tania dehesh
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Objectives
COVID-19 has emerged as a significant global threat, originating from an unidentified source in Wuhan, China, and swiftly spreading worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the survival outcomes of hospitalized patients in Kerman, the largest province in southeastern Iran.
MethodsWe analyzed the survival rates of patients admitted to hospitals using the nested frailty Cox model. The primary focus was on the duration of survival for individuals diagnosed with COVID-19, defined as the time from hospital admission until either death or the end of the study period. Factors influencing survival included demographic characteristics such as age, gender, pre-existing health conditions, and other relevant variables. The study reported the incidence rate and percentage of fatalities, while hazard ratios and confidence intervals were used to assess mortality risk.
ResultsOur research involved 5,087 participants, revealing that 15.2% succumbed to COVID-19. Among those who died, 59.9% were male, and 67.4% were aged between 41 and 80 years. Notably, 37.8% of the deceased experienced fever, while 46.1% presented with a cough. The risk of death was found to be 1.35 times higher for men compared to women, and individuals aged 40 to 80 had a 1.59 times greater risk than those under 40. Additionally, having comorbidities such as cancer and hypertension increased the risk of death by 1.70 and 1.21 times, respectively.
ConclusionThe study highlights the importance of providing specialized care for older adults and individuals with underlying health conditions, alongside public education on recognizing COVID-19 symptoms.
Keywords: Survival Analysis, COVID-19, Nested Frailty Cox Model -
Background
Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) is the most prevalent cause of vaginal infection among women. This study aimed to summarize the evidence related to the effectiveness of medicinal plants as an alternative therapy for the management of BV.
Materials and MethodsPubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Medline PubMed were systematically searched. Moreover, we searched Google Scholar to explore the possible effects of herbal treatments on BV in women of childbearing age up to 2022. All randomized clinical trials investigating the effects of medicinal plants as oral or vaginal monotherapy or in combination for BV treatment in women of childbearing age were included in this systematic review.
ResultsIn total, 20 studies comprising 2685 participants were included in our review. The results show that combinations of herbal medicines such as Prangos ferulacea, Berberis vulgaris, Myrtus communis, and Quercus Brantii with metronidazole can have better results in the treatment of BV. Moreover, the main results show that some medicinal plant products alone such as Forzejehe (Tribulus terrestris + Myrtus communis + Foeniculum vulgare + Tamarindus indica), Zataria multiflora, and Calendula officinalis had therapeutic effects similar to metronidazole. Propolis and Brazilian pepper tree (Schinus) were effective in the treatment of BV, but they have less therapeutic effect than metronidazole.
ConclusionsTo reduce the complications caused by chemical treatments and also the resistance of patients to these treatments, it seems necessary to use supportive treatments along with chemical drugs after the necessary approvals have been obtained.
Keywords: Bacterial, Complementary Therapies, Medicinal, Medicine, Persian, Plants, Systematicreview, Vaginosis -
مقدمه
مهاجران حاشیه نشین باعث بروز مشکلات فراوان در ابعاد اقتصادی، اجتماعی و فرهنگی، کالبدی و زیست محیطی شهرها می شوند. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی عوامل موثر بر مهاجرت به شهر کرمان و مشکلات مهاجران حاشیه نشین با استفاده از مدل فرآیند تحلیل سلسله مراتبی و تکنیک ترتیب ترجیح براساس مشابهت با راه حل ایده آل بود.
روش بررسیحجم نمونه در این مطالعه مقطعی درسال 1402، 147 خانوار بود که از بین خانوارهای مهاجر به مناطق حاشیه شهر کرمان انتخاب شد. ابزار جمع آوری اطلاعات پرسشنامه استاندارد سنجش عوامل مهاجرت به شهر کرمان و چک لیست میزان برخورداری مهاجران از امکانات شهری بود. جهت توصیف داده ها از شاخص های فراوانی، میانگین و انحراف معیار و جهت تحلیل داده ها از آزمون های آماری همبستگی پیرسون، تی تست مستقل و واریانس یک طرفه و همین طور آزمون های ناپارامتریک کروسکال والیس و من ویتنی استفاده شد.
یافته هامهم ترین ابعاد مهاجرت به ترتیب عوامل اقتصادی، اجتماعی، جغرافیایی و اقلیمی، سیاسی، آموزشی -پژوهشی و مذهبی- فرهنگی بود. انتقال شغل مرد خانواده، قرار گرفتن در مسیر شاهراه های زمینی و هوایی و راه آهن کشور، نقش و جایگاه ویژه در سطح بین المللی، دفن اموات فامیل در شهر موردنظر و ادامه تحصیل زن یا یکی از فرزندان خانواده در دانشگاه 5 مولفه با بیشترین تاثیرگذاری در مهاجرت بودند. بر اساس نتایج، بیش از 90% جمعیت مورد مطالعه به حمام های عمومی، تاسیسات ورزشی، مراکز دولتی، نهادهای خصوصی، پارک و فضاهای تفریحی دسترسی نداشتند.
نتیجه گیریبراساس مدل تحلیل سلسله مراتبی ازنظر مهاجران عوامل اقتصادی و سپس عوامل اجتماعی مهم ترین دلایل مهاجرت به حاشیه شهر کرمان بود؛ بنابراین ایجاد فرصت های شغلی پایدار و بلندمدت و بهبود فضای اشتغال و کسب وکار در شهرستان ها ، توسعه زیرساخت ها به ویژه راه آهن برای کنترل مهاجرت به مرکز استان پیشنهاد می شود.
