implementation

one of the important goals of structural education in the field of architectural engineering is the implementation of structural knowledge in the process of architectural design according to improve the quality and efficiency of architectural designs. Achieving this goal requires educational planning to transfer the learning of structural teachings from the educational position to the architectural design position. The implementation of knowledge is the best point in transfer of learning and means the creation of new procedures for solving unfamiliar problems. According to Bloom's theory, Taxonomy of educational objectives, which is a theory in the field of educational planning, implementation is a level of cognition that is closely related to the cognitive level of creation and design and is based on a combination of proposition, concept and procedure Knowledge dimensions. This research, based on Bloom's theory, has presented a theoretical model of meaningful structural learning versus Rote learning in architectural design. The theoretical model of meaningful structural learning is about structural educational planning in the field of architectural engineering. This model explains the dimensions of process cognition of structure from Remember to Implementation in the process of architectural design, and describes the process of recognizing and knowing the dimensions of the structure in architectural design. Research results show that Propositional, conceptual and procedural knowledge are the dimensions of structural knowledge that are constructed in the process of cognition of structure, and become effective knowledge in design. Another finding of this study is that Geometric understanding of structures is a conceptual knowledge and an intermediate link between structural cognition and architectural design that can be effective in the implementation of structural knowledge in the architectural design process. This research has been done by collecting documentary-library data and logical reasoning method based on Revised Bloom's Taxonomy and theories in the field of design thinking with a cognitive approach.

Contemporary urban planning knowledge has undergone significant changes, shifting from natural and engineering sciences to interdisciplinary fields with a focus on social and human sciences. Urban development plans now emphasize public and private participation. As the second-largest city in Iran, Mashhad plays a vital role within the country due to its regional centrality, large population, and diversity. It is essential to prioritize social sustainability and encourage public participation in the planning process.

Theoretical Framework:

Implementation is a critical component of the urban design process and can be interpreted in two ways: as the essence of the entire process or as an independent step within the process. Through a systematic study of various sources and analysis of urban design processes conducted by researchers, it is possible to categorize the urban design process involved in selecting the design group, defining initial objectives, assessing the existing conditions, clarifying goals, presenting design alternatives, evaluating options, optimizing, developing an implementation plan, implementing, and conducting post-implementation evaluations. Based on research synthesis, factors influencing the implementation of small-scale participatory projects can be categorized into five aspects: development stakeholders (including designers and implementers), management-planning system structures, economic considerations, public participation, and legal considerations.

This paper adopts a qualitative approach and data-based method through semi-structured interviews to identify obstacles, challenges, and factors influencing the implementation of small-scale participatory projects (specifically, neighborhood units) in Mashhad. The study focuses on stakeholders including individuals, urban management, and facilitators involved in the "Mahalle Ma" project. Theoretical sampling was employed until saturation was reached. Data analysis utilized qualitative content analysis with a summative approach and MAXQDA 2018. Open and axial coding techniques were applied to identify the foundational concepts related to the implementation of the targeted projects.

The results of this study highlight the importance of effective collaboration and communication between stakeholders, including the people, urban management, and the facilitator team. Building trust, improving public participation, and addressing financial constraints are essential for the successful implementation of small-scale participatory projects.The relationship between the people and the facilitator: The quality of real participation by the people, as the most important stakeholder group, has a significant impact on achieving the goals of the plan. Negative experiences and a lack of trust in city management can present challenges for the project. To enhance citizens' participation, the facilitator and designer can employ appropriate techniques to involve people in the process, clarify the project definition, and connect it with the needs assessment stage. Effective communication with the social council of the neighborhoods is also crucial, as the lack of it can hinder the quality of citizens' participation.The relationship between the people and urban management: Urban management has initiated this plan with long-term goals in mind, including fostering a culture of participation. However, the inadequate allocation of funds and a lack of effective inter-organizational synergy have resulted in intangible short-term outcomes for the people. This situation raises concerns about increasing mistrust and decreasing satisfaction with the municipality's performance.The relationship between urban management and the facilitator: Both urban management and the facilitator play crucial roles in promoting public satisfaction with the project. They should work towards achieving long-term goals by monitoring, improving, and maintaining a continuous planning process. This entails fostering a culture of participation through trust-building and capacity development. However, the frequent changes in design and planning approaches due to shifts in the urban management structure can affect the facilitator's authority to achieve project goals. The facilitator team should also ensure a constant connection between the needs assessment stage, design, and implementation steps.

