problem solving

The present study examined the effect of interactive teaching methods on developing students' creativity in elementary schools by using interactive teaching methods in classrooms. This study shows that interactive teaching significantly increases students' creativity, and these methods not only improve the learning process but also increase students' participation and motivation in the classroom. One of the most important achievements of this article is the positive effect of interactive teaching on students' critical thinking and creativity. These methods, by creating a collaborative atmosphere and encouraging students to express their ideas and opinions, provide the basis for strengthening creative thinking and innovation. On the other hand, the use of modern technologies and digital educational tools in the interactive teaching process helps students to become familiar with new and complex concepts visually and empirically, and these experiences are effective in strengthening their problem-solving and creative thinking skills. Also, the results of this article show that interactive teaching, especially in elementary classrooms, increases students' motivation and interest in learning. By creating an active and collaborative learning environment, students feel that they have a role in the learning process, and this feeling increases their self-confidence and makes them look at issues and topics more creatively.In general, the article "The Effect of Interactive Teaching Methods on Developing Students' Creativity in Elementary Schools" well shows how, by using modern and interactive teaching methods, we can provide the basis for the growth and flourishing of creativity in students and encourage them to learn more and better.

This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of artificial intelligence (AI) implementation in educational management on creativity and problem solving skills of high school students. Considering the rapid developments in the field of artificial intelligence and its increasing applications in the field of education, understanding how this technology affects different aspects of learning and developing students' skills seems essential. This study was conducted using a mixed method (quantitative-qualitative) and with the participation of 500 students and 50 school principals from 10 secondary schools in Tehran that have implemented educational management systems based on artificial intelligence. Quantitative data were collected through standard Torrance creativity and Hepner and Patterson problem-solving skills questionnaires, while qualitative data were obtained through semi-structured interviews with principals and focus groups with students. The results of statistical analysis showed that the use of artificial intelligence in educational management is significantly correlated with the increase in students' creativity scores (r = 0.42, p < 0.001) and problem solving skills (r = 0.38, p < 0.001). Content analysis of qualitative data also showed that the implementation of artificial intelligence in educational management has led to the creation of personalized learning environments, increased access to diverse educational resources, and improved assessment and feedback processes. These factors, in turn, have provided the basis for fostering creativity and strengthening students' problem-solving skills. However, challenges such as the need for continuous staff training, data privacy issues, and the need to maintain human interaction in the training process were also identified. This research offers suggestions for optimizing the use of artificial intelligence in educational management with the aim of improving high-level cognitive skills in students.

The lack of a comprehensive classification of financial crisis management complications in the hotel industry has caused many financial losses. In this method, with deep study and research in an industry, the root of financial problems; is identified and further investigated.The current research method is applied and its research design is descriptive-correlation research. Two field and library methods have been used to collect data. The tool for gathering information is a questionnaire and conducting in-depth interviews with managers and academic experts until theoretical saturation is reached; that in the first stage, a total of 22 interviews were conducted, and we reached theoretical saturation in the 18th interview; And in the second stage, 180 questionnaires were distributed. The statistical population includes all 4-5 star hotels in each province throughout Iran and its territory in the first half of 2023.The initial share of the factors shows that all of them are equal to one. Then, the sharing rate was calculated after extracting the factors, which is higher than 50% in all items, which indicates the ability of the determined factors to explain the variance of the studied variables.The results show that the income phase, facilitating conditions and support policies are among the factors affecting the financial crisis of the hotel industry in the critical conditions of Covid-19 and the consequences of these categories have a significant impact on the increase in cost and the formation of a financial crisis in this industry.

It will be a dynamic and sustainable government that, with structural changes, adapts itself to constantly changing conditions and, while maintaining its identity and survival, can move towards its goals. The text of the constitution responds to the cross-cutting needs of political societies. Since the needs and requirements change with the dynamics and developments of society, the constitution must move to adapt to the new conditions by accepting amendments. Therefore, before taking any action in this regard, the status of the current structure should be examined. Our aim in this article is to study the significance of the governmental structure hidden in the constitution of the country from a systemic and sustainable perspective and using a scientific and practical method. The relationship between them was identified and then the constitutional structure of government was examined. After examining and diagnosing complications on the exploratory structure, this structure was largely diagnosed as viable, as well as frequent errors in viable systems on it.

Background and

Considering the importance of creating and using Network of Problems in defense organization, the purpose of this research is clarifying an inventive and process-oriented framework based on TRIZ knowledge for developing network of problems in supply chain and logistic section of defense organizations.

After a comprehensive literature review, a conceptual framework was developed using experts’ interviews. Then, using TRIZ and Logistics expert's recommendations, the presented framework was revised and finalized.