کلید واژگان: مهاجرت، تحلیل سلسله مراتبی، تکنیک ترجیح براساس مشابهت با راه حل ایده آل، حاشیه نشینی، کرمانIntroductionMarginal immigrants cause many problems in economic, social and cultural, physical ,and environmental aspects of cities. This study aims to investigate the factors affecting migration to Kerman city and the problems of marginalized immigrants using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) models.
MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted in 2022, with a sample size of 147 households selected from Kerman suburban region. The data were collected by a standardized questionnaire measuring effective factors on the migration and the checklist of the immigrant problems.
ResultsThe most important immigration factors were economic, social, geographical, political, educational and religious-cultural factors, respectively. Among 37 components studied, transferring the job of the family man as the family head, being on the main land, air and rail ways, having a special position at the international level, burying the family’s dead members in the desired city, and the education of the wife or one of the children of the family were the most important components.
According to the results, more than 90% did not have access to public baths, sports facilities, government centers, private institutions, and parks, and recreational spaces.ConclusionAccording to AHP model, economic factors ,and then social factors, were the most important reasons for migrating to the suburbs of Kerman. Therefore, it is suggested to create stable and long-term job opportunities , improve employment and business environment in the cities, and develop infrastructure to control migration to the city capitals.
Keywords: Migration, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), Technique For Order Of Preference By Similarity To Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), Kerman -
Background
Leishmaniasis is highly prevalent worldwide, and while conventional medicine offers numerous treatment methods for cutaneous leishmaniasis, Iranian traditional medicine suggests various remedies. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of an herbal combination containing Indigofera argentea leaves, Pistacia atlantica resin, and Salvia hispanica seeds in patients with zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis.
MethodsThis study was conducted at the Leishmaniasis Department of Chabahar Health Center in southeastern Iran in 2021. It was a double-blinded randomized clinical trial involving 68 patients enrolled after clinical diagnosis, examination of smear samples using Giemsa staining, and PCR confirmation. The volunteers were randomly divided into intervention and control groups. Both groups received 'Glucantime ® as the primary medication weekly until complete healing or up to 12 weeks. Glucantime ® was administered intralesionally at a dosage of 0.1 cc on the wound's margin, with repeat injections at 1 cm intervals along the wound edge when necessary. In addition to the main drug, the intervention group received the herbal product topically twice daily until wound healing or for up to 4 weeks, while the control group received a placebo in the same manner.
Results82.35% of patients in the intervention group and 20.58% in the control group achieved complete healing within four weeks. There was a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.001).
ConclusionThe herbal product demonstrated effectiveness in treating patients with zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis.
Keywords: Leishmaniasis, Indigofera Argentea, Pistacia Atlantica, Salvia Hispanica, Iran -
ObjectivesThis study aims to assess the efficacy of local heat therapy (Kaiy) in alleviating symptoms of mild to moderate idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS).MethodsA single-blind clinical trial was conducted involving patients with mild and moderate idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome. A total of 120 patients were randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group. Both groups utilized a medical wristband during nighttime. The intervention group received pen moxa as a local heat therapy tool (Kaiy) applied to the wrist region. The Boston questionnaire was employed for assessment.ResultsHeat therapy using Kaiy (pen moxa) significantly improved symptom severity (P≤0.0001), functional status (P≤0.0001), and pain scores (P≤0.0001) in patients with mild to moderate CTS compared to those in the control group without heat therapy.ConclusionThis study demonstrates the positive impact of heat therapy (Kaiy) as a non-surgical approach for reducing pain, symptom severity, and functional impairment in CTS patients. Integrating complementary and alternative medicine with conventional treatment modalities could enhance symptom management with minimal side effects.Keywords: carpal tunnel syndrome, traditional Persian medicine, complementary medicine, Kaiy, Heat therapy
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Background & Objective
Clinical education has a very important contribution to the educational process of medical science students. Simple and understandable methods help to learn complex clinical processes, such as cardiopulmonary bypass device. The present study aimed to assess the effectiveness of the cardiopulmonary bypass device educational program using painting and group discussion for anesthesiology students based on the Kirkpatrick model.
Materials & MethodsThis quasi-experimental study was conducted on 30 undergraduate anesthesiology students. The intervention group (n=15) were trained on cardiopulmonary bypass device by painting and group discussion, and the control group (n=15) received common education. Pretest and posttest data were collected in the two studied groups using a researchermade questionnaire to evaluate the reaction and learning. The data were analyzed in SPSS software.
ResultsAt the reaction level, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. At the learning level, the mean score of knowledge in the intervention group changed significantly compared to the control group.
ConclusionAs evidenced by the obtained results, the educational program of cardiopulmonary bypass device using painting and group discussion resulted in positive outcomes in the two evaluated levels of reaction and learning.
Keywords: Cardiopulmonary Bypass, Kirkpatrick Model Medical Education -
INTRODUCTION
Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Recent studies have shown that the COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with a higher frequency of stroke. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiologic aspects of stroke two years before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Kerman.
METHODThis cross-sectional study was conducted in Kerman. The participants included all patients with a confirmed diagnosis of stroke. COVID-19 confirmation was based on a positive PCR test. The data was analyzed with SPSS.V24 software.