This study highlights the crucial role of urban management throughout the various stages of an urban development project. In the pre-implementation stage, urban management plays a fundamental role in selecting an expert design and implementation team. They also prioritize goals based on the type of management system in place.Recognizing the current situation requires the collaboration of the facilitator and the people to establish a shared understanding of the problem. The facilitator acts as a mediator, identifying the real demands of the people and conveying them to management levels to define the project in subsequent stages. Verification of goals and adjustments are made in consultation with citizens, academic experts, and local institutions.The presentation of design alternatives by the facilitator team ensures alignment with the real needs of the people. Evaluation and optimization of alternatives involve active participation from the people, who contribute to selecting the optimal alternative based on their genuine needs. Urban management also considers economic and technical factors in choosing the optimal option.During the implementation stage, urban management plays a critical role in ensuring the design team's recommendations are executed properly by selecting the right contractors. The involvement of the social council, representing the people, is essential in monitoring the implementation process in line with the goals and needs assessment.In the post-implementation stage, continuous monitoring and modification are necessary, with direct input from the people through the facilitator team and urban management. This promotes the long-term continuity and success of the plan, fostering a culture of participation.

In 1984, Pressman and Wildavsky conducted a study that directly discussed the implementation of urban development plans (Pressman & Wildavsky, 1984). Since then, the implementation of urban development plans has been studied extensively, with different researchers investigating four general categories of key issues in this field. The first category is the conceptual examination of program implementation based on compliance, performance, or a combination of both (Feitelson et al., 2017; Rudolf & Grădinaru, 2017). The second category includes the evaluation and different methods of urban development plans (Alfasi et al., 2012; Lyles et al., 2015). The third category is the identification of effective and influencing factors in the implementation process of urban plans (Loh, 2019; Chu, 2020). Finally, the fourth category, which has received the least attention, is the implementation system of urban plans, which examines implementation systems as a comprehensive and independent process (Suárez-Rocha et al., 2012; Hersperger et al., 2019; Nikolić et al., 2021). While research has been conducted in different sections, such as evaluation, effective factors, performance, and the role of people, the implementation system of urban plans has been limitedly studied. Thus, the main question of this research is “how to model the ideal system of implementation management” in urban development plans to achieve a general concept in the world. The purpose of this article is to identify and introduce an evaluation model and executive management for urban plans, which has not received much attention.

This research is a descriptive-analytical research in which, by reviewing the documents and the global literature of the investigated field of operationalization and implementation of urban plans, the indicators, systems, and elements of this subject in the global literature have been collected. The main method in this research is documentary studies. In the first stage, the indicators, pillars, definitions, and generality of the subject have been identified in the world literature, and then after identifying these indicators from the bibliographic method using text analysis techniques and the help of experts, in a workshop, a proposed system based on Global literature has been discussed for the implementation and operationalization of urban plans.

The research’s main question is “How to model the ideal system of implementation management” in urban development plans to achieve a general concept in the world? By reviewing the global literature on implementation management and operationalization of urban plans, 74 indicators divided into 17 sections have been identified. Based on the totality of urban plans, studies, and documents reviewed in this research, an 8-step general framework for the implementation management of plans for a city has been presented. The eight stages of the proposed model are respectively; “Initial review of the whole,” “Review of implementation conditions,” “Responsibility and rules,” “Time and resources,” “Operationalization program,” “Effectiveness,” “Implementation,” and “Evaluation and correction.” This model provides a comprehensive system for managing urban plans from preparation to final implementation to ensure complete and correct implementation. The eight main stages also have executive subsets that cover all 74 identified indicators and factors. In addition to the eight steps, this model requires 5 groups of implementation, evaluation, monitoring, training, and participation, which form the executive council of this model. The proposed model’s focus is on program implementation, whereas, in most similar studies, implementation is seen within the preparation of the program and alongside it. Hersperger et al. (2019) proposed a framework (SPlaMI) that represents current planning practices based on two stages of implementation and planning, including ten general frameworks. Although the research conducted by Hersperger et al. and the current research both seek to introduce a logical system for the optimal implementation of urban plans, there are some differences between them. Hersperger’s research was limited to a systematic review of the implementation based on specific and limited criteria, while the current research looked at the subject in a more general way.

