جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « شرکت های دانش بنیان » در نشریات گروه « کتابداری و مدیریت اطلاعات »

In recent years, the reliance of organizations on the knowledge capital that originates from their employees has increased. This internal knowledge is the main factor of success and survival in today's business environment. Knowledge-oriented organizations consider knowledge sharing as an important learning strategy to achieve innovative performance. With the increasing dependence of the economy on knowledge, today knowledge is considered as the most important factor in gaining competitive advantage and achieving greater performance and profitability. All organizations -both large and small ones- consider knowledge as an essential resource in gaining a competitive advantage. Of course, Knowledge will be effective when it is shared among the employees of the organization and finally used in practice. Therefore, knowledge sharing not only makes employees share their previous knowledge with others, it also helps them to gain valuable new knowledge; It helps to create, improve and implement innovative ideas. This research aims to develop the argument that knowledge sharing strengthens the effect of the role of organizational climate on innovative work behavior; It examines the effect of organizational climate on the innovative behavior of employees and the mediating role of knowledge sharing in knowledge-based companies in Fars province, in order to properly understand the type of relationship and how organizational climate and knowledge sharing influence the innovative performance of employees in knowledge-based companies. Managers find the possibility to plan and manage more appropriate measures for the development of innovation in the company, in line with the greater productivity of the organization.

The current research is an applied research. which investigated the effect of organizational climate on knowledge sharing and innovative work behavior of employees of knowledge-based companies in Fars province in the year 2021 with an experimental method. According to Cochran's formula, the statistical sample size is 190 people. Due to the possibility of non-cooperation of some statistical samples in completing the questionnaire, the questionnaire was sent to 250 people from the statistical population. 235 questionnaires were completed by employees of knowledge-based companies. In order to cover the objectives of the research, a combined questionnaire was used, including the organizational climate questionnaire of Jane, Farmer, Pichatka, Frederick and Lukas (2015), the knowledge sharing questionnaire of Jane et al. (2015) and the innovative behavior questionnaire of Janssen (2004). In order to analyze the data and respond to the research hypotheses, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were used by SmartPLS software. In order to check the validity of the questionnaire, formal and content validity methods were used. In this way, the questionnaire was given to 5 experts in the field of entrepreneurship, and they were asked for their opinions on the questions and the evaluation of the hypotheses, and they unanimously approved the questionnaire. Also, a confirmatory factor analysis was carried out using SmartPLS software, and its validity checked out. In order to calculate the reliability of the questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated. The partial least squares method was used to validate the model. The results of running the model in the standard estimation mode show the direction and intensity of the relationship between the variables. In order to check the significance of the relationships between the variables of the model, the bootstrap method was used. In this research, convergent validity, composite reliability, Cronbach's alpha and divergent validity were used to fit the external model.

In the case of all constructs, the average variance extracted is greater than 0.5, so there is a convergent validity. Cronbach's alpha of all variables is greater than 0.7, so the reliability is confirmed. The combined reliability value is also greater than the extracted average variance and, in all cases, it is greater than the threshold of 0.7, so the third condition is also met. The coefficient of influence of organizational climate on innovative behavior was obtained as 0.409. Also, the value of t statistic is 4.160. Therefore, it can be claimed with 95% certainty: organizational climate has a positive and significant effect on innovative behavior. The coefficient of influence of organizational atmosphere on knowledge sharing was obtained as 0.854. Also, the value of t-test is 9.522. Therefore, it can be claimed with 95% confidence that organizational climate has a positive and significant effect on knowledge sharing. The effect coefficient of knowledge sharing on innovative behavior is 0.396. Also, the value of t-test was 2.575. Therefore, it can be claimed with 95% confidence: knowledge sharing has a positive and significant effect on innovative behavior.

Based on the results obtained in this research, the organizational climate has a positive and significant effect on the knowledge sharing of employees in knowledge-based companies. Examining the relationship between knowledge sharing and innovative work behavior confirms the positive and significant effect of knowledge sharing on innovative behavior among employees of knowledge-based companies. The innovative behavior of employees is a type of motivating behavior; on the other hand, sharing knowledge is a behavior beyond the actual role of employees in the organization. Therefore, considering this fact, it can be expected that when the level of knowledge and information exchange in the organization is higher, the motivation of employees for innovative activities will increase. Therefore, the increase of information resources resulting from knowledge sharing can be considered as one of the factors of innovative work behavior in the organization. The general results of this research show the direct and indirect effect of the organizational climate (through knowledge sharing) on the innovative work behavior of employees of knowledge-based companies in Fars province. Knowledge sharing increases the effect of organizational climate on innovative work behavior. Based on this, it can be concluded that knowledge sharing behavior has a decisive role in the emergence of innovative work behavior.

