جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « ثبات مالی » در نشریات گروه « علوم انسانی »

With the emergence of private digital currencies and the decreasing use of cash, the discussion about the issuance of Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) among central banks has gained momentum. Considering the interest of central banks worldwide in CBDC, we endeavored to analyze other countries' initiatives in introducing CBDC through a comparative analysis method, aiming to examine its impact on monetary policies, improving central bank supervision, and financial stability. For this purpose, we considered the most probable design of CBDC that central banks are inclined to adopt. The results indicate that the issuance of CBDC, with the condition of appropriate design and necessary actions by the central bank, not only does not lead to the disintermediation of banks but can also contribute to its improvement. Monetary policy is reinforced with the presence of CBDC, expanding the space for monetary policies through the introduction of new tools such as helicopter money, smart contracts, and the implementation of negative interest rates. In general, central bank digital currency, due to its financial inclusion and the new source of data it provides to the central bank, contributes to financial stability and the improvement of the central bank.

Today, the importance of fintechs in the financial field is not hidden from anyone. The importance of this matter is to the extent that a wide range of recent studies have been conducted on the performance of fintechs and their relationship with the banking sector at the international literature. In Iran, there are more than 50 fintech companies that have entered into various sectors of the banks' business model. Therefore, they can affect the financial stability of the Iranian banks. In this article, using data of fintechs and financial statement of banks during 1991-2021 and ARDL and Quantile methodology, the effect of fintechs in the short and long term on the financial stability of banks has been investigated according to the type of ownership, the size of the banks, and the degree of financial stability. In this article, fintechs are divided into two groups: competing fintechs and non-competing fintechs. Fintech lifetime has been used as a measure of fintech performance. The z-score has been used as a measure of financial stability of banks. The results of the accuracy of the model indicate the normality of the distribution of residual sentences, the absence of serial correlation, the existence of homogeneity variance and the existence of long-term relationship. The results of the survey show a significant relationship between fintechs and financial stability of banks. So in long term, both competing and non-competing fintechs have a negative effect on the financial stability of banks. But in the short term, non-competing fintechs have a positive relationship and competing fintechs have a negative relationship with the financial stability of banks. Also, examining the effect of fintechs according to the type of ownership and size indicates the negative effect of fintechs based on the type of ownership and size, and examining the effect of fintechs according to the degree of financial stability indicates the negative effect of fintechs on banks with low financial stability.

The present study deals with redesigning the design of the financial stability model in order to respond to the return of Islamic banking to the shock of the value of the national currency for the years 1400-1373. For this purpose, using the structural vector autoregression model (SVAR), which are known as impulse models; The response of Islamic banking returns to the shocks of national currency value, financial stability, inflation and inflation were investigated. According to the results, the response coefficient of the yield impulses of cooperative banking contracts to oil revenues, weakening of the value of the national currency and inflation is negative and equal to 0.01, 0.25 and 0.06. Also, the response of financial development momentum coefficient to the yield of cooperative banking contracts is positive and equal to 0.32. The increase in oil and foreign exchange revenues of the central bank causes an increase in the monetary base of the country, and the volume of liquidity also increases, and therefore inflation will also increase. The expectation of inflation in the future period and uncertainty about the inflation rate are also effective in fueling the intensity of inflation, and as uncertainty increases, the amount of investment in the production sector decreases and the production situation and the yield of contracts also worsen. On the other hand, the artificial pricing of the exchange rate in the years before thein order to reduce the pressure of the foreign exchange market, it is suggested that the annual off

Financial stability for various reasons, including financial freedom, which is the basis of the interaction between the perception of value and risk, which leads to different effects on policy makers' goals on economic variables. One of the parts of influencing financial stability is the monetary policy, which affects the market of financial assets through the price mechanism. The purpose of this paper was to investigate the effect of the financial stability on monetary policy based on the non-linear model in developing countries. In this study, the Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lags (NARDL) model and statistical data for the period 2000-2023 for developing countries including Iran were used. In order to investigate the effect of financial stability on monetary policy, a non-linear model was used. The results obtained from this study indicated that the variable of inflation rate had a positive effect on monetary policy in the short and long term, but the exchange rate, production and financial stability have a negative effect on the monetary policy. In addition to this model, it was observed in the estimated nonlinear model that the positive and negative values caused by the financial stability shock had asymmetric effects on monetary policy in developing countries.