RESULTSIn this study, 4152 patients with stroke were evaluated. The frequency of stroke before and during the COVID-19 pandemic was the same. The total number of stroke patients with COVID-19 was 298 (8.16%). The frequency of ischemic stroke patients before the COVID-19 pandemic was 1751 and during the pandemic was 1770. Before and after the pandemic, the mean age of ischemic stroke patients was 67.42±14.14 and 64.49±14.46 respectively, which showed a statistically significant difference (P>0.001). Our findings showed a significant difference between the NIHSS of ischemic stroke before and after the pandemic (P<0.001). The mortality rate of stroke patients was 111 before COVID-19 and 115 patients in the first two years of COVID-19. Except for the mortality rate (P<0.001), there was no significant difference in other demographic variables between ischemic stroke patients with and without COVID-19.
CONCLUSIONThe patients with ischemic stroke during the COVID-19 pandemic were younger and had more neurological deficits than the ischemic stroke patients before the pandemic. COVID-19 was associated with higher mortality in patients with ischemic stroke.
Keywords: Frequency, corona, Sex, Mortality, Ischemic -
Background
Due to the increasing prevalence of intestinal diseases, colonoscopy is considered a safe and fast diagnostic and treatment method for these patients. According to studies, most patients waiting for a colonoscopy experience fear and anxiety. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a pre‑colonoscopy education program on the fear and anxiety of patients undergoing colonoscopy.
Materials and MethodsThis randomized clinical trial study was conducted on patients undergoing colonoscopy in hospitals in southeast Iran. A total of 90 participants were selected by convenient sampling and randomly assigned to two groups control (n </em>= 45) and intervention (n </em>= 45). The patients in the intervention group received nursing interventions before colonoscopy, while the patients in the control group received only routine care. The data were collected using a researcher‑made fear of colonoscopy scale, its Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (0.92), and the Spielberger State‑Trait Anxiety Inventory. The data were analyzed with a Chi‑square t</em>‑test and pair t</em>‑test.
ResultsThe data showed that anxiety and fear of colonoscopy in the patients in the intervention group significantly decreased compared to the patients in the control group (p </em><0.001).
ConclusionsUsing non‑pharmacological methods before colonoscopy can reduce the fear and anxiety in patients who are candidates for this procedure and similar invasive procedures. The intervention performed in this study can be used together with other methods to control patients’ fear and anxiety. Especially for nurses, It is recommended to do pre‑colonoscopy education programs for these clients.
Keywords: Parvin Mangolian Shahrbabaki, Nadere Baniasadi Asadi, Tania Dehesh, Esmat Nouhi -
Background
Cardiovascular disease is the most common chronic disease and the leading cause of death in the world. Stress and anxiety are among the most important risk factors of cardiovascular disease.
ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess the effects of ceiling display and natural sounds on stress and anxiety among cardiac patients.
MethodsThis randomized controlled trial was conducted in 2018–2019 in the coronary care units (CCUs) of two teaching hospitals affiliated to Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. Participants were 220 cardiac patients randomly allocated through block randomization to four 55‑person groups, namely ceiling display group, natural sounds group, combined ceiling display and natural sounds (display sound) group, and control group. The Spielberger State‑Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Perceived Stress Scale were used for data collection at the beginning of the study and at the time of discharge from CCU. Data were analyzed by the Chi‑square and paired‑sample t‑tests and the analysis of variance.
ResultsThe mean scores of state and trait anxiety and stress significantly decreased in all intervention groups (P < 0.05) and did not significantly change in the control group (P > 0.05). There were significant differences among the groups respecting the posttest mean scores of state and trait anxiety and stress (P < 0.05). The posttest mean scores of state and trait anxiety in the combined display‑sound group and the posttest mean scores of stress in the natural sounds group were significantly less than other groups.
ConclusionCeiling display and natural sounds are effective in significantly reducing state and trait anxiety and stress among cardiac patients in CCU and their combination produces more significant effects.
Keywords: Anxiety, Ceiling display, Heart disease, Sounds of nature, Stress -
Context
Chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear (CBRNs) disasters represent a disconcerting event for governments, health care providers, the public, and hospitals need to be prepared to cope with such disasters. Therefore, the present scoping review was conducted to identify and analyze the parameters and global experiences of hospital preparedness against CBRN disasters.
MethodsThe study is a scoping review that examines English and Persian databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and Jihad Daneshgahi Scientific Information Database (SID), Iranian Research Institute for Information Science and Technology, Magiran, and Iranmedex. Reviewing the studies found on the search bases was carried out in three stages; title, abstract and full text. According to refined studies, the data were extracted in order to meet the objectives and respond to the research questions.
ResultsIn the initial search, 1104 articles were identified. First, the articles were reviewed in terms of duplication, year of publication, title, abstract, and relevance to the topic, and finally, 17 articles that met the inclusion criteria were incorporated in the systematic review process. Finally, 8 primary issues addressed in the articles including (1) Staff training, (2) Planning to deal with disasters, (3) Personal protection equipment, (4) Risk perception, (5) Decontamination of medical centers and wards, (6) Detection of CBRN infection, (7) Availability of drugs and antidotes, and (8) The presence of health professionals and staff were discussed. The review of findings reported by various studies revealed shortcomings in the above eight areas.
ConclusionsMost hospitals have begun to undertake activities to deal with CBRN and follow a special program for this purpose. However, due to the industrialization of human societies and the surge in CBRN events and other threatening activities, this level of preparedness is not satisfactory and further planning is warranted. However, the present study offers valuable insights and recommendations for policymakers and hospital managers to improve their hospital preparedness for the risks of CBRN disasters.
