فهرست مطالب zahra tardast

Considering the important role of tourism in the comprehensive development of areas and environmental sustainability and conservation of biodiversity in the habitats and acquainting tourists with the environment in the present age and with the formation of sustainable development of nature-oriented tourism is more important. Biophilic tourism as a new form of tourism is also influenced by its nature-centric nature in addition to economic aspects of the natural environment and the protection and development of nature and biodiversity in the surrounding environment.Using descriptive-analytical method, the present article tries to present appropriate strategies to investigate the most important Biophilic tourism strategies and analyze the internal relationships between these strategies to provide a model of biophilic tourism for Tehran in order to be able to do so. The maximum benefits from the tourism industry had the least negative effects on nature.The statistical population of the study is a group of experts selected by available method.Structural equation modeling and pls software were used for data analysis.The results of the research indicate that the strategy of the institutions and organizations that plays a managerial role in the model is the most important factor in strategic planning and development of biophilic tourism in Tehran.This strategy can overshadow other strategies and guide them towards tourism development.Considering the important role of tourism in the comprehensive development of areas and environmental sustainability and conservation of biodiversity in the habitats and acquainting tourists with the environment in the present age and with the formation of sustainable development of nature-oriented tourism is more important. Biophilic tourism as a new form of tourism is also influenced by its nature-centric nature in addition to economic aspects of the natural environment and the protection and development of nature and biodiversity in the surrounding environment.Using descriptive-analytical method, the present article tries to present appropriate strategies to investigate the most important Biophilic tourism strategies and analyze the internal relationships between these strategies to provide a model of biophilic tourism for Tehran in order to be able to do so. The maximum benefits from the tourism industry had the least negative effects on nature.The statistical population of the study is a group of experts selected by available method.Structural equation modeling and pls software were used for data analysis.The results of the research indicate that the strategy of the institutions and organizations that plays a managerial role in the model is the most important factor in strategic planning and development of biophilic tourism in Tehran.This strategy can overshadow other strategies and guide them towards tourism development.Considering the important role of tourism in the comprehensive development of areas and environmental sustainability and conservation of biodiversity in the habitats and acquainting tourists with the environment in the present age and with the formation of sustainable development of nature-oriented tourism is more important. Biophilic tourism as a new form of tourism is also influenced by its nature-centric nature in addition to economic aspects of the natural environment and the protection and development of nature and biodiversity in the surrounding environment.Using descriptive-analytical method, the present article tries to present appropriate strategies to investigate the most important Biophilic tourism strategies and analyze the internal relationships between these strategies to provide a model of biophilic tourism for Tehran in order to be able to do so. The maximum benefits from the tourism industry had the least negative effects on nature.The statistical population of the study is a group of experts selected by available method.Structural equation modeling and pls software were used for data analysis.The results of the research indicate that the strategy of the institutions and organizations that plays a managerial role in the model is the most important factor in strategic planning and development of biophilic tourism in Tehran.This strategy can overshadow other strategies and guide them towards tourism development.Considering the important role of tourism in the comprehensive development of areas and environmental sustainability and conservation of biodiversity in the habitats and acquainting tourists with the environment in the present age and with the formation of sustainable development of nature-oriented tourism is more important. Biophilic tourism as a new form of tourism is also influenced by its nature-centric nature in addition to economic aspects of the natural environment and the protection and development of nature and biodiversity in the surrounding environment.Using descriptive-analytical method, the present article tries to present appropriate strategies to investigate the most important Biophilic tourism strategies and analyze the internal relationships between these strategies to provide a model of biophilic tourism for Tehran in order to be able to do so. The maximum benefits from the tourism industry had the least negative effects on nature.The statistical population of the study is a group of experts selected by available method.Structural equation modeling and pls software were used for data analysis.The results of the research indicate that the strategy of the institutions and organizations that plays a managerial role in the model is the most important factor in strategic planning and development of biophilic tourism in Tehran.This strategy can overshadow other strategies and guide them towards tourism development.