Knowledge inertia is the tendency to rely on past procedures, knowledge, or experience to address new issues and problems. In other words, it considers the future as today. In fact, individuals and organizations rely on their previous knowledge and experience to navigate unprecedented and new conditions. Therefore, the present study was conducted to analyze the consequences of knowledge inertia in knowledge-based companies.
The current research utilizes a mixed methods approach, incorporating both qualitative and quantitative methods within the inductive-deductive paradigm. It is also practical in terms of its purpose and exploratory in terms of its nature and method. It is important to note that the statistical population for both the qualitative and quantitative parts of the research consists of experts, including managers of knowledge-based companies in Lorestan province and professors from the management department of Lorestan University. A purposeful sampling method was used to select 14 individuals as sample members. Therefore, according to the principle of theoretical sufficiency (which occurs when the researcher has gathered all available data and information necessary to understand the phenomenon and gain knowledge), the necessary data were collected to the fullest extent. It should be noted that in the qualitative aspect of the thematic analysis approach, apart from reviewing articles, books, and magazines, semi-structured interviews were also conducted. The validity and reliability of these interviews were assessed using the CVR coefficient and the Kappa-Cohen test, respectively. Confirmed. In the quantitative section, the data collection tool is the Delphi questionnaire. Its validity and reliability were confirmed using content validity and inconsistency rate, respectively.
The current research utilizes a mixed approach (qualitative and quantitative). The results obtained in the qualitative part indicate the identification of the consequences of knowledge inertia in knowledge-based companies. The results of this section, following data analysis using the coding approach (open, central, and selective coding) and Atlas.ti software, reveal fifteen factors as consequences of knowledge inertia in knowledge-seeking companies. In the quantitative aspect of the research, the fuzzy Delphi method was employed to prioritize the consequences of knowledge inertia in scientific companies. The results indicate that the disclosure of the organization's strategies, the enhancement of predictability in the organization's operations, and the increase in stagnation and intellectual inertia are significant outcomes. The most significant consequences of knowledge inertia in knowledge-based companies are the loss of creativity and innovation, resistance to change, reduced performance, diminished organizational learning, and decreased agility and flexibility.
Knowledge is considered one of the most fundamental and crucial assets for competing in the new millennium. No matter how many resources an organization has, if it does not leverage modern knowledge and science, its resources will remain stagnant and it will be practically unable to use them optimally. Acquiring knowledge and leveraging it can enhance the organization's growth and excellence, ultimately improving its competitive position. In other words, knowledge determines the efficient and effective utilization of other resources for the organization. In this way, the dominance of knowledge inertia causes the organization to cease acquiring new knowledge and learning, and instead rely on outdated versions and strategies to solve its issues and challenges. In other words, stagnation and intellectual inertia within the organization are increasing day by day. It should be noted that the organization is losing the ability to generate new and original ideas, as well as other methods and techniques to address recurring threats and ultimately predict competitors' actions. On the other hand, knowledge inertia poses a challenge by hindering the organization's ability to respond quickly, effectively, and efficiently to the opportunities created in the environment. This distortion affects the organization's agility and speed of action.

The growth of knowledge-based industries based on new technologies has marked extensive changes in advanced and emerging economies. Various factors inside and outside the company affect this growth. One of the most important factors inside the company, is technological learning. The purpose of this article is to identify technological learning modes and factors affecting them in nanotechnology knowledge-based companies. This research is applied in terms of purpose, and in terms of data type, it is a qualitative research based on a case study. The participants were experts in the various departments of knowledge-based nanotechnology companies, which were selected by purposeful sampling. The sample size was determined based on the principle of theoretical saturation. Qualitative content analysis has been used in the process of analyzing texts and documents. In science-based learning, scientific promotion of the company, internal R&D, and joint research activities have been the most important modes of technological learning. In experience-based learning, the most important learning modes are individual employee communication, company interactions with the outside, work experience, technical and skill training, teamwork, organizational flexibility, and knowledge and experience sharing. The innovation of these learnings also includes product innovation, process and technology innovation, market innovation and obtaining approvals and certificates. Factors affecting technological learning are R&D capability, production capability and learning culture as internal drivers and internal and international restrictions, legal capacities and government interventions, technological changes and competition intensity as external drivers.

