جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Insomnia » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Smartphone is now an inevitable device for the populace, with its use growing progressively worldwide. There is lack of published literature focusing on the consequences of smartphone addiction on middle-aged and older adults in Nigeria. This study investigated the association between smartphone addiction, psychological status, insomnia and pain-related disability of the neck among staff of the College of Medicine, University of Lagos (CMUL).

This study involved the use of cross-sectional survey to investigate 271 (106 females, 165 males) staff of CMUL, Lagos, mean age (45.797±9.28 years) via purposive sampling technique in 2022. Four standard questionnaires were used for data collection; smart phone addiction scale (SAS), depression, anxiety and stress scale (DASS), neck pain disability index (NDI), and insomnia severity index (ISI).

The results revealed that 80 (29.5%) staff of college of medicine were addicted to smartphone use. Eleven (4.1%) staff of this college had severe depression, 16 (5.9%) had extremely severe anxiety while nine (3.3%) were severely stressed. Nine (3.3%) participants had clinical insomnia and five (1.8%) had moderate to severe problem with their neck. It was revealed that there was a significant association between smartphone addiction, pain-related disability of the neck (p=0.023), and insomnia (p=0.001). However, no significant association existed between depression (p=0.578), anxiety (p=0.060), stress (0.685), and smartphone addiction level of the participants

Smartphone addiction is predominant among staff of CMUL, and it is associated with neck pain-related disability and insomnia.

Sleep problems and aggression are common among healthcare workers due to shift work and constant interaction with patients and their relatives. The present study examined the associations between sleep problems, self-regulation, and interpersonal aggression among healthcare workers.

In this cross-sectional study, 400 healthcare workers were selected from four state-run hospitals in Kermanshah City, Iran, using a multi-stage random sampling between March 2021 and March 2022. The sample size was selected using the N>50+8m standard formula. The participants completed several standard scales, including the Pittsburgh sleep quality index, the Berlin questionnaire, the insomnia severity index, the self-regulation questionnaire, and the Buss-Perry aggression questionnaire. The obtained data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation, hierarchical multiple regression techniques, and standardized z scores.

The Mean±SD age of the participants was 32.5±8.8 years and 70% were female. All sleep problems, including poor sleep quality, sleep apnea, and insomnia severity, are significantly related to the total score of interpersonal aggression and all its subfactors (P<0.001). The results showed that adding self-regulation to sleep problems to predict aggression greatly reduces the effect of sleep problems, especially the insomnia severity (P<0.001).

The results showed that self-regulation is not only a protective factor for aggression but also indirectly protects against aggression by controlling the severity of insomnia. Because both sleep problems and self-dysregulation are modifiable risk factors for interpersonal aggression, psychological interventions can target these risk factors.

Sleep disorders are a public health problem, and sleep studies among ethnic groups are few. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate sleep quality and sleep problems among Iranian people.

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 4748 young people aged 18 to 35 (average: 27.58 years) in western Iran during the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, 60.4% of the participants were men. The data were collected using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inventory (PSQI), the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and the Demographic Information Questionnaire and analyzed with SPSS software version 22.

About 44.4% of the participants had unfavorable sleep quality and had sleep problems. Besides, the mean score of sleep problems (measured with PSQI) reported by the participants was 5.68±2.67. The logistic regression analysis showed that the participant’s age, education, marital status, occupation, drug abuse, alcohol consumption, use of mobile phones and the internet, and a history of previous sleep problems accounted for sleep problems during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Based on the results, there was a high prevalence of sleep problems among Iranian young people during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Insomnia in older people results from aging and declining body function. However, no studies have identified the proper therapy to reduce insomnia in older adults. 

This study aimed to examine the complementary therapies commonly used to lessen insomnia in older adults. 

A systematic review was conducted based on PRISMA (the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses), and quantitative and randomized controlled trials were searched in PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Lilacs, SciELO, DOAJ, ProQuest, and GARUDA. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the EPHPP QAT (the effective public health practice project for quality assessment tool) for quantitative studies. Only studies of moderate and strong quality were included. 

We analyzed 11 studies with a sample of 2495 older people. The significance of therapeutic effects on elderly insomnia had a strong influence with a P of 0.05 and Cohen’s kappa of 0.80 in four studies. We identified 11 articles that found complementary therapies appropriate and recommended in reducing insomnia in older adults, including Tai Chi, cognitive behavior therapy, lavender aroma, and digital cognitive therapy. The results of the insomnia score were more than 50% positive changes, without adverse effects, including improvement in sleep efficiency (57%), total sleep time (60%), and insomnia rating scale score (75%).

The application of complementary therapy has put forward alternative treatments for older adults to reduce insomnia problems, improve their quality of life, and enhance the qualifications of nurses in other applied fields.

