Frequency assessment of maxillofacial fractures in trauma patients admitted in maxillofacial surgery ward in Sina and Shariati hospitals’ in 2018 and 2019

Fractures of the facial bones and jawbones could cause functional problems along with social and cosmetic problems. Various factors (including road accidents, assault, falling from height, sport injuries, and getting hit by a hard object) could cause these fractures. Collecting and reporting accurate epidemiologic data regarding the facial fractures are major steps toward planning preventive measures. The aim of this study was to collect the epidemiologic data regarding maxillofacial fractures in two referral centers (Shariati and Sina hospitals) in the city of Tehran.

The study was a cross-sectional retrospective investigation. All the necessary data were collected from the patients’ files and analyzed using SPSS 25.

The present study pursued data of 454 trauma admitted patients in oral and maxillofacial surgery wards of Shariati and Sina hospitals in 1397 and 1398. These data showed that a number of 374 patients of all patients were men and the other 80 were women. The ratio of male patients to female patients was 4.5:1. In 290 of cases (64%), the fractures occurred as combined fractures and in 164 cases (36%), the fractures occurred as single fracture. These fractures happened mostly in the mandibular bone and in mandibular body, and the least of these fractures happened in Orbit. This study showed that there was a significant relation (with 95% confidence level) between the mandibular body fractures and mandibular angle fractures. This study also showed that there was another significant relation (with 95% confidence level) between the mandibular angle fractures and LeFort 2 fractures. In addition, this study also showed (by using k2 exam) a relation between the etiology of trauma and the number of fractures.

This present study showed that the maxillofacial fractures happened mostly in men much more than women. If we put motorcycle accidents and car accidents in a group together called road accidents, the most common etiology of maxillofacial fractures is road accidents. The results showed that the most fractures happened in the age range of 15-25 year old.