Operationalizing urban plans is a crucial issue in the modern literature of urban planning worldwide. It is understood as a process in which plans are transformed into (urban) space changes to ensure controlled and anticipated change and development (Clifford & Tewdwr-Jones, 2013). If plans are not implemented, no development will take place. This research provides an initially proposed system by reviewing the world literature in this field. While some studies in this field, such as Hersperger et al. (2019), introduce proposed frameworks for the optimal implementation of urban plans, the focus is often on specific and limited criteria. In contrast, this research looks at the implementation process in a general sense. The current research provides an initially proposed system based on global literature to ensure the implementation and operationalization of urban plans. The proposed model provides a comprehensive system for managing urban plans, from preparation to final implementation to ensure complete and correct implementation. The proposed model can help policymakers and urban planners identify the key factors and indicators required for the optimal implementation of urban plans. The proposed model’s focus on program implementation can make it a valuable tool in improving the quality of life in urban areas.

National building regulations in most countries are part of the law and an important professional subject for many construction professionals, including engineers and architects. In addition to construction plans with titles such as approved plans that are available with the seal and signature of the designer and approved by the municipality and the Construction Engineering Organization, other plans are prepared that are used in the implementation and are called executive plans. Since it is specified in all the regulations and even in the Article 100 Commission of the municipalities of Iran, the approved plans are the criterion for reviewing and evaluating the degree of compliance of the construction plans with the laws and regulations. Thus, the discrepancy between the approved and executive plans has led to the formation of violations and non-compliance with the rules and regulations of architecture and urban planning. In order to prevent construction violations, it is necessary to study the nature of this issue and the causes of violations in every way. This study is applied research in terms of purpose, and descriptive, causal, correlational and survey in terms of method. Data was collected by library and field methods through the distribution of questionnaires. Based on the research findings, there are two types of attitudes: The first attitude is municipalities' revenue-generating towards the phenomenon of construction violations, considering fines as a source of revenue, and the inefficiency of the construction monitoring system. The second is the attitude of architectural designers in examining the four main design factors (form, performance, economy, and time), the motivation of owners to make more profit by increasing the lot coverage, designers' freedom of action in executive plans due to non-responsibility, less control of licensing authorities on executive plans, etc. Accordingly, it was found that there is a relationship and correlation between increasing the number of executive plans and increasing construction violations. Therefore, providing sustainable revenue sources, improving the municipal construction monitoring system, improving the licensing bureaucracy in municipalities, and legalizing building plans can help reduce construction violations.

Land development as one of the main policies of land planning in Iran has been defined in urban planning system. Following that, the definitions of land development and preparation plan have been explained in the relevant laws and instructions and have been considered by urban planners. The subject of land development since the 1990s in global experiences and attempts were made to redefine land as a rare and valuable commodity And new agendas such as land sovereignty were introduced in this area. Analysis of existing documents and programs in the field of land preparation plan and its implementation processes in Iran indicates disregard for the conceptual changes of the land and the mentioned changes and taking an unsuitable path in determining and analyzing the goals and problems. The main purpose of this study is to track the problems resulting from the development and implementation of land planning process and according to the characteristics of the problems that these programs generally face and the multiplicity and diversity of stakeholders involved in them, it is necessary to have a method that can track all required problems. Therefore, the selective problem-solving process method used in this research is purposeful problem-solving which Itit provides an opportunity to express the views of different stakeholders that is done by using data collection and analysis techniques as well as thematic content analysis. Finally, the main disadvantages of the preparation and execution process have been identified and in three axes, macro suggestions are presented based on group problem.