Keywords: Hospital Preparation, Chemical Accidents, Biological Accidents, Radiation Accidents, Scoping Review -
BACKGROUND AND AIMOral health is an integral part of general health. There are many epidemiological studies on oral health of school-aged children; however, orphan oral health has been neglected. This study aimed to evaluate oral health status and oral hygiene behaviour of orphans who are living in care home.METHODSAll children aged between 6-18 years who were living in 20 orphan care homes participated in the study after acquiring legal permission and signing consent form. Data of dental caries, gingival health, and oral hygiene factors were recorded by a trained dentist using World Health Organization (WHO) oral health basic survey methods. Descriptive analysis was performed to reach the study aim and objectives.RESULTSTotally, 356 children participated, with 50.6% of male group. The study subjects were classified in two age groups of 6-12 and 13-18 years old. Mean decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT)/dmft was 1.73 ± 1.84 and 4.13 ± 3.80 in 6-12-year-old group, respectively. Only 39.5% of 13-18-year-old group had healthy gingiva. Mean of plaque index (PLI) was 0.98 ± 0.86 for whole study population. There was a significant relationship between gender and PLI and also tooth brushing behaviour.CONCLUSIONOral health of orphan children is not adequate. Therefore, regular dental check-up and oral health education programs are necessary.Keywords: Oral Health, Orphaned, Home Care Services, Iran
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Purpose
To compare two methods of laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy (LSCP) and sacrospinous ligament fixation (SSLF) in terms of efficacy and safety in the treatment of vaginal apical prolapse. Materials and Methods This prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 32 patients with symptomatic vaginal apical prolapse, referred to the female urology clinic of Kerman University, Iran, during 2018-2019. The patients were re-examined at 12 months after surgery. Objective success was recorded using Pel-vic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POP-Q) classification as primary outcome. The subjective success of the meth-ods was determined by the quality-of-life parameters, based on Pelvic Floor Impact Questionnaire (PFIQ-7), Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory (PFDI-20), and Organ Prolapse/Urinary Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire (PISQ-12) scores as secondary outcomes. Moreover, complications were recorded in both groups.
ResultsThe amount of intraoperative bleeding was significantly higher in the SSLF group, compared to the LSCP group (P = 0.01). Persistent pain was observed in two (12%) patients in the LSCP group and five (31%) patients in the SSLF group (P = 0.2). The decrease in the total PFIQ-7 score was in favor of the LSCP group but not statistically significant (p = 0.06). The LSCP group showed bigger improvement in vaginal (p = 0.04) and bowel (p = 0.03) scores. The results of the PISQ-12 and PFDI-20 questionnaires as well as POP-Q examination were not different in two groups.
ConclusionAlthough the surgical methods of LSCP and SSLF can be equally effective in the treatment of apical prolapse, LSCP appears to be superior to SSLF regarding less bleeding.
Keywords: pelvic organ prolapse, laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy, vaginal sacrospinous ligament fixation, vault prolapse -
سابقه و هدف
هدف از انجام این مطالعه، بررسی اثرات محافظتی احتمالی آسکوربیک اسید بر سمیت ناشی از منکوزب بر پارامترهای اسپرم و ساختار بیضه فرزندان نسل اول موش بود.
مواد و روش هادر این مطالعه ی تجربی، موش های ماده ی باردار نژاد NMRI به طور تصادفی به چهار گروه شامل: کنترل، شم، منکوزب (500 میلی گرم بر کیلوگرم) و آسکوربیک اسید + منکوزب (100 میلی گرم بر کیلوگرم آسکوربیک اسید + 500 میلی گرم بر کیلوگرم منکوزب) تقسیم شدند. تیمارها از روز اول بارداری شروع شد و تا پایان شیردهی ادامه داشت. فرزندان نر هر گروه تا سن بلوغ (10-8 هفته) نگهداری شدند. وزن بیضه چپ اندازه گیری و ساختار آن مطالعه شد. سپس اپیدیدیم چپ فرزندان جدا و پارامترهای اسپرم (تعداد، حیات، تحرک و مورفولوژی) مطالعه شد.
نتایجکاهش معنی داری در پارامترهای اسپرم گروه منکوزب نسبت به گروه کنترل و شم مشاهده شد (001/0> P) و مصرف همزمان آسکوربیک اسید اثرات منفی ناشی از منکوزب را بهبود بخشید. همچنین پارامترهای بیضه شامل وزن، شاخص گنادوسوماتیک، قطر لوله های اسپرم ساز، نمره جانسون، و نیز تعداد سلول های زایا از جمله اسپرماتوگونی، اسپرماتوسیت، اسپرماتید و سرتولی در گروه منکوزب در مقایسه با گروه های کنترل و شم کاهش معناداری را نشان داد (01/0> P)؛ در حالی که مصرف همزمان آسکوربیک اسید اغلب این پارامترهای آسیب دیده ی بیضه و اسپرم را بهبود بخشید.
نتیجه گیریاین مطالعه نشان داد که مصرف آسکوربیک اسید در دوران بارداری و شیردهی اثر محافظتی در مقابل اثرات مخرب منکوزب بر پارامترهای اسپرم و ساختار بیضه فرزندان نر نسل اول موش دارد.
کلید واژگان: منکوزب، آسکوربیک اسید، بارداری، شیردهی، بیضه، اسپرمFeyz, Volume:25 Issue: 5, 2021, PP 1155 -1167BackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the possible protective effects of ascorbic acid on mancozeb-induced toxicity on sperm parameters and testicular structure in the first-generation mice pups.