With the advent of the industrial revolution and the changing attitudes and exploits of nature, there has been a rift between urban spaces and natural systems. This has led to the formation of ghostly urban spaces that have nothing to do with the morals, needs, and inherent dependencies of nature on nature. The myriad problems caused by this disruption have become one of the major concerns of urban planners. In this regard, biophilic approach as a new and holistic approach based on nature-based approach in urban spaces, by applying environmental indicators, citizenship and management, seeks urban ecological sustainability. The purpose of this study is to localize the global biophilic indices in the 9th and 10th districts of Tehran metropolitan, while trying to analyze the internal relationships between these indices, to present a model of biophilic city. The research population consists of a group of experts and experts in the fields of geography and urban planning, environment and urban planning. The research method is descriptive-analytical. Using structural equation modeling and pls software, a model is presented to explain and explain the relationships between the biophilic indigenous indices of the city and how the model variables are linked. The results show that biophilic entities and organizations index with path coefficient (5.330), biophilic infrastructure and conditions with path coefficient (4.314), biophilic attitudes and knowledge with path coefficient (3.423) and finally Biophilic activities with path coefficient (2.109) have the most influence on biophilic pattern design, respectively. Based on these results, the principles of moving towards biophilic can be provided by institutions and organizations, managers' policies for nature conservation, formulation and monitoring of biophilic model laws, partnerships, and partnerships. The grassroots activist pointed out the changing attitudes of citizens towards environmental issues, environmental education and more.

During the pursuit of environmental sustainability, attention to the responsibility of governments to reduce environmental degradation has steadily declined, and has instead focused on citizen's environmental behaviors. This increasing attention to the individual emphasizes the key role citizens play in the development and development of a sustainable society. So far, researchers have presented forms of citizenship that demonstrate endeavors for environmental sustainability.The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze the factors shaping the citizens' bio-behavioral behaviors and assess their knowledge and attitudes towards biofilm activities and behaviors in the 9th and 10th areas of Tehran. The 9th and 10th areas are among the 22 areas of Tehran, due to the high concentration of urban activities in them, the lack of open spaces and excessive transport of vehicles, high density of buildings and population, urban texture and ... There are a lot of environmental problems and problems. In this regard, in these areas, a solution is needed to mitigate the negative impacts of these issues, in which urban biofilming is a modern and appropriate solution proposed and proposed by urban planners. One of the key indicators and key elements of this plan is to have biofilm citizens. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the level of commitment of the citizens in the 9th and 10th areas and its role in the feasibility of biophilic planning in these areas.During the pursuit of environmental sustainability, attention to the responsibility of governments to reduce environmental degradation has steadily declined, and has instead focused on citizen's environmental behaviors. This increasing attention to the individual emphasizes the key role citizens play in the development and development of a sustainable society. So far, researchers have presented forms of citizenship that demonstrate endeavors for environmental sustainability.The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze the factors shaping the citizens' bio-behavioral behaviors and assess their knowledge and attitudes towards biofilm activities and behaviors in the 9th and 10th areas of Tehran. The 9th and 10th areas are among the 22 areas of Tehran, due to the high concentration of urban activities in them, the lack of open spaces and excessive transport of vehicles, high density of buildings and population, urban texture and ... There are a lot of environmental problems and problems. In this regard, in these areas, a solution is needed to mitigate the negative impacts of these issues, in which urban biofilming is a modern and appropriate solution proposed and proposed by urban planners. One of the key indicators and key elements of this plan is to have biofilm citizens. Therefore,The research method is descriptive-survey and of applied type. The statistical population of the residents of these two regions and the statistical sample based on the Cochran formula is 350 inhabitants of these two regions. To assess the content validity of the questionnaire, the formal validity (referring to experts) was used and its reliability was estimated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.824 the present study aims to investigate the level of commitment of the citizens in the 9th and 10th areas and its role in the feasibility of biophilic planning in these areas

Methodology:
The research method is descriptive-survey and of applied type. The statistical population of the residents of these two regions and the statistical sample based on the Cochran formula is 350 inhabitants of these two regions. To assess the content validity of the questionnaire, the formal validity (referring to experts) was used and its reliability was estimated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.824. The research method is descriptive-survey and of applied type. The statistical population of the residents of these two regions and the statistical sample based on the Cochran formula is 350 inhabitants of these two regions. To assess the content validity of the questionnaire, the formal validity (referring to experts) was used and its reliability was estimated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.824