The information and communication technology (ICT) sector is an economic development pillar as well as a key infrastructure at the national level. ICT firms face various challenges in their growth path due to the knowledge-based nature of ICT sector and the dynamics of competition and customer needs. These challenges in Iran are of greater importance in the growth of ICT companies and especially knowledge-based firms (KBFs), given the business environment, regulations, and limitations in international interactions of ICT sector. This paper identifies and analyzes the growth challenges of ICT KBFs in Iran. This research is applied and qualitative in terms of purpose and type, and the spatial and temporal boundary is ICT firms is in the list of pioneering KBFs (50 firms with the highest sales) in 2021. The required data were collected from documents, reports, semi-structured interviews with experts and managers of 15 studied firms that were selected by judgmental sampling and analyzed by content analysis through axial coding. Based on our findings, firms face 5 key category of growth challenges, i.e., financial; domestic market and export; political, regulatory and legal; business; and challenges pertinent to implementation of the law for supporting KBFs. The most frequent challenge includes financial limitations, difficulty of transferring foreign currency and supplying equipment, legal and IP restrictions and the mismatch of KBFs law with ICT firm’s contingencies. Our findings also provide recommendations for policy makers and managers of ICT KBFs as well as fruitful avenues for future researches. Challenges of KBFs growth in developing countries is an overlooked issue in the literature and this paper is an effort to narrow this empirical gap in the literature.

"Corporate social responsibility" is one of the new concepts that have entered the theoretical literature of some management fields in recent years. In relation to the design of corporate social responsibility models, few researches have been conducted inside the country, which have often investigated the mentioned models in some government organizations, auditing organizations, and banks. However, no research was found that specifically deals with the design of the social responsibility model of knowledge-based companies; Therefore, the current research has been conducted with the aim of designing a model for the social responsibility of knowledge-based companies. For this purpose, the method of systematic review and comparative synthesis framework has been used. In this way, in several steps, the researcher systematically reviewed all scientific researches related to corporate social responsibility, then based on Carroll's social responsibility model as the primary conceptual framework, the final model of social responsibility of knowledge-based companies with 6 dimensions, 25 main categories and has redesigned 40 subcategories. The findings showed that the dimensions of the desirable social responsibility model of knowledge-based companies are: the altruistic dimension including 4 subcategories (commitment to solving social problems, promoting social welfare, voluntary, humanitarian and charitable activities and public benefit activities), the ethical dimension including 5 subcategories Category (creating organizational belonging, social ethics, professional ethics, social justice, social accountability), economic dimension including 4 sub-categories (attention to profitability, improvement of local economy, improvement and production of products and services, maintaining competitive position), legal dimension including 2 sub-categories (implementation of laws and actions in accordance with regulations and compliance with the rights of consumers and customers), social dimension including 6 sub-categories (participation in the development and improvement of society, maintaining social unity, increasing social ability, social investment, creating cultural atmosphere and improving procedures work) and finally the environmental dimension including 4 sub-categories (minimizing environmental destruction, having an official environmental policy, environmental education and commitment to sustainable development).Finally, the mentioned model was validated by a group of specialists and experts in this field, and the degree of importance of the model's components was determined based on the one-sample t-test. The results of the test indicated the approval of all dimensions and categories of the redesigned model by experts. In the social responsibility model of knowledge-based companies, legal, ethical, economic, environmental, social and altruistic dimensions are the most important.