Materials and methodsIn this experimental study, pregnant female NMRI mice were randomly divided into four groups including: control, sham, mancozeb (500 mg/ kg) and ascorbic acid+ mancozeb (100 mg/ kg ascorbic acid + 500 mg/ kg mancozeb). Treatments started at the first day of pregnancy and continued until weaning. Male pups from each group were maintain until puberty (8-10 weeks). Left testicular weight was measured and its structure was studied. Then, the left epididymis was isolated, and sperm parameters (number, viability, motility and morphology) were studied.
ResultsA significant decrease was observed in the sperm parameters of mancozeb group compared to the control and sham groups. However, concomitant use of ascorbic acid could improve the mancozeb-induced negative effects. Also, testicular parameters including weight, gonadosomatic index, diameter of seminiferous tubules, Johnsen`s score, as well as the number of germ cells including spermatogonia, spermatocytes, spermatids and Sertoli showed a significant decrease compared to the control and sham groups, also. While concomitant use of ascorbic acid could improve most of these damaged testicular and sperm parameters.
ConclusionThis study was showed that consumption of ascorbic acid along during pregnancy and breastfeeding periods has a protective effect against the destructive effects of mancozeb on sperm parameters and testicular structure of first-generation male pups.
Keywords: Mancozeb, Ascorbic acid, Pregnancy, Breastfeeding period, Testis, Spermatozoa -
Reza Bahramabadi , Zahra Honarvar, Maryam Iranpour, Mohammad Kazemi Arababadi, Tania Dehesh, Bahram Dabiri, Abbas Mortezaeizadeh Anari, Sahar Amirpour Rostami, Mohammad Salajegheh, Shahriar Dabiri*
Keywords: Cervical cancer, HPV genotypes, Human papillomavirus -
Background
β-thalassemia, a severe form of anemia, is an inherited blood disorder characterized by growth retardation, splenomegaly, and bone abnormalities. Complications related to treatment-induced iron overload also affect the quality of life of patients with major β-thalassemia. Some recent studies indicated cerebral hemodynamic disorders and increased risk of stroke in these patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate mean flow velocity (MFV) in some cerebral arteries of patients with major thalassemia using transcranial Doppler ultrasonography.
Materials and MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, 26 patients with major thalassemia were investigated. The definitive diagnosis was based on serum hemoglobin electrophoresis. Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography was performed in patients and MFV of internal carotid, anterior cerebral, and middle cerebral. Posterior cerebral arteries were measured. Demographic characteristics, duration of treatment, number of blood transfusions per month, the interval between the last blood transfusion, and the ultrasonography were recorded and analyzed statistically.
ResultsTen female and 16 male patients participated in this study. Results showed that 57.7% of patients had a hemodynamic abnormality in at least one vessel. The abnormality was significantly higher in the anterior and middle cerebral arteries (p<0.001 and p=0.005, respectively). Among the variables evaluated, age was significantly associated with hemodynamic dysfunction. This relationship remained significant after using the logistic regression analysis (p=0.0267).
ConclusionsSome patients with major thalassemia have a cerebral hemodynamic abnormality. Aging is associated with the higher frequency of this abnormality.
Keywords: Major thalassemia, Cerebral, Hemodynamic -
Background
There is no consensus on the effect of opium on stroke yet. Some studies show the negative effects of opium on ischemic strokes. Here, we attempt to compare the volume of lesions in opium addict and non-addict patients with thrombotic stroke.
MethodsThis case-control study was conducted on patients with thrombotic stroke at Shafa Hospital in Kerman, Iran. The diagnosis was confirmed by clinical examinations, imaging, and laboratory tests. The volume of lesions was calculated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and the data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-square test, and linear regression analysis.
FindingsA total of 60 patients were studied, 30 of whom were opium addicts and the rest were non-addicts. The mean volume of the lesion was 46.008350 ± 7.488990 (in the addict group) and 31.023335 ± 1.441570 (in the non-addict group), indicating a significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.005). Regression analysis results showed a significant relationship between the volume of stroke with opium addiction (P = 0.017), ischemic heart diseases (IHDs) (P = 0.006), hyperlipidemia (HLP) (P = 0.016), age (P = 0.035), and smoking (P = 0.044).
ConclusionThe results of this study showed a higher volume of lesion in opium-addict patients compared to that in non-addicts as an indicator of stroke severity.
Keywords: Opium, Thrombotic stroke, Magnetic resonance imaging -
Background
Authoritative trauma scoring systems can quickly assess the damage and show its severity plus prognosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the predictive value of the new Glasgow Coma Scale, age, and systolic blood pressure (GAP) and the new trauma score (NTS) indicators to determine the mortality of trauma patients in hospitals in Sirjan in 2019.
Materials and MethodsIn a descriptive‑analytical study, 2570 patients with multitrauma caused by traffic accidents transferred by the prehospital emergency were enrolled in the study. Demographic variables of patients as well as GAP and NTSs were collected and calculated, with the outcome of patients followed up and recorded during hospitalization. The predictive value of these scores was determined in clarifying the outcome of patients using SPSS software.
ResultsOf the total number of patients studied, 14 (0.5%) patients died during hospitalization. The mean GAP and NTS scores in dead patients were 12.78 ± 6.92 and 11.64 ± 7.36, respectively. Furthermore, in surviving patients, they were 22.19 ± 1.12 and 22.30 ± 1.22, respectively, with a P < 0.05 in each case. Based on the above tools with 95% confidence level, the area under the curve for the mortality was 0.932 for the GAP system and 0.944 for the NTS (P > 0.001).