In addition to descriptive tests, inferential tests such as Kolmogorov Smirnov, T-single sample and nanolayer were used to analyze the data. The results of the Smirnov test indicate that the test is normal and the results of a single-sample T test show that although none of the respondents belong to a particular group or institution, but the behaviors, attitudes identified, indicate that citizens' behaviors and rates The importance of the environment for them is in a desirable situation, but due to the lack of availability of conditions and the lack of biofilm infrastructure, the activities and biophysical awareness of undesirable citizens have been assessed. Because the biofilm behavior of citizens is affected by the local environment, the development of norms and infrastructure with a pro-environmental orientation will affect the multidimensional nature of citizenship.

It can generally be concluded that citizens, if they are provided with the necessary conditions for the conduct of biofilm behavior, will act because evidence suggests that citizens in these areas are responsible for the conservation and development of nature in the area and are interested in doing Biofilm activities. Therefore, in order to create and develop a biophilic city with regard to its biofilm, while strengthening the infrastructure and providing an environment for the development and growth of citizens' bio-political activities and commitments, the curricula should be further focused on the aspect. Feelings and attitudes to the cognitive and knowledge side.It can generally be concluded that citizens, if they are provided with the necessary conditions for the conduct of biofilm behavior, will act because evidence suggests that citizens in these areas are responsible for the conservation and development of nature in the area and are interested in doing Biofilm activities. Therefore, in order to create and develop a biophilic city with regard to its biofilm, while strengthening the infrastructure and providing an environment for the development and growth of citizens' bio-political activities and commitments, the curricula should be further focused on the aspect. Feelings and attitudes to the cognitive and knowledge side.

Nowadays, cities are increasingly dominated by buildings, and, they have become as laboratories for the supply of human ambitions among the fortresses of concrete, steel and glass with the least natural space, so that the lack of biodiversity in these cities is quite noticeable. This has led to disrupt natural spaces with urban spaces, evacuate cities from natural environments, divert urban residents from their inherent needs for communication with nature and also it causes change of their perceptions of the natural environment. The existence of these issues and the recognition of humanity's inherent need to communicate with nature has led to biophilic as a new approach. The aim of present study is to analyze the ranking and feasibility of biophilic approach indicators in 9th and 10th districts of Tehran. These districts due to the proximity and uniformity of the environment have same conditions and according to the lack of green spaces, open space, their geographical location in the city, the presence of worn-out textures and so on , a greater portion of different types of pollution and environmental issues have been devoted to them than other ones. Accordingly, these two districts were selected in order to reduce environmental problems and provide a suitable model for overcoming these issues and considering biophilic city's mission in protecting and enhancing natural spaces in the city. Based on the purpose of the study, the research questions are as follows:- What are the most important factors affecting the realization of the biophilic  city in 9th and 10th  districts of Tehran ?
- What is the current status of  9th and 10th districts of Tehran  from the viewpoint of localized indicators of biophilic urban planning?

The present study is descriptive-analytical and applied in terms of content and methodology. The required data and information were collected through the library and field method. In this study, the main and global indicators of biophilic city have been identified by reviewing articles and theoretical literature. These indicators were localized by 10 faculty members and PhD students in the fields of geography and urban planning and the environment who had essays, books, and studies on the subject and environment of the case study. After saturating the experts' opinion about the indigenous research indicators, they were selected as the final research indicators. The Swara method is used for data analysis.

According to experts, the index of institutions and organizations with a coefficient of 2.37, biophilic infrastructure with a score of 1/65, biophilic attitudes and awareness with a score of 1/20, and finally biophilic activity with a score of 0/99, have been identified as the most important  indicators, respectively. So The necessity of considering these indicators based on their priority will lead to feasibility of the biophilic city within the case study. The impact of these indicators (either directly or indirectly) has an important role in determining the status of the study area in terms of biophilic urban planning according to the results of experts’ ideas. The status of 9th and 10th districts of Tehran are in a suitable situation in terms of infrastructure and condition indicators, number of gardens, total private and public green space, and also among the indicators of activity index, being curious about the environment .as the results of the waspas method showed, district No.9 is more desirable than No.10 ones.