The purpose of this study was to identify the indices of creation and development of knowledge-based companies in the fields of humanities.
This is a descriptive and quantitative study. The statistical population of the present study included experts, experts, and expert managers based in Khuzestan province who were active in knowledge and commercialization companies. The researcher-made questionnaire was randomly distributed among 160 subjects who were selected through a census method. Since the population size is equal to the sample size, the whole number method was used. In the questionnaire, the relationships between the elements and the identification of indices were analyzed using Smart PLS3 software and the indices were ranked using SPSS 25 software and the results were tested using Kendall's coefficient of correlation.
To achieve the goal of the present study, in the first step, with comprehensive library studies and evaluation of the results of relevant past studies, a number of dimensions and indicators of creation and development of knowledge-based companies in the humanities were identified and extracted. In the second step, using the Delphi method and distributing a researcher made questionnaire among 20 experts who were experts in the field of knowledge-based economy, another group of dimensions and indices were extracted. Then, by combining the results of these two steps, the final effective components were developed. The results of the research showed that six main indices and 22 sub-indices influence the creation and development of knowledge based companies in the fields of humanities. The results of ranking the indices of establishing and development of knowledge-based companies in the humanities showed that the indice of educational and research activities is the most important and the indice of publishing and disseminating knowledge is the least important.
The results showed that the research indices are as follows: Educational and research activities index, Management and policy index, Platform and infrastructure index, Communication and scientific networks index, Knowledge dissemination and dissemination index. The overall result showed that the humanities could be the catalyst for commercialization in the creation and development of knowledge-based companies. Knowledge-based companies also provide an opportunity for the humanities to depart from the theoretical field and play a role in the application of humanities in the field of practice and the real environment of society. Finally, a model of indicators and factors for the creation and development of knowledge-based companies in the fields of humanities was presented. The obtained model states that all these indicators are necessary for the success of the applied approach of the humanities in the knowledge-based companies and in the absence of any of these indicators, commercialization and application of the humanities can be challenged. The obtained model indicates that all indices are necessary for the success of the approach to the application of humanities in knowledge-based companies; the absence of any of these indicators can challenge the commercialization and application of the humanities. It is recommended to strengthen the approach of application in the humanities compared to other natural sciences.

In the current era, the growing growth of information technology and the need for organizations to survive and compete, has caused any organization that ignores this issue to decline and be eliminated from the competition cycle. Accordingly, the aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of strategic learning on strengthening information capital by analyzing the mediating role of organizational knowledge architecture. The present study is descriptive-correlational in terms of practical purpose and in terms of data collection method. The statistical population includes 600 knowledge-based companies located in Tehran Science and Technology Park. According to Morganchr('39')s table, 235 employees of these companies were selected using haphazard random sampling method. The main tools of data collection, questionnaire and data analysis were also performed using structural equation modeling. The research findings show that strategic learning has a direct and significant effect on strengthening the information capital of knowledge-based companies and also indirectly affects the strengthening of information capital through the intermediate variable of organizational knowledge architecture. The results show that strategic learning is one of the important factors influencing the strengthening of information capital of knowledge-based companies, which affects the strengthening of information capital both directly and through organizational knowledge architecture. Also, the results of strategic learning topics, organizational knowledge architecture and information capital, bring theoretical innovations and help managers and stakeholders of knowledge-based companies in understanding and how to influence strategic learning to strengthen information capital by emphasizing organizational knowledge architecture.

The ultimate goal of innovative behavior is to improve performance of the individual, group, and ultimately organization all together. Many factors are influential in the realization of innovative behavior of employees of an organization. In this study, the influence of two factors of organizational climate and knowledge sharing has been reflected.

The study uses an applied descriptive survey method. Population includes all official 373 employees of knowledge-based companies in Fars province (1399). Sample was189 individuals selected by simple random sampling method using Cochran's formula. Data collection was conducted by: Standard Questionnaires of Organizational Climate ( Book et al., 2005), Knowledge Sharing Questionnaire (Hoff and Reader, 2004), and Innovative Behavior Questionnaire (Johnson and Welba, 2004). Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling tests were used for data analysis.

The results show that organizational climate has a direct and positive effect on innovative behavior and knowledge sharing. Conversely, knowledge sharing also has a direct and positive effect on innovative behavior. The direct effect of organizational climate on innovative behavior is 0.52, which is strengthened by the role of knowledge sharing and increases by 0.83, which means that knowledge sharing by 0.31 has increased the organizational climate effect on innovative behavior.

Appropriately understanding - the type of relationship and how to influence organizational climate and knowledge sharing on the innovative performance of employees in knowledge-based companies - managers will be able to take more appropriate measures to instigate innovation in the company to increase organizational productivity, planning and management.