For applicability of the proposed framework, an example of defense logistic problem was analyzed using final proposed framework. Final Framework has 4 step that can be used for creating NoPs in defensive logistics.

Using the final proposed framework, creating network of problems is easy for defense logistics sector. The proposed framework is an inventive framework and it is presented in Persian language for the first time.Keywords: Network of Problems, Logistics, Define of Problem, Problem Solving.

Changes in the social and managerial system in recent decades have been accompanied by an explosion of knowledge, softening of the economy and changes in values, based on which we need to redefine the concept of technology. Among the new approaches that have been proposed in the field of solving public problems is the concept of "soft technology", which requires a fundamental understanding of this field and knowledge of related research dimensions. The concept of governance and policy-making in different areas, under the influence of this kind of soft view, needs to be reviewed and changed, and in this regard, using these concepts, a new approach to solving social problems and governance can be presented. The purpose of this study is " Meta-synthesis of studies in order to identify theoretical and practical implications in the field of soft technology."In this regard, the method of documentary studies and Meta-synthesis was used and studies related to the field of "soft technology" were reviewed. Finally, in the summary section, theoretical implications in the epistemological, social and institutional axes and practical implications in the axes of soft social, political, economic, technological, fundamental and managerial components have been classified.

Time management helps people to organize their professional life. However, the existing literature on how time management leads to important outcomes such as problem-solving and a better quality of life is unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to predict problem-solving and quality of life based on time management mediated by mindfulness in NAJA managers.

This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive correlation in terms of method. The statistical population was the managers of the NAJA in Tehran in 2021, from which 73 people who were willing and interested in completing and returning the questionnaire were selected by the available sampling method. Then they answered the mindfulness questionnaire of Bayer et al. (2006), the time management questionnaire of Karami Moghaddam (1998), the quality of life questionnaire of the World Health Organization (1996), and the problem-solving questionnaire of Hepner and Patterson (1982). In order to analyze the data, the structural equation modeling method and smart-PLS software version two were exerted.

The research model had a good fit. All direct and indirect relationships were significant and the model was validated. Time management positively predicted mindfulness, problem solving, and quality of life. In addition, mind management through mindfulness also predicted problem solving skills and quality of life (P <0.05).

 In order to better solve the problem and increase the quality of life of managers in difficult job situations, time management can be emphasized and measures can be taken to increase managers' mindfulness so that more effective planning and goal setting can be done.

Since futures research provides an opportunity for researchers to study and assess the future conditions and features for decision-makers, it is considered a platform for development. Given that a native model of the future research process has not been presented in the AJA with the process approach, this research has sought to formulate it in the AJA, and indeed the main issue of the research is that the native model of the future study process in AJA is. This research is an applied and descriptive analytical research with a quantitative approach. In order to implement the research, firstly, by studying the literature and research background, the factors influencing futures studies in AJA were determined using content analysis method; then, to achieve the conceptual model of the research, the relationships between the identified factors using the Interpretative Structural Modeling Method (ISM) Has been. In conclusion, a native model study has been proposed for future study in AJA with a process approach.

Military university as entering gate and training future commanders and managers in different guilds are very important. Management equipped with reliable and appropriate information system which can increase the ability of management and command to take necessary decisions in planning, organizing and controlling has become an essential cogency of this age. Therefore commandment and management should be investigated to succeed in different dimensions such as resources, limitations, organizations, motivation, personnel morale, management information system and etc. Recognition and description of university management information systems and their effects on commanders and managers decision making are the purpose of this research. it is applicatory type and descriptive method is used. The data is extracted from 99 people who have formed the population sampling. The data was analyzed using descriptive data and spearman coefficient. Descriptive findings showed that commanders and managers use of management information systems in decision making, in problem solving and problem recognition dimensions were average to high (decision making process dimensions). Data analysis in general indicated that between university management information systems and commanders and managers decision making (in all dimensions) and also between problem recognition and problem solving, there is a positive and direct relation and their effects on decision making are medium. The relation in problem recognition is average to high and in problem solving is medium to low.

In this study, in order to examine the relationship between commanders and managers’ emotional intelligence and their mental health, business performance and problem solving skills, a 240-member sample was drawn from among several specialized police departments. Then, their four characteristics were measured by means of four measurement indexes, which were duly reliable and valid. Findings were analyzed via Pearson’s correlation test and the regression analysis. Results suggested that (1) emotional intelligence had a significant correlation with all three variables, i.e. mental health, business performance and problem solving skill, (2) there was a significant relation between mental health and the other two variables, namely business performance and problem solving skill, and (3) out of the three variables (emotional intelligence, mental health and problem solving skill), the first one, i.e. emotional intelligence, contributed most to and the had the most impact on clarification of the variance of police business performance.