ConclusionsBoth indicators could predict the mortality of patients with multitrauma. It could also be used to determine the priority of dispatch at the scene of the accident and the triage of the injured (people). Based on the results of the receiver operating characteristic curve, the NTS score has a higher accuracy
Keywords: Emergency ward, mortality, multiple trauma outcome -
Objectives
Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) usually coexist and are common among women. Since the efficacy of urodynamic studies (UDS) in evaluating these conditions is subject to controversy, this study aimed to assess the accordance between urodynamic findings and LUTS and to determine the importance of UDS in women with POP.
MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on women over 18 years with symptomatic POP referred to the female urology clinic of Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran, during 2017-2018. Patients who met the inclusion criteria were included in the study with informed consent. The Pelvic Floor Disability Index (PFDI-20) was completed for each patient. Pelvic examination was performed using the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification System (POPQ). Subsequently, multi-channel UDS was performed, and the findings were analyzed in SPSS 20, using Chi-square or Fisher’s test.
ResultsA total of 200 women with symptomatic POP were included in the study. Stress, urge, and mixed urinary incontinence showed significant accordance with the urodynamic findings (urodynamic stress incontinence and/or detrusor overactivity). However, there was no significant relationship between urinary voiding LUTS and urodynamic findings.
ConclusionUDS should be performed for selective patients with POP. According to the results of the present study, UDS can help us provide consultation for POP patients with voiding LUTS. However, in POP patients with urinary incontinence, this test cannot provide further information and should be performed based on the patient’s condition.
Keywords: Pelvic organ prolapse, Urodynamic study, Urinary incontinence, Voiding dysfunction -
Background
Pregnancy is associated with oxidative stress that results in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and unfolded protein response (UPR). Prolonged-unalleviated ER stress causes the activation of the autophagy pathway via UPR. Expression of genes encoding glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and BECLIN1 are induced in UPR and autophagy.
ObjectivesWe studied the mRNA expression of the aforementioned genes in the liver and brain of Nulligravida versus saline and ethanol-treated pregnant rats.
MethodsControl pregnant rats were orally treated with normal saline, and test animals received ethanol 250 mg/kg or resveratrol 120 mg/kg from day 1 to day 21 of gestation. Nulligravida rats treated by saline comprised the non-pregnant control group. On day 21, mRNAs encoding GRP78 and BECLIN1 were extracted from the liver and brain tissues and assessed using real-time PCR.
ResultsOur results showed that the level of transcripts encoding GRP78 and BECLIN1 was higher in the liver of pregnant rats compared to Nulligravida ones. Further, ethanol decreased the mRNA levels of GRP78 and BECLIN1 in the liver of pregnant rats, an effect that was reversed by resveratrol. Levels of GRP78 transcripts were decreased, and those of BECLIN1 remained unchanged in the brain of ethanol exposed pregnant rats.
ConclusionsLevels of mRNAs for GRP78 and BECLIN1 are up-regulated during pregnancy. These levels are reduced in the liver of ethanol-treated rats, and resveratrol compensates these effects.
Keywords: GRP78, BECLIN1, Ethanol, Resveratrol, Gestation, Oxidative Stress -
Introduction
Non-thyroidal illness is prevalent in patients with advanced stages of chronic kidney disease and could be considered as a risk factor for cardiovascular mortality; this relation is partially explained by malnutrition and the concomitant condition of high inflammation. This study is designed to investigate the relationship between left ventricular mass and thyroid hormone abnormalities and evaluate this relationship after adjustment of inflammatory factors and nutritional status in peritoneal dialysis patients.
MethodsA total of 71 patients undergoing maintenance peritoneal dialysis were included. Serum concentration of total and free triiodothyronine (fT3), total and free thyroxine (fT4), and TSH were measured. LV mass index and the structural properties of heart including LVEDD, LVESD, PWD, and EF were assessed by transthoracic echocardiography. The Surrogates of Inflammation, including IL-6, albumin, and hs-CRP were measured. The nutritional status of patients was assessed by one point SGA scoring and biochemical data. The relation between thyroid hormones and echocardiographic variables, inflammatory and nutritional markers was determined.
ResultsLVMI was significantly higher in the group with lower fT3 levels. Linear regression analyses showed statistically significant univariate association between fT3, tT3, and tT4; and LVMI. In multiple linear regression analysis adjusted for albumin, hs-CRP, IL6, and ferritin; only fT3 level had a meaningful negative correlation (P < .05) with LVMI, free T3 level was positively correlated with rGFR (P < .05, c = 0.39) and KT/V (P < .05, c = 0.27).
ConclusionLow fT3 level was negatively and significantly associated with LVML even after adjustments for known risk factors in peritoneal dialysis patients.
Keywords: LV mass, thyroidhormone, IL-6, CRP, low fT3, peritoneal dialysis -
مقدمه
تمکین دارویی از جمله رفتارهای بسیار مهم در زمینه مراقبت از بیماریهای قلبی -عروقی به شمار میآید. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی عوامل موثر بر تمکین دارویی بیماران قلبی -عروقی بر اساس مدل اعتقاد بهداشتی انجام گرفت.
روش ها:
در این مطالعه مقطعی، 450 بیمار قلبی -عروقی بستری در بیمارستان های آموزشی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمان به روش نمونهگیری در دسترس انتخاب و با پرسشنامه محقق ساخته اعتبار سنجی شده و مبتنی بر مدل اعتقاد بهداشتی جهت تعیین عوامل موثر بر تمکین دارویی مورد پرسشگری قرار گرفتند. داده های جمع آوری شده توسط نرم افزار SPSS نسخه 21 و با استفاده از آزمون های آماری کای دو، آنالیز واریانس و تی تست مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند.