Knowledge-based activities carry a high risk. Moreover, financing the companies which do the likewise activities for supporting and encouraging innovative plans and advanced technology is of high importance. Therefore, nowadays, financing methods by risk taking funds is considered the most prominent and effective financing method in knowledge-based companies all over the world. The purpose behind doing this research is to investigate the influence of venture capital funding on profits of knowledge-based companies located in the Science and Technology (Elm-o-fannavari) park in East Azerbaijan province of Iran. The data for this research has been collected with the help of questionnaires from knowledge-based companies and the data analyses have been done with the panel data method and STATA software. Based on the final results, the two variables of venture capital fund facility and the size of the company have a meaningful and positive effect on profit of company. While influence of loans from business banks, company's age (company's life’s year) and human asset, on the company profitability is not meaningful. R&D costs have a negative effect on profitability, but given that this variable is not immediately effective and its effect appears with time lags, also given the short period of this study, this result is not far from waiting.

The main weakness of the previous models in the domain of organizational knowledge creation is the failure to consider psychological aspect of people and information technology. Based on the theoretical literature on knowledge management, if consider individuals, processes and information technology as major elements for knowledge management and creation, so knowledge creation process requires considering the psychological aspect of those who create new knowledge  and also considering information technology, which is instrumental in shaping and implementing the knowledge creation process. In knowledge-based firms of Iran which the activities is based on specialized knowledge and advanced technology, there is an urgent need to consider cognitive and technological aspects governing these firms to provide appropriate developed model. Therefore the main objective of this research is to develop the Organizational Knowledge Creation model for knowledge-based firms of Iran. For this purpose two theories have been used; Task- Technology Fit and Theory of Planned behavior. These theories study the fitness between organizational tasks and existing technologies in mentioned firms. Moreover understanding the psychological aspects of people who influence the knowledge creation process is considered.

This paper deals with the content analysis of texts that examines the application of two theories in the fields of psychology and information technology to develop the organizational knowledge creation model through analyzing and integrating the dimensions of the theories.

Knowledge-based firms need to pay particular attention to the cognitive factors of individuals and their behavioral intentions in discussing participation in the four stages of knowledge creation in order to optimize their major goals, including the effective use of existing knowledge and the creation of new knowledge. Also considering the fit of business processes with the technologies used can facilitate their activities and accelerate them, since the structure of creating knowledge-based firms is based on competitiveness, innovation and up-to-date technology in the field of related specialized knowledge, that all are facilitated through technologies.

Knowledge-based firms need to pay particular attention to the cognitive factors of individuals and their behavioral intentions in discussing participation in the four stages of knowledge creation in order to optimize their major goals, such as making effective use of existing knowledge and creating new knowledge. Also, considering the fit of business processes with the technologies used can facilitate and accelerate activities because the structure of knowledge-based companies is based on competitiveness, innovation and up-to-date technology and specialized knowledge, that all are facilitated through technologies.

Based on different characteristics and abilities, entrepreneurs have different motivations in the process of new venture creation. This study aimed to recognize the motivational factors that science-based entrepreneurs agree on their importance and follow in new venture creation. Also, different motivational patterns of these entrepreneurs were identified. In this way, this paper applied Q-method and the results of analyzing the Q-sorts of 30 participants, lead to 5 different motivational patterns, including Altruisms, controllers, ambitious, profiteers, and followers. Despite the identified motivational patterns, entrepreneurs were unanimous in the importance of some of the motivational factors. The important factors that participants agreed on them include having an effective communication network with other entrepreneurs, inventors, academician, producers and investors, as well as applying scientific research and commercializing ideas and inventions. On the other hand, insignificant incentives for all participants include having friendly relationships and being disappointed in previous job. By focusing on common motivational factors and tailored for different mental patterns of individuals, science and technology policymakers can make appropriate policies for achieving science-based economy and consider measures to increase the rate of establishment of such firms and their chances of success.

Considering the importance of knowledge-based companies, this study aimed to determine the framework for the establishment and development of these companies in Humanities.

In this research, a qualitative research grounded theory method was used, utilizing a set of data for the theory establishment. The statistical population consisted of specialists, experts and managers of knowledge-based companies located in Khuzestan province. In-depth interviews were conducted to collect data from 16 samples from among people described above who were selected through targeted sampling. The main criterion for determining the sample size was to achieve a theoretical saturation point.

Based on the procedure of grounded theory, during the triple stages of coding, open, axial, and selective, 403 open sources and 289 final extracted codes were constructed in the form of 79 concepts and categorized into 6 main categories and 30 subcategories. Open coding consisted of subcategories related to causal, contextual, mediating and pivotal conditions and also strategies, and consequences. The axial phenomenon is based on establishing and developing of Knowledge based companies in Humanities. The theory is represented at the selective coding stage (theorizing) according to the research results.

