the effects of tourism business on aviation industry. The results have shown that advanced airports, safety and ease of use by flying alongside airlines using tourism mixing elements, especially advertising, the development of tourism and the prosperity of the region's economy have led to the emergence of new businesses, such as low cost airlines, which have a decreasing effect on cost. Exhausted travelers and tourists, to the economic cycle and birch the country's prosperous country is the best alternative to oil revenues.

Laccases are potent enzymes that are capable of oxidizing various phenolic and non-phenolic compounds as well as resistant environmental pollutants. One of the most effective methods for improving their properties, such as increasing the stability of these enzymes and even increasing their activity, is the immobilization of laccases on different carriers. In the process of immobilization, the enzyme is bonded to a solid carrier which is insoluble in the reaction mixture. In this process, the movement of the enzyme in space is severely restricted, while its catalytic activity is still maintained. One of the carriers used to create recyclable biocatalyst systems is mineral. Minerals as inorganic carriers are inexpensive, abundant in nature, readily available, and also have high biocompatibility. The objective of the present study was to investigate the adsorption properties of Laccase enzyme from T. versicolor fungus on montmorillonite K10 and zeolite minerals using Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherms. For this study, the pure laccase enzyme (> 10U mg-1), 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) substrate and montmorillonite K10 mineral (with a specific surface area of 220-270 m2/g and a cation exchange capacity (CEC) equal to 30 meq 100 g-1) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Zeolite mineral was provided from a mine located in southeast Semnan province. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of both minerals, CEC of zeolite with sodium acetate solution (pH=8.2) and zeolite surface area were determined. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) analyzes of zeolite mineral were also done. In order to immobilize laccase on the minerals, 200 mg of both minerals were activated by shaking with 0.5N HNO3 for 2 hours and a solution of 2% 3-aminopropyltriethoxylane in acetone. The activated minerals were treated by a 5% solution of glutaraldehyde in a 0.1M sodium acetate buffer (pH=5) and were shaken for 24 hours with 0.25-2.0 mg of the laccase dissolved in the buffer. Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherms were determined. The experiment was carried out at a constant temperature of 20°C. The results were analyzed using the MSTATC software and the means of the data were compared using Duncan’s multiple range test. Based on the results, the zeolite type was clinoptilolite with a chemical formula of (Na,K,Ca)2.5Al3(Al,Si)2Si13O36.12H2O. Moreover, BET Surface Area, Langmuir Surface Area, t-Plot Micropore Area and t-Plot External Surface Area of zeolite were 40.2712, 645.4780, 3.5188 and 36.7524 m2/g, respectively. Laccase absorption on montmorillonite K10 showed the highest compliance first with the Dubinin–Radushkevich model (R2=0.97) and then with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model (R2=0.96). Based on the D-R model, the theoretical monolayer sorption capacity (qm) and the constant of the sorption energy (ß) of montmorillonite K10 were 3 mg/g and 0.62 (×103 mol2/J2), respectively. According to the Langmuir isotherm, there was probably a homogeneous distribution of active sites on the montmorillonite K10 mineral surface. On the other hand, laccase adsorption on zeolite showed the best compliance with the Freundlich model (R2=0.87). Accordingly, sorption capacity (KF) of zeolite was 0.05 mg/g (L/mg)1/n. The amount of n parameter as an indicator of the favorability of sorption process was 1.49 demonstrating favorable absorption condition. The values of R2 obtained for Temkin isotherm model were, however, equal in both minerals (R2=0.62 for montmorillonite K10 and R2 = 0.61 for zeolite), and based on this model, the adsorption process was likely to be exothermic. According to the values of the equilibrium parameter (RL) of montmorillonite K10, the absorption was favorable. However, with increasing the initial concentration of laccase, the amount of RL approached zero indicating the laccase adsorption on the mineral is more favorable at higher initial concentrations of laccase. Based on % Removal parameter, the highest percentage of laccase adsorption on montmorillonite K10 and zeolite was related to concentrations of 250 and 125 mg/L, respectively, which showed a statistically significant difference with other concentrations. In general, laccase absorption on montmorillonite K10 showed the best fit with Dubinin–Radushkevich and Langmuir adsorption isotherm models. On the other hand, adsorption of laccase on zeolite mineral showed the best fit with Freundlich model. A higher degree of steric hindrance and conformational changes in the enzyme structure is likely to occur and subsequently, the catalytic efficiency of the enzyme complexes may decrease. Therefore, montmorillonite is more suited to be used as a carrier of laccase enzymes. However, complementary studies such as kinetic tests will help to make final decisions.