Insomnia is the most common sleep problem which is associated with cortical over-excitation. Transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) potentially modifies insomnia-related cortical state. There-fore, we tested the hypothesis that insomnia severity can be modulated by tDCS.

The current study was conducted with a pretest-posttest design and a control group. A total of 32 women with insomnia were randomly categorized into an intervention group (active stimulation) and a control group (sham stimulation). In the intervention group, tDCS was used with an intensity of 2mA for 20 to 30 minutes during 12 sessions (3 times a week). Anodal stimulation was performed on the left primary motor cortex (M1) and cathodal stimulation was performed on the right dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). The control group received sham stim-ulation for 20 to 30 minutes during 12 sessions (3 times a week). All participants were evaluated before and after the intervention using the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS).

The results of univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) showed a significant difference between the tDCS group and the sham group in terms of reduction in the severity of insomnia. We also observed that positive affect increased and negative affect decreased following insomnia treatment (P ≤ 0.005).

The results of our study indicated that performing our designed tDCS protocol for treating insomnia can be effective in treating insomnia and improving positive and negative affect.

Premenstrual syndrome and primary dysmenorrhea are common gynecological complaints that are associated with psychological disorders. There is increasing evidence for the neuroprotective properties of curcumin, a polyphenolic natural product. This study aimed to assess the effects of curcumin on sleep complications in women with premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea.

This triple-masked, placebo-controlled clinical trial comprised 124 patients with both premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea. Participants were randomly assigned to curcumin (n=57) or control (n=60) groups. Each participant received one capsule containing either 500 mg of curcumin plus piperine or placebo, daily, from 7 days before until 3 days after menstruation for three consecutive menstrual cycles. Insomnia and sleepiness were assessed using standard questionnaires.

Scores for insomnia and daytime sleepiness were directly correlated with the Premenstrual Syndrome Screening Tool (PSST) score (p<0.05), but not with the visual analogue scale (VAS) score at baseline (p>0.05). There was a non-significant reduction in insomnia and sleepiness scores in both curcumin and placebo groups after the study intervention. Whilst, improvement rate of insomnia status, daytime sleepiness severity, short sleep duration and difficult sleep initiation was not statistically significant between the curcumin and placebo groups.

Curcumin does not significantly affect sleep disorders in young women with premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea.

The emergence of COVID-19 has created fears, worries, and anxiety among individuals worldwide. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of mental health problems (fear, stress, anxiety, depression, and insomnia) and their contributing factors among undergraduate nursing students in Oman two years after the start of the pandemic.

Methods & Materials: 

A cross-sectional study was employed for this study. The questionnaire was distributed electronically via Qualtrics® Online survey software. It consisted of items relating to detailed demographics, background history, and standard scales, including the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, the Perceived Stress Scale, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the Insomnia Severity Index.

The sample comprised 548 nursing students. The participants had a mean FVC-19 score of 16.39, with a standard deviation of 6.04. The overall prevalence of stress, anxiety, depression, and insomnia among nursing students was 94%, 70%, 53%, and 38%, respectively. There was a significant relationship between fear of COVID-19 (p< 0.05) and stress, anxiety, depression, and insomnia.

Fear of COVID-19, stress, anxiety, depression, and insomnia pose notable challenges for undergraduate nursing students. Identifying these mental health issues early is crucial as well as introducing preventive and supportive interventions tailored to the specific contributing factors. This is essential to mitigate the potential for more severe psychological consequences among nursing students.

In previous studies, multiple interventions to improve sleep quality were suggested in students with insomnia based on different results. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of combined binau-ral beat treatment on improving sleep quality in students with insomnia.

This was a randomized clinical trial, which included all students living in Neyshabur, Khora-san Razavi Province, Iran, in 2020. In terms of inclusion criteria, 34 students (12 women) were assigned randomly into two control (n = 17) and experimental groups (n = 17). A combined binaural beat treatment (α, θ, and δ) and sleep hy-giene guidelines were given to the experimental group, but the control group only received the same sleep hygiene guidelines. Insomnia Severity Index, Sleep Hygiene Index, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were research instru-ments for this purpose. The results were analyzed with SPSS software.

The effect of the combined binaural beats on ISI (F = 31.16, P < 0.001), sleep hygiene (F = 39.15, P < 0.001), and sleep quality (F = 14.15, P < 0.001) of students with insomnia was apparent during multivariate analysis of covari-ance (MANCOVA). The highest and lowest effects on the total value of sleep (effect size = 0.58) and the SHI (effect size = 0.35) were achieved by combined binaural beat treatment.

The combined binaural beats (α, θ, and δ) improve total sleep quality, sleep hygiene, and ISI of students with insomnia. Besides, such a treatment can be utilized as a modern non-invasive intervention.

Restless leg syndrome (RLS) is a frequent sensory dyskinesia disorder of the nervous system and a cause of disability in several aspects. This study aimed to determine the relationship between RLS and mood complications, menstrual patterns, and its associated symptoms among young women.