The pattern extracted analyzing the findings of the research, included four steps: the initial idea, the research and development step, the step of transferring the research results, and the productivity step; also six main strategies were obtained including: management and policy, educational and research activities, platforms and infrastructures, communications and scientific networks, publication and dissemination of knowledge and innovation. Combining variables and the six main strategies, the final model of the process of creating and developing knowledge-based companies in the Humanities was formed. The process of creation and development begins with the creation of ideas, and then covers the stages of scientific research and development of the idea, achievement of results and findings, documentation and transfer of results, making the research findings practical and efficient, the market presentation and the preservation of business position. In order to achieve this goal, it is necessary to consider and provide a broader view of how to set the conditions and factors affecting this process and its various prerequisites. In other words, in order to succeed in establishing the knowledge-based companies and their development in the fields of Humanities, it is necessary for the academic sector to develop the capacities and capabilities needed to create, develop and transfer research results. This requires the ability to reform research policies, institutionalizing, gaining expertise and skills and etc. In the macroeconomic, political and legal environments of the country, there should also be favorable conditions for the establishment, development and transfer of technology from the academic sector.

The importance of managers learning in different organizations is clarified to everybody, but in Technology based firms (NTBF) because of their inexperience of managers and the complex nature of these companies, manager learning is more important. Actually, manager`s learning plays an important role in innovating these companies and overcoming the challenges of the changing and complex environment around them. However, the methods of learning in this managers have not been well studied. So, the aim of this study was to identifying the methods for manager`s learning in this firms.  In order to attain this aim, the research data collected regarding to Interpretivism paradigm and qualitative approach. 19 managers and experts of new technology-based firms were interviewed with semi-structured interview questions. The data collecting in this way, coded and analyzed with thematic analysis method in three stages. For analyzing of this data, qualitative analysis software Maxqda used. Based on the extracted findings of this research, 30 incidental themes or methods identified which categorized in five main methods consist, “learning from experience”, “self-directed learning”, “learning from stakeholders”, “explicit learning methods”, “benefiting of mentoring capacity in learning”. It can be said that the five identified methods of manager`s learning in NTBFs can be used both individually by the managers themselves and by the stakeholders of the NTBF`s domain and can be used for development of this managers and subsequently the success of NTBFs.

Since the post-World War II era, the use of public procurement as a tool to stimulate technology and innovation has been increasingly targeted by policy makers. In addition to stimulating technology or research and development, one of the most important approaches in innovative public procurement is to apply policies to stimulate generic technology and innovation in public procurement. The present article focuses on the case study in Iran on the latter topic. On this basis, all dimensions and opportunities of the Tender Act approved in 2004, with the aim of promoting a innovation-oriented public procurement in Iran has been considered. in the first step, Due to the relationship of the laws to each other, the system of laws and regulations related to the holding of tenders in the country has been identified and the challenges of Iranian technology knowledge-based and innovatiove companies to increase market share in the market has been identified. Following the qualitative research approach, the interview guidelines were formulated and after semi-structured interviews were done, then data content analysis was so. In the end, As a result of the research, the proposed policies were developed at three levels, including reforming the legal framework, reforming and reinforcing support systems and developmental plans.

The law for supporting Knowledge-based companies have been approved more than a decade and today there are more than 3000 knowledge-based companies in Iran. More than 50 percent of that group are small firms. The main purpose of this research is to determine the effective factors for sustainable growth of small knowledge-based firms in Iran. We used multi-case study method. After investigating the related literature and interviewing some expertsin this field the basic pattern with 4 dimension and 14 factors was designed. The proposed pattern examined with 4 firms from information technology, bio technology, medical instruments and measurement instruments. To assess every firm, we use triangulation approach includes information from documents, evidences, statistics and interviews. In addition, the results of questionnaire filled some missed parts. The Cross-case analysis and Within-case analysis were done in selected cases and the differentiations and common points were analyzed by real and theoretical repetition. At last, we find that 7 factor have real repetition and 7 other ones have theoretical repetition. In this research founders specifics dimension has the most effects in stabilization of the firms.