Researches have shown that overweight is associated with an increased risk of eating disorders and consequently, leads to a decreased quality of life.. Therefore, the treatment that targets both overweight and eating disorders is vital. So, This study was designed to determine the effect of dialectical behavior therapy on quality of life in women with overweight and binge eating disorder. In this trial study, the study population consisted of all women diagnosed with obesity, overweight and binge eating disorder in Kashan, Iran in 2015. 60 women were selected through convenience sampling and assigned randomly to experimental and control groups. The experimental group received 20 sessions dialectical behavior therapy in 10 weeks while the control group did not receive any intervention. Subjects in both groups were evaluated for quality of life with WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire before and after intervention. Then data was analyzed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The mean and standard deviation of the experimental group was 29.82±7.91 and for the control group  31.47±7.22 (p=0.340). The results of ANCOVA revealed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of quality of life in posttest (p<0.001). According to the results, it seems that dialectical behavior therapy with changing life style, improving interpersonal relationships, emotion regulation strategies and distress tolerance and mindfulness, can be suggested as an effective and complementary psychological intervention in binge eater in order to improve their quality of life.

Today, sandwich structures are being used in many applications. Understanding the behavior of these structures and their properties is necessary for proper and optimum design. Because of thin face sheet and low stiffness of foam core, sandwich beams are very sensitive when exposed to local loading. Due to their structure, carbon nanotubes (CNT) have excellent mechanical properties, which improve the mechanical properties of the polymer when added to polymer matrix. In this article, the indentation behavior of sandwich structure is studied experimentally and theoretically. ABAQUS software is used for modeling the indentation behavior of sandwich beam. Elastic modulus of epoxy resin reinforced with CNT with different weight fractions is obtained with use of Mori-Tanaka theory and also by fabrication and testing of the composite specimens. Results show that adding CNT up to 0.3 %wt improve the elastic modulus of composite, while weight fraction of CNT more than 0.3% decrease the mechanical properties. Finally, the results obtained from the analytical solution and ABAQUS modeling were compared with the results obtained from experimental tests of indentation of sandwich structures. An acceptable agreement was observed between the results.

In this paper, an almost new control approach called terminal synergetic control which works based on user defined manifold is applied to a nonlinear helicopter model. Stability analysis is convestigated using Lyapunov stability theory. Synergetic controller is applied to this nonlinear fifth-order helicopter model to control height and angle. Simulation results showed that it has faster and smoother response in tracking reference inputs in comparison to sliding mode control, intelligent autopilot controller and feedback linearization method.

The aim of this study is to investigate hemodynamic parameters such as radial and longitudinal velocities, pressure gradients, and wall shear stress of blood flow through a time-varying radius tube with one end closed. Application of this research is in the intra (as AVICENA) and extra cardiac assist devices, in which their balloons can increase the blood’s energy by its periodic inflation and deflation and it makes the blood to be pumped strongly into the aorta. The equation is considered as a two-dimensional model with axial symmetry and analyzed as an analytical solution for aorta. This research shows the continuation of the numerical analysis of the intra- and extra-aortic cardiac assist device in the past papers of the authors in an analytical and two-dimensional model. Results show that the longitudinal velocity is increased as we move from balloon inlet to the balloon outlet along the length of balloon. At a specific time as we move from the balloon walls towards to the centerline of the balloon, the radial velocity of blood flow decreases. It means that the blood flow radial velocity at the centerline of the balloon is close to zero. Pressure is decreased as we move from the end closed to the balloon outlet. Although the wall shear stress increases during contracting of balloon, its value is less than that of existing in aorta, thereby concluding that the chosen-balloon properties may be appropriate to be used for the balloon implanted in the aorta.