Swara test results show that according to experts, institutions and organizations index with a final weight of ./3705, biophilic infrastructure with a weight of 1.65769, biophilic attitudes and awareness with a final weight of 1.20999 and finally biophilic activities with Weight of 0.99994 were identified as the most important indicators, respectively. Also, according to the results of waspas test, district No.9 with Qi value equal to 0.081207 is more suitable in terms of feasibility of biophilic indexes than district No.10. Biophilic urban planning is a new approach and as a manifestation of a sustainable city. In Iran's metropolitan areas where sustainable development is rapidly undercut by environmental and ecological problems, the urban biophilic model can play an essential role as a localized sustainable development model. According to the results of the studies were done, the biophilic urban planning approach has the potential to provide a wide range of social and psychological benefits to residents as well as environmental, functional and economic benefits to major cities. Therefore, in order to exploit the benefits of this approach and its feasibility in cities, a systematic and comprehensive study of environmental, social, economic, and other conditions and characteristics is necessary. Therefore, it can be stated that although the studied areas in terms of such biophilic indicators have an appropriate condition, the situation of these two districts is in an unsuitable condition. And the current situation in these two areas has made it difficult to achieve feasibility of biophilic indicators.

The tourism industry, as the largest service industry in the world, is one of the important sources of economic prosperity (job creation, earning foreign exchange incomes, poverty reduction, etc.) and increasing social interaction and trade, etc. Therefore, areas such as islands and border ports that have good tourism potential, should choose the appropriate strategies to achieve the economic and socio-cultural benefits of the industry. The purpose of this study is to identify appropriate strategies for tourism development of Qeshm Free Trade Zone in order to increase tourists and consequently comprehensive development, elimination of deprivation of indigenous peoples and creating border security and sustainable income. The research method is descriptive-analytical and the statistical population is a group of experts, officials and tourists. In this study, the identified factors were prioritized and ranked by using of the SOAR technique and the SWARA multi-criteria decision-making model and the final value of a set of internal and external factors was determined to prioritize and adopt the best strategy. The results showed that among the SA strategies, the strategy of using cultural, marine and natural attractions to become the tourism hub of the region; among the SR strategy, the strategy of expanding tourist offices, setting up an information center and creating internet services in the region to introduce and promote tourism centers; among the OA strategies, the strategy of utilizing the strategic, geopolitical and geo-economics position of the region in order to develop tourism and introduce it as a tourism hub in the Middle East and among the OR strategies, the strategy of creating weekly markets and holding trans-regional exhibitions in order to introduce local and indigenous products and products of the region are considered as the most important strategies for the development of the tourism industry for the Qeshm Free Zone.

The tourism industry is now recognized as the world's largest provider of services in terms of income, which has, in addition to economic dimensions, expanded social justice and strengthened national identity. Meanwhile, urban tourism is one of the basic foundations of sustainable urban development. Urban tourism has received great attention due to its competitive advantages and abilities. The purpose of this research is to develop a sustainable tourism development strategy in the 12th district of Tehran with a structural-interpretation modeling approach. This research is descriptive-analytical in terms of applied purpose. To determine the strategy for sustainable tourism development (District 12 of Tehran), using expert opinions including university professors and research centers, the factors were determined by the Delphi method. ISM Interpretative-Structural Modeling is used to analyze the information. The statistical population of this research is made up of experts familiar with the tourism industry in Tehran province and has been used by 18 experts as examples. The results show that the factors of elaboration of clear and comprehensive regional policies in the field of tourism for attracting tourists, promoting the level of people's culture in the course of dealing with and accepting tourists, increasing the level of public safety of the society, the most influential factors of sustainable tourism development in the region Coming.