This cross-sectional study was undertaken on 118 female university students in Birjand, Iran, from December 2019 to January 2020 using a multistage cluster sampling method. The degree of RLS was assessed using the International RLS Severity Scale. The severity of PMS was characterized via the Premenstrual Syndrome Screening Tool (PSST). Neuropsychological performance of participants was evaluated. Data analysis was performed by SPSS software (version 16.0).

Of 118 participants, 29.7%, 32.2%, 27.9%, and 10.2% of them were not affected by RLS or suffered from mild, moderate, or severe types of RLS, respectively. The subjects with RLS had a significantly lower duration of their menstruation cycle and higher PSST scores compared to those without it. Subjects with different severities of RLS scored higher for the severity of depression, anxiety, stress, insomnia, and sleepiness than normal women (P<0.01). The RLS score was a significant factor related to the scores for cognitive abilities (β=-0.33; P=0.022), depression (β=0.32; P=0.001), anxiety (β=0.24; P=0.003), stress (β=0.44; P<0.001), quality of life (β=-0.23; P<0.001), insomnia (β=0.21; P=0.001), sleepiness (β=0.15; P=0.014) and PSST (β=0.28; P=0.019).

In the absence of health management, RLS is potentially associated with depression, anxiety, sleep disruption, cognitive impairment, decreased quality of life, and menstrual problems.

Subacute thyroiditis is an uncommon thyroid disease which usually occurs after a viral infection. During COVID-19 pandemics, several subacute thyroiditis cases were identified during or after COVID-19. Due to their similar manifestations and high prevalence of COVID-19, subacute thyroiditis might be neglected if the clinicians do not keep it in mind. In this care report, we present a missing patient with SARS-COV-2 infection and subacute thyroiditis which was not suspected until the latent phase of the disease.The patient report can be a re-emphasis on the importance of clinical examination and especially paying attention to palpation of the thyroid gland.

The prevalence of psychiatric disorders namely depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbances has been increased worldwide, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this regard, the interest of recent investigations is moved toward phytomedicines and bioactive substances derived from natural sources. Although Tilia platyphyllos Scop. contains high amounts of phenolic compounds such as quercetin, kaempferol, and catechin, there is no study on the possible effects of its extract on psychological disorders. The present study was carried out to determine the antidepressant-like, anxiolytic, and sedative-hypnotic effects of the hydroethanolic extract of T. platyphyllos leaves using forced swimming test (FST), tail suspension test (TST), elevated plus maze test (EPMT), pentobarbital-induced loss of righting reflex test and open field test (OFT). Following the ethanolic extraction of T. platyphyllos leaves, the extraction yield was 14% and the total phenolic and total flavonoid contents were found to be 135.23 ± 0.14 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry extract and 19.02 ± 0.03 mg rutin equivalent/g dry extract, respectively. Both FTS and TST revealed a significant antidepressant-like activity for the tested extract at 400 mg/kg compared to the control group. In addition, the anxiolytic activity of the extract was proven through OFT and EPMT in the same dose. Finally, T. platyphyllos extract at 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg significantly increased the sleeping time when compared to the control group reflecting its potential hypnotic activity. Co-administration of T. platyphyllos extract at 400 mg/kg and flumazenil as the GABA-A receptor antagonist decreased the sleeping time but the observed effect was not statistically significant. Therefore, we cannot completely rule out the involvement of GABA-A receptors in the hypnotic activity of the extract. The biological results presented here led us to conclude that T. platyphyllos extract can be a prominent source of antidepressant, anxiolytic and hypnotic agents. Probably, the main phenolic compounds of T. platyphyllos such as quercetin, kaempferol, and catechin are involved in the observed effects. However, there is still a great need for additional investigations on the exact mechanisms.

Insomnia affects the daily activities of the sufferers and reduces attention and memory. Cognitive behavioral therapy is an expensive treatment and is not applicable to all patients, and long‑term treatment with sleep medication can have side effects such as drug dependency. As an alternative form of non‑pharmacological treatments, the effect of exercise therapy on improving the symptoms of insomnia is addressed in the current study.

A total of 32 patients diagnosed with insomnia participated in the study, from which 16 received combined resistance‑aerobic exercise therapy. The rest of the patients comprised the control group. The intervention group went through a 12‑week intervention in the form of aerobic exercise for 3 days a week and resistance training for another 3 days a week. Patients’ sleep quality was assessed by the Pittsburgh test before and after the intervention.

The results showed that combined aerobic‑resistance exercise can improve sleep quality in patients with insomnia as well as increase subjective sleep quality and actual sleep duration, and decrease daytime dysfunction due to sleeping problems.

This study shows that, along with other insomnia treatments, exercise can improve the sleep quality of patients.