The rapid advance of technology and learning is field-building of accession to information era and formation knowledge-based communities. Knowledge-based companies received generated knowledge and new ideas and in a fully structured process, do commercialization, so science and technology virgin's evaluation the performance of these firms is very important. The purpose of this research is analytical study of evaluative indicators and models for the of science and technology in order to offer a model for measuring and evaluating the performance of science and technology knowledge-based companies in Iran. This research is done by documentary and survey methods; utilization the Delphi interview was conducted in four stages. Statistical methods including Friedman tests were used to analyze data.  The most important findings of this research includes: determination the most important science and technology evaluation models, determination the most important parameters of the proposed model, assessment and measurement the impact of each evaluation models of science and technology on the proposed model ranking indicators of five main sections. According the past history can be said to wasn’t have provided a model to measure and evaluate the performance science and technology's knowledge-based companies and the model presented in this study can be considered the beginning of such this. In the final version of the first stage 195 index, 95 index has been finalized and proposed. This modeling research with fifth section provided human, financial, structural, performance and efficiency indicators.

The purpose of this paper is to localise cloud based e-HRM adoption model in knowledge base SMEs by using the Technology, Organization and Environment (TOE) framework. While many studies have predominantly looked at cloud computing adoption determinants in general, few is known about specific cloud services such as cloud base e-HRM, which is the main subject of this paper. This study was conducted as a mix method research. In the qualitative part, based on the TOE framework, a semistructured interview conducted between 3 domain experts, the technology, organization, environment domains. In the interviews the questions were whether the determinants is valid in developing countries business ecosystem or not? The interviews continued until heoretical saturation. Then based on the finding of the interview, a questionnaire designed and final users of cloud base e-HRM answered it. There were 168 valid questionaires which used to examine the fitness of model. The findings indicate that factors such as relative advantage, uncertainty, complexity, compatibility in technology domian, physical location, competitive pressure, industry, market, supplier computing support in environment domain and top management support, organizational readiness, prior technology experience in organization domain were the TOE factors found to be significant in cloud based e-HRM adoption model. The findings of this study have important implications to the research community, which managers and information and communication technologies (ICT) providers, to have a better road map and strategies for adopting cloud computing.

The main objective of this study is to identify the most important models and indicators in evaluating science and technology in knowledge-based companies in Iran. This study is done based on documentary and survey procedures, and the main part of the information of this study is received and provided through Delphi interview. Validity and reliability of the questionnaires have been evaluated through face and content forms. The sample consists of 14 experts in this subject area. Through univariate t-test, the most important models in the evaluation of science and technology were examined. In identifying the most important indices by using model of evaluation of micro science and technology in Iran, 5 sections of human, financial, structural, functional, and productivity indices were surveyed. Based on average ratings, the most important models for measuring science and technology and suitable assessment and evaluating of the performance of science and technology of knowledge-based firms include "composite index of knowledge economy and knowledge", "composite index of access to technology," "analytical framework to assess the level of technological capability," "science and technology indices of UNESCO," and "micro-evaluation indices of science and technology". The most important indices were also presented separately in five groups.

Strategic internationalization in new knowledge-based firms in developing countries is a necessity as well as a serious challenge. Undestanding how such companies internationalize in a developing context is theoretically and practically important but there are no deep process studies of the phenomenon which provide actionable knowledge for entrepreneurs and policy makers. This paper seeks to find out how a new knowledge-based firm in developing context can overcome challenges of internationalization and how the result of related process oriented case studies can be presented in actionable frameworks. In the study, through a longitutdinal single case study, the process of internationalization of a sample firm is anlyzed from different aspects considering the effects of its context. As a result, a prescriptive model for strategic internationalization of such firms in the mentioned context has been suggested and it’s managerial and policy implications are discussed. Concurrent experimentation of different contexts and various business models along with flexibility in ownership and governance are key findings of the study which are reflected in the proposed model. To enhance the validity of the research, multiple sources of data have been used. Partcipative observation has led to deeper and more precise analysis of the phenomenon.

Knowledge companies need to reorganize their business models to implement open innovation strategies and enhance their innovative performance The literature on the coordination of the business model and Inbound Open Innovation strategy has increased over the past decade However no attention has been paid in Iran as it is hardly possible to find a Persian article about it So the present study was conducted deal with this shortcoming In terms of objective this work is practical in terms of type it is qualitative and in terms of data collection method it is an online study While categorizing various Inbound Open Innovation strategies it attempts to show how adopting these strategies affects the business model of knowledgebased companies due to the Content a set of main activities Structure organizational units that carry out the activities and the ways in which these units are interconnected and Monitoring interactions mechanisms for controlling organizational units and relationships between units.