livability as a multidimensional general concept is a reflection of the type of activity that takes in the urban environment. it can be said that livability takes by guiding the spatial organization city. Since the livability is measured based on the geographical and local conditions derived from the spatial organization, the study also seeks to investigate the impact of spatial organization on the livability of the city of Ilam. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical and survey. Data were collected using a library-documentary and field method .The statistical population of the study is experts and scholars living in Ilam city, Among them, the sample size of the research was determined by snowball of 30 people.For data analysis, simple linear regression model and Pearson correlation coefficient have been used. The results show the correlation intensity of 0.951 for the sum variables. The result of Pearson correlation coefficient shows that there is a significant correlation with very strong correlation. Based on the linear regression test, among the spatial organization indicators, of natural factors, the most impact on the livability of the city Ilam and in the next levels there are historical, social, physical and activity factors and, consequently, economic structure with different correlation coefficients. Also, the results of the regression test showed that the adjusted adjustment coefficient is equal to 0/902, according to which the independent variable can explain 90.2% of the changes of the dependent variable and the rest of the changes are affected by variables outside the model.

Increasing trend of urbanization has led to problems in various dimensions that one of these issues are the settlements problematic urban that car way and without unplanned formed. Solving this problem, not with, sectional deal and selective or ignoring must go through a fundamental solution and can be analyzed radically. Apart from methods of dealing with these settlements, in terms of the attitude of local residents of The most important influencing factors in the process of regularize and enabling is considered problematic settlements. This research is targeted feasibility of the role social participation in enabling settlements problematic neighborhoods banbrz,and also infrastructure for improving neighborhood sustainable way through the participation of residents. The research method is descriptive - analytic and to collect data from the tool library and questionnaires were used.The study population are neighborhood residents banbrz, cochran's sample size by 5 percent error rate 376 students were randomly selected.To analyze of data in spss software was used, pearson correlation test and simple linear regression.The results of this study show that social participation and enabling of the settlements studied 566/0 is effective. 91/8 percent of residents also tend to be pervasive participation of cause of regularize and enabling neighborhood through Participation in decision-making and management , financing costs (the projects),supply human resources for the development of their neighborhood.

Increasing the number and expansion of tourism in different areas of the world has led tourism to be introduced as the world's largest industry and attracts the attention of programmers and is one of the high-potential economic activities. It can be transformed by its powerful force causing changes in the economy of the countries. In this regard, the satisfaction of tourists has a great influence on the direction of its economic benefits. Therefore, the present study aims to measure the satisfaction of tourists from the tourism product of Ilam province using the HOLSAT model. For this purpose, descriptive-analytical and survey method has been used. The statistical population of the study is tourists who travel to Ilam province for tourism purposes. The sample size is 250 tourists who have been selected in a straightforward manner. A questionnaire was used for data collection and SPSS and Excel software were used to analyze the data. The results of the HOLSAT tourists' satisfaction survey show different levels of tourist satisfaction from tourism product dimensions. So that the components of the studied dimensions of gravity, destination and image of the destination of the tourists satisfaction from tourism product of Ilam province on the scenario (Win) and some components of the dimensions of facilities and destination costs in the scenario (Lose). In general, it can be concluded that tourists are pleased with the many tourism products in Ilam province.Keywords: Tourism Satisfaction, Tourism Product, HOLSAT Model, Ilam Province

Urban areas are often considered an important tourist destination due to historical and cultural attractions. In the modern tourism industry of the world, a destination is not attractive to tourists only due to historic sites. The Ferdowsi tomb complex located in the historic city of Tous is one of the most famous historical attractions that, despite welcoming the tourists and the attention of the Cultural Heritage Organization (as the main trustee of the tourism affairs of Iran) have not yet found a special place among the tourist destinations. One of the main reasons for this issue is neglecting the key elements of the destination and not identifying and evaluating them in order to improve the quality of tourism management in this town, which has been addressed in this study. The research method is descriptive-analytical, and data was collected by library methods and completion of a questionnaire by tourists. The statistical population of the study consisted of domestic tourists visiting Tous in 2016 with simple random sampling of 383 people. The questionnaire was calculated by employing the five-component Likert scale in the form of 6 components and 19 questions, and was analyzed by using the T-test and methods Analysis of utility. Results showed that tourism destination management in Tous was not generally successful, and tourists had scores below the average for most questions. Accordingly, the best status belongs to the component of destination tourism attractions with an average rating of 4.07, and the most unfavorable component is human resource management and price. The components of access, the tourists’ mental image, and welfare facilities which have a relatively favorable situation