نتایج:
در افراد مورد مطالعه، 5/40 درصد از سطح تمکین دارویی ناکافی برخوردار بودند. بین سازه های مدل اعتقاد بهداشتی با یکدیگر و بین تمکین دارویی با سازه های حساسیت درک شده، موانع درک شده و خودکارآمدی نیز رابطه معنی داری مشاهده گردید (001/0<P). بر اساس یافته های این مطالعه، مدل اعتقاد بهداشتی، 7/33 درصد از تغییرات واریانس متغیر تمکین دارویی را پیش بینی می کرد (001/0<P).
بحث و نتیجه گیری:
با توجه به یافته های این مطالعه می توان از مدل اعتقاد بهداشتی در برنامه ریزی و مداخله جهت بهبود تمکین دارویی در بیماران قلبی -عروقی استفاده نمود. طراحی یک مداخله آموزشی مبتنی بر این مدل به منظور ارتقاء تمکین دارویی بیماران پیشنهاد میگردد.
کلید واژگان: بیماران قلبی- عروقی، تمکین دارویی، مدل اعتقاد بهداشتی، کرمانBackgroundMedical adherence is one of the most important behaviors in the care of cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to determine the factors affecting cardiovascular patients’ adherence based on the Health Belief Model in 2016.
MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, 420 cardiovascular patients admitted to Kerman University of Medical Sciences educating hospitals were chosen via convenience sampling, and data was collected by a researcher made questionnaire based on the Health Belief Model about factors effective on medical adherence. The data were analyzed using Chi-square, ANOVA, and t-test in SPSS software 21.
ResultsIn this study, 40.5% of participants had a low level of adherence. There were significant relations between health belief model constructs together, and between adherence with perceived susceptibility, perceived barriers, and self-efficacy (p<0.001). The Health Belief Model predicted 33.7% of the variance in medical adherence (p<0.001).
ConclusionAccording to the findings of this study the health belief model can be used in planning and intervening to improve medical adherence in cardiovascular patients. Developing an educational intervention based on the Health Belief Model is suggested for enhancing medical adherence among patients.
Keywords: Cardiovascular Patients, Health Belief Model, Adherence, Kerman -
IntroductionWe investigated correlation between the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and the severity of Parkinson's disease (PD).MethodsIn this study, the RNFL thickness of 23 patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) was compared to normal controls (NCs). PD severity was assessed by the MDS-UPDRS (movement disorder society Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale) rating scale thoroughly in all parts. RNFL is measured by Ocular Coherent tomography (OCT). Scatter plots were used to evaluate the relationship between disease severity and retinal thickness.ResultsThe findings of the study demonstrated that patients with PD had a significantly thinner average RNFL thickness compared with controls (P=0.035). Superior and inferior retinal quadrants were thinnest in PD compared with the healthy group (P=0.021 and P=0.045, respectively). The MDS-UPDRS had a significant reverse correlation with RNFL (r = -0.518, P=0.011) and its temporal quadrant (r = -0.594, P=0.003). Among all parts of MDS-UPDRS scale, Part III had the strongest correlation with OCT findings.ConclusionA correlation was found between the severity of the disease and the thinning of RNFL. MDS-UPDRS Part III subscale had the strongest correlation with RNFL thickness. Temporal quadrant RNFL became thinner as Parkinson’s disease severity increased.Keywords: Parkinson’s disease, Optical coherence tomography, Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, Disease Severity, Unified Parkinson's disease rating scale
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مقدمهپوکی استخوان یک مشکل بزرگ بهداشتی و شایع ترین بیماری متابولیک است. این بیماری یک بیماری منتشر استخوانی است که با افزایش خطر شکستگی مشخص می شود.. پرستاران به عنوان کادر شاغل در بیمارستان، نقش مهمی را در شناسایی افراد در معرض خطر، انجام مشاوره و آموزش در خصوص پیشگیری از بیماری و شکل دهی رفتارهای مناسب در طول توان بخشی و درمان پوکی استخوان ایفا کنند. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی رفتارهای پیشگیری کننده از پوکی استخوان و ارتباط آن با سطح D3 در خون پرستاران شاغل در دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جیرفت در سال 1395 انجام شده است.روش کارپژوهش حاضر یک مطالعه توصیفی- همبستگی از نوع مقطعی است که نمونه پژوهش آن شامل 51 نفر از پرستاران شاغل در بیمارستان های وابسته به دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جیرفت (بیمارستان امام خمینی و بیمارستان آیت الله کاشانی) بودند. نمونه گیری به صورت غیر تصادفی سهمیه ای بود. روش جمع آوری اطلاعات از طریق پرسشنامه ای دو بخشی شامل اطلاعات جمعیت شناختی و رفتارهای پیشگیری کننده از پوکی استخوان و همچنین گرفتن نمونه خون جهت اندازه گیری سطح D3 در خون بود. تجزیه وتحلیل داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS نسخه 19 انجام شد.یافته هانتایج پژوهش نشان داد که رفتارهای پیشگیری کننده از پوکی استخوان در افراد 35-20 سال بیشتر است. پوکی استخوان با سایر ویژگی های جمعیت شناختی ارتباط آماری معناداری نداشت. بین رفتارهای پیشگیری کننده از پوکی استخوان و سطح D3 در خون نیز ارتباط معنادار مشاهده نشد.نتیجه گیریرفتارهای پیشگیری کننده از پوکی استخوان در سطح متوسط بود. بین دو متغیر ارتباط مستقیم وجود نداشت که نمایانگر ضرورت توسعه رفتارهای پیشگیرانه در پرستاران می باشد.