From the beginning of the modernism, when architects began to use the aesthetic characteristics of steel and concrete structures in the building, new seismic configuration problems appeared; despite the existence of seismic codes, sometimes safety level in buildings is not achieved due to lack of attention in design and implementation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of architects in the seismic performance of conventional medium-rise buildings by using the experiences of past earthquakes. Information and methods: In the present empirical study, regarding the broad view approach of the research, an experimental laboratory was used by observing damages of RC and steel structure buildings in past earthquakes. All the analytical data in 5 areas, including soil and site conditions, geometry and configuration of architectures, geometry and configuration of structures, architectural details, and structural details were adapted with the process of study, design, and implementation through logical argumentation method. Finally, all potential damages were set as a basic control matrix for use by architects. Findings: According to the 5-part spectral model, unlike the initial impression that only the structural engineer is responsible for seismic resistant design of RC and steel structure buildings, and contrary to the view of some other researchers who consider that the role of architects is limited to the basic design of buildings form, architects play a decisive role on a wide range of factors affecting the seismic performance of buildings in the study, design, and implementation process. Architects play a decisive role on a wide range of factors affecting the seismic performance of buildings in the study, design, and implementation process.

Land use planning in Iran has been based on traditional detailed, comprehensive plans over the last half a century. A variety of studies and evaluations on these plans have indicated a general failure and called for reforms in terms of their content and methods. Present paper aims to find and investigate the causes of the failure to implement proposed urban land use plans with the hope that the results may be usefully direct relevant reforms.
The causes of the failure have indicated in previous studies but these are closely dependent on the professional experience of the researchers and none of them were methodologically systematic. Thus, this gap is addressed in the present paper. Unlike the previous body of research, the quantitative methodology adopted here is known as ‘grounded theory’. Required data was derived from depth interviews. Snowball sampling was employed, including 14 highly informed members from among city officials, planning counselors, professors.
Thus taking the problem as a phenomenon and using grounded theory can be useful in exploration of different causes and conditions. Grounded theory emphasizes direct engagement with real life situations in order to discover what is really going on and believes in the complexity of phenomena and human activities and those humans adopt activism in face of challenges. This theory is sensitive to dynamic, unfolding nature of events and seeks to know the corresponding relations between conditions (structure), action (process) and consequences. For this dilemma as a complex, multidimensional phenomenon, employing grounded theory is more rewarding than other research methods. According to this theory, the main causes of failures in land use plans are recognized along with their relative importance.
Results revealed that some 11 different factors have been related to fail attempts directly, conveniently called causal conditions. The most important were the lack of realism and logical thinking in making plans and proposals (26.56%), unsystematic erroneous decisions and actions (14.06%), negative financial balances in municipalities and illegal profits earned from side stepping the proposed plans (14.06). Any reform in status quo must take into account these obstacles.
In order to clarify these themes divided into two parts. The first contains the problems related to urban plans procedure and content and the second related to problems of urbanization system and structure in Iran. The results indicate that totally 192 codes generate from interviews. Of this number, 69 codes (35.93%) related to plans and 123 codes (64.06%) related to system. Then, reformation and making changes in method and content of planning only couldn’t be enough.
In addition to above conditions, contextual conditions and sustain conditions are also revealed to be effective in this issue. Contextual conditions include major factors that lie outside the reach of urban administrative system. Therefore, urban administrative system may adopt two strategies: repair strategy or conformity strategy. The factors that help the existing situation remain unchanged are called sustain conditions and must be addressed seriously, otherwise, the present problems may continue and make us cope with consequences of inaction.