After the financial crisis of 2008, the use of macro-prudential policies has been increased by central banks in order to stabilize the entire financial system along with goals such as inflation stability and economic growth. Considering that the indicators of banking health in the Iranian economy show the unhealthiness of banks and on the other hand, the use of asset-based tools provides different access for different groups of loan applicants, in this study, an attempt has been made by using the DSGE model including heterogeneous households. And by using the statistical information of the period of 1401-1370, the final effects of precautionary policies on the distribution of income and wealth should be investigated. The results show that the use of these tools, on the one hand, leads to the reduction of inequality through increasing financial stability and economic growth, and on the other hand, due to the increase in the cost of access to credit for low-income households, it increases inequality, so the final result depends on the final outcome of these two effects. .

Trade liberalization is one of the rules of the World Trade Organization. Prudential regulation is done for financial stability by countries. There should be a legal framework for the World Trade Organization that liberalizes banking services but does not damage financial stability. Based on an analytical descriptive approach data are gathered from the library. According to the article, the World Trade Organization has tried to balance between the liberalization of banking services and prudential regulation and the trade-off between financial stability and the economy. Likewise, after many years of debate banking services liberalization is accepted as a rule and prudential regulation is an exception.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of social responsibility on financial performance, financial stability and financial inclusion in the banking sector. This research is of library type and factor analysis and is based on panel data analysis. In this research, the financial information of 13 banks listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange during the period 2015-2019 has been analyzed. In this study, to evaluate financial performance, four criteria of return on assets, return on equity, earnings per share and net profit, as well as measuring the financial inclusion of two criteria, the number of bank branches and the number of ATMs and also to measure financial stability from Z used. The results of testing the hypotheses show that social responsibility has a positive and significant effect on financial performance (Hypothesis 1), social responsibility has a positive and significant effect on financial stability (Hypothesis 2) and social responsibility has a significant effect on financial inclusion (Hypothesis 3).  Also, the variables of leverage and tangibility have a negative and significant effect with alternative variables of financial performance, and the variables of age and size of banks have a positive and significant effect on financial performance. The variables of financial leverage, age and size of the bank have a significant effect on the variable of financial stability. But the tangibility of the variable has no significant effect. The variables of tangibility, age and size of the bank also have a significant, positive and significant effect on financial inclusion.

AbstractThe main purpose of this study is to estimate the model of factors affecting financial stability in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. The research method in terms of design was descriptive-analytical based on past events, field experiments, retrospective or causal after occurrence. A review of the literature, research, and interview results reveals five main themes that categorize the factors affecting financial stability in companies. In the following, the effect of these components on financial stability in companies is evaluated. For this purpose, the performance information of 130 companies that have been screened by the method of screening in the period 2015-2019. The results showed that, return on investment and profit to price ratio per share (from performance indicators), working capital (from resource management indicators), financial cost coverage (from financial structure indicators), instantaneous ratio (from indicators Liquidity indices) and institutional ownership (characteristics of the company) have a positive effect on the financial stability of companies. Also, receivables period (from resource management indicators), long-term debt ratio (from financial structure indicators), debt repayment period (from liquidity indicators) have had a negative impact on financial stability.key words: Financial stability, financial indicators, model estimation.

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of economic and policy uncertainty on the financial stability of the banking sector. In this regard, firstly, using Generalized AutoRegressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH), inflation uncertainty as an indicator of economic uncertainty, government tax revenue uncertainty and exchange rate uncertainty as indicators of government policy uncertainty are calculated. Then, the impact of these indicators on the financial stability of the banking sector (calculated using the ZSCORE approach) has been examined. In this study, the monthly data of 19 banks including Melli, Sepah, Post Bank, Maskan, Tejarat, Mellat, Karafarin, Eghtesad Novin, Parsian, Pasargad, Mellal, Sina, Ayandeh, Day, Tourism, Shahr, Iran Zamin, Qarz Al-Hasaneh Resalat and the Middle East has been used in the period 2015 to 2020. The results of this study show a negative and significant relationship between inflation uncertainty and exchange rate uncertainty with the financial stability of the banking sector. However, the coefficient of tax revenues uncertainty is not statistically significant. In addition, the results of the final model indicate a positive relationship between the bank deposit ratio and a negative relationship between the size and ratio of foreign debt with the financial stability of the banking sector.