لطفا به مقاله به شکل زیر استناد کنید
نوحی ع، اسفندیاری ف، عزیززاده فروزی م، دهش ت. بررسی ارتباط بین رفتارهای پیشگیری کننده از پوکی استخوان و سطح D3 در خون در پرستاران شاغل در دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جیرفت در سال 1395. مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جیرفت، تابستان 1398؛6 (1):31-122کلید واژگان: پوکی استخوان، پرستاران، رفتارهای پیشگیری کننده، D3 خونIntroductionOsteoporosis is a major health problem and is the most common metabolic disorder. This disease is a diffuse bone disease characterized by increased risk of fracture.. Also, with regard to the fact that nurses as hospital staff who have the greatest contact with patients can play an important role in identifying people at risk, counseling and learning about disease prevention and the shaping of appropriate behaviors in the length of rehabilitation and treatment of osteoporosis. The aim of this study is to investigate the preventive behaviors of osteoporosis and its relationship with blood D3 levels in nurses working in University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft in 2016...Materials and MethodsThis is a cross-sectional descriptive-correlation study. The sample consists of 51 nurses working in hospitals affiliated to University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft (Imam Khomeini Hospital and Kashani Hospital). Sampling is non-randomized and data collection method is through a two-part questionnaire including demographic information and preventive behaviors for osteoporosis and taking blood samples to measure blood D3 levels. Data analysis is done using SPSS software version 19.ResultsThe results showed that preventive behaviors were higher in 20-35 year olds. Osteoporosis with other demographic characteristics is not statistically significant with Mann-Whitney test. There was no significant correlation between prophylaxis of osteoporosis and blood D3 levels according to Pearson test.ConclusionAccording to the results, the preventive behaviors of osteoporosis are moderate. There is no direct relationship between the two variables which indicates the necessity of development of preventive behaviors in nurses.
►Please cite this article as follows
Nouhi E, Esfandiary F, Azizzadeh Forouzi M, Dehesh T. Evaluation of Dialysis Sufficiency in Hemodialysis Patients at Imam Khomeini Hospital in Jiroft, 2016. Journal of Jiroft University of Medical Sciences. 2019; 6 (1):122-31Keywords: Osteoporosis, Nurses, Preventive behaviors, Blood D3 -
Mental workload is one of the factors that influence individuals performance in the work environment as well as their efficiency and productivity. The present study aimed at examining the association between mental workload and general health among welders of Tehran Heavy Structuress Metal Company.This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2016. The sample included 100 welders who were working in Tehran Heavy Structures Metal Company. Sampling was done through conducting a census. A demographic questionnaire, General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28), and National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) mental workload questionnaire were used to collect data. The obtained data were fed into SPSS (version 22) and analyzed through Chi-square, one-way ANOVA, Kruscal Wallis Test, Pearson product moment correlation, and Mann-Whitney U Test.The results showed that the participating welders had an average age of 36.16±7.81, an average work experience of 9.65±5.83, and a BMI of 25.95±3.39 kg/m2. The mean and standard deviation of the overall score of welders mental workload were 65.88±21.15. The cut-off scores for the total mental workload questionnaire and the subscales were respectively set at 23 and 6. The results demonstrated that 26% of the welders were suspected of mental disorder. Furthermore, the results of Pearson correlation indicated that there was no significant relationship between the overall score of NASA mental workload and that of general health (p-value>0.05).Welders mental workload is relatively high. Therefore, further research should be conducted in order to identify main risk factors that lead to mental and health disorder. Future studies should also be performed to present some solutions for te purpose of decreasing or preventing these side effects among welders as much as possible.Keywords: mental workload, general health, performance, welders
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International Journal of Community Based Nursing and Midwifery, Volume:3 Issue: 1, Jan 2015, PP 60 -66BackgroundThere are critical gaps in assessment and research on health among the elderly living in rural communities. The state of aging and health in rural areas provides a snapshot of our older adults’s need to necessary public health measures. The aim of this study was to determine the self-rated general health of adults residing in rural areas and compare the general health of the elderly with younger adults.MethodsIn this population based study using multistage random sampling, 2259 adults aged (≥15 years old) were selected from rural areas of Shiraz, southern Iran. The participants were divided into three age groups: young adults (15-39 years old n=1574), middle aged adults (40-59 years old, n=530), and the elderly (≥60 years of age, n-155). Data were gathered using a translated version of the general health questionnaire (GHQ-28) and analyzed using Chi-square, one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis tests and ANCOVA analysis. SPSS software, version 16, was used for analysis.Results34.8%, 31.6%, 52.3% and 7.7% of the elderly had a probable mental disorder in the somatization, anxiety, social dysfunction and depression categories, respectively. Moreover, 9.7, 7.1, 3.9 and 4.5% of the elderly had a severe mental disorder in the four mentioned subscales, respectively. Compared with younger adults, the elderly showed a significantly higher disorder in all subscales except for anxiety.ConclusionOur findings showed that chronic disease had a great effect on general health. Screening programs and prevention of chronic disease by the newly established family physician in rural districts can improve the overall community health.
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