Urban design approach to prepare and implemente an urban general planning scheme leads to uncoordinated city form and pattern in terms of packaging spontaneously a series of detailed planning schemes of various and diverse environmental neighborhoods such as residential, industrial, commercial, institutional and etc. Urban design involves the arrangement and design of buildings, public spaces, transport systems, services, and amenities. Urban design is the process of giving form, shape, and character to groups of buildings, to whole neighborhoods, and the city. Urban design is about making connections between people and places, movement and urban form, nature and the built fabric. Urban design draws together the many trends of place-making, environmental stewardship, social equity and economic viability into the creation of places with distinct beauty and identity. On the other hand, Implementation tools offer different mechanisms for the delivery of proper quality in urban design outcomes whileare used by a range of professionals to manage, motivate and organise urban design projects. Unlikly, the implementation tools focus on the means of making good quality for urban design projects. Implementation tools can be considered through all stages of an urban design project. A number of the tools focus on discussing and resolving design issues before the construction of a project. Implementation tools can help clear roadblocks in the design process, provide collaborative management structures, and develop creative design solutions. Also, Project implementation (or project execution) is the phase where visions and plans become reality. This is the logical conclusion, after evaluating, deciding, visioning, planning, applying for funds and finding the financial resources of a project. After you have carefully planned your project, you will be ready to start the project implementation phase, the third phase of the project management is life cycle. The implementation phase involves putting the project plan into action. In this phase the project manager will coordinate and direct project resources to meet the objectives of the project plan. As the project unfolds, it’s the project manager’s job to direct and manage each activity, every step of the way. That’s what happens in the implementation phase of the project life cycle: you follow the plan you’ve put together and handle any problems that come up. The implementation phase is where you and your project team actually do the project work to produce the deliverables. The word “deliverable” means anything your project delivers. The deliverables for your project include all of the products or services that you and your team are performing for the client, customer, or sponsor, including all the project management documents that you put together.The steps undertaken to build each deliverable will vary depending on the type of project you are undertaking, and cannot therefore be described here in any real detail. For instance engineering projects will focus on using equipment, resources, and materials to construct each project deliverable, whereas computer software projects may require the development and implementation of software code routines to produce each project deliverable. The activities required to build each deliverable will be clearly specified within the project requirements document and project plan. Project implementation must be carefully planned, managed and monitored if activities are to be successfully implemented on schedule and produce the intended outputs and outcomes. Along with the movement in the world, recently, some projects are called “urban design projects” which are running in different parts of Iran, especially in Tehran. These projects aim to improve the quality of our urban environment and urban spaces. Urban design projects with the aim of improving the quality of urban spaces have been considered as Iran’s urban development plans since the early 80s of Hejri Shamsi and different experiences have been passed. However, no assessment has been made for their conditions. The present study aimed to evaluate implementation of urban design projects as one of the urban development plans. For this purpose, we reviewed several documents and relevant literature to initially develop an evaluation framework and then, identify primary criteria and indicators using analytical- comparative methods, review of documents and similar opinions of other scholars. These criteria and indicators were elaborated and fulfilled through an interview with experts so as to localize and conform to Iran’ context. Finally, the significance and contribution of each criterion and indicator was determined via a questionnaire for the main actors of urban design projects in Iran (especially Tehran) and then evaluation was performed. The findings of the present study indicated that under the current circumstance of urban design projects in Iran, the degree of implementation is semi-appropriate to poor.