In this study, we seek to investigate the effect of financial stability and fluctuations in the value of the national currency on the efficiency of Islamic banking in recession and boom regimes. For this purpose, the effect of study variables during the period of 1373 to 1400 is investigated by using the rotation model and Markov switching regime change. The estimation results of the model show that the coefficient of financial development is positive in the prosperity regime. The coefficients of the variables of weakening the value of the national currency in both recession and boom regimes, liquidity and global financial and oil crises have also had a negative impact on the yield of bank contracts in the recession regime. The artificial pricing of the exchange rate in the years before the crisis and preventing its adjustment according to economic conditions is one of the main reasons for the recent fluctuations in the value of the national currency. Thus, as the growth of the exchange rate has increased, the policy makers have tried to control the growth of the exchange rate and prevent its increase by reacting more to it. Meanwhile, the reaction to exchange rate deviations has led to a further weakening of the value of the national currency. As the fluctuations in the value of the national currency increase, the amount of investment in the production sector has decreased and the production situation and the efficiency of the contracts have also worsened.

The decline in the share of bank credit to non-financial firms since the 1990s, relative to credit for real estate and financial asset markets, has raised concerns over economic growth and financial stability and sparked renewed interest in credit policies, instruments and institutions. We examine their theoretical case and post-war use, and trace their demise during the wider market-oriented policy reconfiguration from the 1980s. Notably, this included home ownership polices favoring mortgage markets. We then examine the empirical relationship between credit policy and credit allocation in 1973-2005 for 17 advanced economies. Taking account of co-integration, we present evidence that the decline of credit policies is significantly associated with a lower share of lending to nonfinancial firms. It may be worth revisiting the potential of credit policies to support adequate financing for goals such as innovation, industrial development and the transition to a low-carbon economy

After the severe price fluctuations in the capital market in 2019 and the increase in the activity of the stabilization fund in the country's capital market, doubts were raised about the way of interference and conflict of interests in the activity of this fund. In this research, Iran's capital market stabilization fund has been studied in terms of its nature, function, disclosure, and type of sources, applying a comparative approach with market stabilization funds in China, Germany, and Bangladesh. Then, by referring to the opinions and comments of experts and academicians, defects, problems, and deficiencies of the capital market stabilization fund have been identified and the optimal alternative status has been drawn. The findings of this research, which was conducted by a qualitative method and integration of comparative study and in-depth interviews with experts, indicate that the optimal method for capital market stabilization fund investments is the indirect method through financial institutions. On this basis, the proposed research model is presented in the form of a conceptual model with the aim of providing a suitable alternative solution for fund intervention in the capital market.

In recent years, the operation of the country's banks, affected by internal factors and changes in macroeconomic factors, became unstable and irresistible. This led to the inability to establish stability and the emergence of inefficiency of the economic environment in the functioning of the banking network. Following this, bank executives aimed to identify the factors which affected the resilience of banks and tried to eliminate their vulnerabilities in order to provide the maximum possible benefits, as well as solutions for reforming, strengthening, clarifying, and making the banking system a healthy entity. In the same vein, the components affecting the financial stability and strengthening of the banking system were identified in this study through a mixed methods approach. The results showed that the factors affecting the stability and strengthening of the banking system are classified into two general groups: 1. Environmental and external factors, including macroeconomic conditions, the central bank, the government and higher-order authorities, together with socio-cultural infrastructure; 2. Internal and specific banking factors, including financial health and strengthening of income sources, administrative health and corruption control, excellence of organizational resources and making them intelligent, and innovative management of services and products. The findings revealed that financial health and strengthening of income sources (0.2304), macroeconomic conditions and its stability (0.2150), and the central bank, government, and higher-order authorities (0.1558) are more important in the stability and strengthening of the banking system, which requires executives and planners of the banking system to take them into serious consideration.

Financial stability is one of the important topics that has been increasingly paid attention to by policymakers in the last two decades. Controlling and improving financial stability requires its measurement. Based on this, the aim of the current research is to "design a model for measuring financial stability in Iran's financial system". In terms of developmental-applicative goal and in terms of asset methodology, it is a quantitative approach, of survey-Delphi type, which was done in two stages of literature content analysis and Delphi. The indexing approach of this research is the construction of composite indices (CCI), which was done in three stages. In the first stage, using the content analysis technique, the extracted components and indicators have been used to finalize the measurement and weighting model using the Delphi technique. The statistical population of the research includes experts and elites in the field of banking, 14 people were selected as a Delphi expert panel using the purposeful-judgemental sampling method, and a consensus was reached in two Delphi rounds. The findings showed that the financial stability measurement model has five dimensions (institutional quality, banking health, macro economy, capital market and financial fragility), and 21 components. Institutional quality and banking health are the most important dimensions among the dimensions examined.