In parallel with the growing trend of urban design in the planning system of Iran, it is very important to note its implementation process. Along with the rest of the world, recently, some projects named “urban design projects” has been provided and ran in different parts of Iran, especially in Tehran. These projects aim to improve the quality of our urban environment and urban spaces. In the early 80s of HejriShamsi, city managers and citizens expressed more interest in these projects. In fact, our approach is changing to concentrate more on quality than quantity in urban projects. Urban design involves the arrangement and design of buildings, public spaces, transport systems, services, and amenities. On the other hand, Urban design is about making connections between people and places, movement and urban form, nature and the built fabric. Urban design draws together the many strands of place-making, environmental stewardship, social equity and economic viability into the creation of places with distinct beauty and identity. An urban design plan consists of schemes for the integration of social, economic and spatialaspects in urban development. Urban design plan is usually prepared for a distinct urban block; however, urban areas should be planned in an integrated way so that the whole and the parts forma unified architecture: the architecture of the city. Urban design aims to plan the city without designing individual buildings. Each block and each neighbourhood should have an urban designplan prior to plan approval for the development of projects. However, the process of urban design cannot solve complex social, economical, and environmental problems. But the process of urban design can help a community visualize a desired future in which social, economic, and environmental needs are balanced and met. In the urban design process, implementation phase is very important. Implementation is the carrying out, execution, or practice of a plan, a method, or any design for doing something. Implementation is the action that must follow any preliminary thinking in order for something to actually happen. The planning process is incomplete without plans being implemented. Each provision in the planning policy should have a corresponding means of implementation. The institution which prepared the plan does not need to be an implementer nor to become the monitor of implementation. However, there should be a body that facilitates the implementation and a means to realize plans. Monitoring of plan implementation is a mean for the collection of time-series data for the next round of planning. Development control departments involved in plan implementation should have a section that deals with monitoring of plan implementation. The implementing body should have a clear vision of implementation. It is not enough to define the vision at plan preparation stage if it is not an influence plan implementation. Having a clear vision implies focusing on potentials and exploiting opportunities. Councils and urban managers are expected to have clear vision for the urban area and constantly inform the public as achieving their visions by implementing plans. On the other hand, Implementation has different end points for the different products of urban design. If the urban design product is a rule, implementation means enactment and enforcement. If the product is a pilot project, then implementation means construction. Implementation is rarely in the hands of the urban designers if he ir she is acting as a designer. Rather, implementation in the urban design process relies on the factors of politics and finance. A plan requires some political cajoling for adoption, but in the end, it is just a plan. No one needs to stick it. However, a rule requires a much bigger political lift. If implemented, it wins the legal power of enforcement and gains the weight of the governing organization behind it. The present study attempted to identify and prioritize the criteria and effective indicators in the urban design implementation process. Therefore, we reviewed several documents and relevant literature to initially develop a theoretical framework and then, identify primary criteria and indicators using analytical- comparative method accompanied by review of documents and related opinions of other scholars. These criteria and indicators were elaorated and fulfilled through an interview with experts so as to localize and conform to Iran’s context. Finally, the significance of each criterion and indicator was determined via a questionnaire by the main actors of urban design projects in Iran; afterwards, prioritization was carried out. The findings of this study indicated that in the current circumstance of urban design in Iran, employer eligibility criterion, project management, public participation and relevant indicators are the most important and the level of legal interaction criterion, scientific-academic support and its relevant indicators are the least important factors from the main actors’ viewpoint.

One of the major studies in order to understand the distribution of activities in the city is studying how urban land use is organized. Rapid urban development in the last century and especially in recent decades, causing widespread plans for building a harmonious development in urban arias. Comprehensive plan for the city as an important tool in the management of inventory in the decades, since its emergence had faced with with faint. Today, the urban green space as one of the main indicators of sustainable development and healthy city is referred to be a measureable factor for urban development. Impact of urban development and the complexity of environmental problems, the availability of green space and expanding it to seem to be inevitable. One of the major problems for cities is urban green space that adversely affects every aspect of human life. Compared with urban planning standards, in addition to the low level of use of green space in cities and its variations has created some problems such as the lack of equitable distribution of green space in the city and pointed out the problems of citizens. From the perspective of planning and urban design, landscape spread wider context of the development of vegetation and improve the natural environment of the city. Standards per capita should be made clear, before any plans for the development of urban green space and, In line with the above, the present study aims to assess the user realizing urban development projects; emphasizing the use of green space in the city Dorud a descriptive - analytical study. Studies show researcher adopted comprehensive plan Dorud compared to existing designs residential, educational, cultural, recreational, medical, industrial, and transportation and is quoted. Other members of the proposed Master Plan, adopted in with unrealized designs are available. Dorud in use per capita green space in the status quo is 4.04 square meters, The 9 square meters per capita compared with the approved plan has been approved, is not realized. Model of SWOT strengths of 11 to 25 internal weaknesses and external opportunities for 11 to 16 external threats In conjunction with the existing implementations of Urban Development Goals have been identified and studied. Impacts of urban development and the complexity of environmental issues, and expand the availability of green space it always has been inevitable. Concentrated in cities as centers of human activity, in order to ensure its sustainability choice but to accept the structure and function of natural systems are affected... Among these green spaces as an integral and essential component of the body cities. They have a fundamental role in the metabolism deficiency can cause serious problems in urban life created Due to the critical nature of urban green space management mechanism and also the necessity of justice in an effort to expand access to city parks and green spaces suitable, Equitable distribution of land in the city, is considered one of the issues of urban planning, Therefore, to address the issue of social justice in the distribution and location of urban essential problem seems to be. Conducted studies on how to increase public participation in the creation, preservation and maintenance of green spaces (parks within the city) and increasing social control through the use of popular participation is essential Studies undertaken to prepare a comprehensive plan for the city's green spaces Dorud and integrated planning for this type of user, any plan to create green space, And urban parks in the city should be in the context of the proposed studies.