The present study examines the effect of dividend policy on the financial stability of banks. For this purpose, the relationship between the dividend policy and the stability of the dividend policy with the financial stability of banks in the long and short term was tested. In this research, 23 banks admitted to the Tehran stock exchange and over-the-counter stock exchange in the period between 2011 and 2019 were examined. The data of the research was collected with the approach of mixed data and using the estimation method of the vector autoregression model by the method of co-accumulation of Johansson-Josilius and the vector error correction model and it was statistically analyzed with the help of Eviews software. The results of the research show that the ratio of dividends paid has a positive and significant effect on the financial stability of banks in the long term, and the ratio of accumulated profits also has a negative and significant effect on the financial stability of banks in the long term, and the findings showed that stability in the distribution policy Dividends have a positive and significant effect on the financial stability of banks in the long term.Originality/scientific added value: The importance of the financial stability of banks in the monetary system has made it necessary to study the effect of profit sharing policies on the financial stability of banks. Dividends can have a great impact on the cost of capital, financial risks and the future price of banks' stocks.

The undeniable role of banks in aggregating and allocating financial resources is possible and sustainable only when banks have financial
stability, especially when faced with financial crises. One of the important and influential factors in financial stability is financial inclusion. Therefore, this study investigates the effect of financial inclusion on financial stability in Iran and selected Islamic countries for the period 2005-2020. The results of the model estimation with dynamic panel data show that financial inclusion has a positive and significant effect on financial stability. In other words, when the number of ATMs, the number of bank branches, and the number of bank accounts with commercial banks are higher, the tendency and access of people to financial services will increase; Thus, the amount of savings and deposits in banks increases, and this, in turn, enhances the ability of banks to cope with financial crises and has a positive effect on their financial stability. The high ratio of non-performing loans, cost-to-income ratio, and loan-to-deposit ratio also have a significant negative impact on financial stability. Furthermore, the impact of macroeconomic variables on financial stability is positive and
significant. In other words, with rising inflation and GDP, the financial stability of banks increases.

Today, the environment is considered as one of the most important pillars of sustainable development, and the development of other economic and social sectors depends on sustainability and its proper functioning. In this regard, the main purpose of this study is to integrate environmental considerations, apply the real costs of the value of environmental goods and services in the country's policies and programs, tax resources and also propose a model for preparing a social accounting matrix, which are important tools. Introduced for sustainable planning. The purpose of this study is to examine more closely the quantitative link between economic activities, economic and social institutions, environment and energy in the form of social accounting system in Iran. Considering that no special work has been done in this field of research in Iran, and considering the importance of this issue in the world, as well as since the interrelationship between the economy and the environment in Iran is very important and the country Iran is one of the most polluted countries in the world in terms of environmental pollution; The need for research to examine the relationship between economic, social and environmental systems is essential. In this study, the Iranian social accounting matrix is introduced by considering the considerations related to tax and environmental components.

Trade liberalizations of 1970s caused financial crises in some countries. After the global financial crisis of 2007, the viewpoint to financial stability has been changed and countries considered the stability of the financial system in whole instead of financial stability of each bank. To this aim, they based banking regulation on macroprudential policy. The haste of countries caused ignoring the theory of bank regulation based on macroprudential policy. In case of uncertainty in banking activities causing market failure, developing a framework for macroprudential policy will not be possible. This research is done through library sources and based on analytic-descriptive approach. The main question of the article is what is the theory of banking regulation based on macroprudential policy? Accordingly, some of the banking activities cause negative externalities that threaten financial stability. The regulator should identify the negative externalities and draw a proper legal framework based on macroprudential policy for the purpose of market failure correction.

If the central bank and the relevant bank risk committee do not monitor and control the amount of liquidity created by a bank, it risks bankruptcy and ultimately all the banks in the country. Therefore, this study examines the impact of liquidity creation on the profitability and financial stability of banks. In terms of purpose and method, this research is applied post-event. A multivariate regression model and data panel approach were used to analyze the information of 15 banks listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange over the period 2013-2020. Berger and Bauman's (2009) method was used to calculate the liquidity creation index and the profitability and financial stability of banks were measured by the return on assets ratio (ROA) and Z-Score, respectively, as well as by control variables at the bank level (size, deposits, facilities, and non-interest income) and industry level (concentration index of banks). According to the results, banks are more profitable and stable when liquidity is created.