Along with the rest of the world، recently، some projects named “urban design projects” has been provided and is running in different parts of Iran، especially in Tehran. These projects aim to improve the quality of our urban environment and urban spaces. In the early 80s of Hejri Shamsi، city managers and citizens expressed more interest in these projects. In fact،our approach is changing to concentrate more on quality than quantity in urban projects. Urban design involves the arrangement and design of buildings، public spaces، transport systems، services، and amenities. On the other hand، Urban design is about making connections between people and places، movement and urban form، nature and the built fabric. Urban design draws together the many strands of place-making، environmental stewardship، social equity and economic viability into the creation of places with distinct beauty and identity. The main issue of this study is to evaluate the implementation of urban design projects، as an urban development plans. The present study attempted to identify criteria that affect the implementation of urban design projects in Iran and to compare their success together and attempted to evaluate the implementation rate of Iran urban design projects identify، and prioritize the criteria and effective indicators in this process. Therefore، several documents and relevant literature were reviewed to initially develop a theoretical framework and then، identify primary criteria and indicators using analytical- comparative methods، reviewing documents، and related opinions of other scholars. These criteria and indicators were made precise and fulfilled through an interview with experts so as to localize and conform to Iran’s context. After considering experts ideas، and also adjustment and localization for Iran، TOPSIS technique based on the implementation plan was carried out to rank their implementation. The Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) is a multi-criteria decision analysis method، which was originally developed by Hwang and Yoon in 1981with further developments by Yoon in 1987and Hwang، Lai and Liu in 1993. TOPSIS is based on the concept that the chosen alternative should have the shortest geometric distance from the positive ideal solution and the longest geometric distance from the negative ideal solution. It is a method of compensatory aggregation that compares a set of alternatives by identifying weights for each criterion، normalising scores for each criterion and calculating the geometric distance between each alternative and the ideal alternative، which is the best score in each criterion. An assumption of TOPSIS is that the criteria are monotonically increasing or decreasing. Normalisation is usually required as the parameters or criteria are often of incongruous dimensions in multi-criteria problems. The findings of the selected projects were ranked based on the organization and development of the project as the top project was Hassan Abad organizing and restoration project، and the weakest was reconstruction of TAJRISH bazaar based on implementation approach. This would indicate that the criteria and indicators for urban design projects implementation in reconstruction of TAJRISH bazaar Project has not been well attentioned.

Now look at the lack of systematic and comprehensive plans, affluent and urban development projects, uncoordinated bureaucracy and official bodies scattered wide and influential in the field of urban management, lack of awareness of citizens and business users - than the exercise of his rights and civil society oversight and participation in the design and construction of the major obstacles in the path of urban beautification and good urban Landscape. This article was written based on the need for a meta-analytic review and sample and data collection tools: library studies and documents have benefited. The findings show Strong structural pattern recognition of outstanding architectural design and its various sections, such as, the apparent relationship between the components of form, color, dimensions, size, quality, material, graphics, designs, compliance with rules designed and Methodologies; resolution elements: changes in form, conflicts appearance, color and paper, proportions, design and coordination: the manufacture, use, maintenance, design rational selection of suitable materials, manufacturing processes and applications design aesthetic, meaningful and valuable (without visual disturbance), And beautification of the most important indicators are being considered In the end, strategies and solutions to improve the current situation in Iran is presented.