فهرست مطالب مصطفی علیزاده

The aim of the present research was to investigate the relationship between organizational justice and employee job satisfaction with an emphasis on knowledge management with a case study in Babolsar city municipality. According to the nature of the subject and research objectives, the descriptive-survey research method, the correlation type, has been used. The statistical population of the research includes all the employees of the mentioned organization, whose number is 750, and the sample size was determined by simple random sampling as 256 people based on Morgan’s table. Data collection tools including organizational justice questionnaire (Niehoff and Moorman, 1993), job satisfaction (Kendall and Smith, 1969) and knowledge management (Joseph Haddad, 2006) were used. The validity of the questionnaire based on experts’ opinions and their reliability was calculated using Cronbach’s alpha and it is 0.42, 0.85 and 0.74, respectively. The data is entered into Amos21 software and related computer software and the necessary outputs are extracted and analyzed without any interference or mental inference. Data analysis tools were used at the level of descriptive statistics of tables, graphs and statistical methods of average and standard deviation, and at the level of inferential statistics, regression statistical methods were used. The obtained results show that among the three variables of organizational justice, job satisfaction and knowledge management, there is a positive and significant relationship. And organizational justice can predict job satisfaction.

Lipoma is the most common benign soft tissue tumor of mesenchymal origin that may occur anywhere in the human body. This tumor is composed of mature adipose tissue without cellular atypia and is often surrounded by a fibrotic connective tissue capsule. The common locations of this tumor are the buccal mucosa, tongue, lips, gums, and floor of the mouth, in order of abundance. This study deals with a case report of angiolipoma in the anterior labial vestibule of the mandible in a 34-year-old female patient.

Case Report:

 A 34-year-old female patient referred with a complaint of presence of a protrusion in the vestibule in front of the mandible. It was found that there is an exophytic mass, non-sessile, with healthy mucosa on the lesion, with a relatively firm consistency, and a size of 4.5×3.5×1.5 cm in the chin area and labial vestibule of the mandible in the anterior area. After cutting the lesion and exposing it, a red color mixed with yellow color, which was fat tissue, was observed. In the microscopic description, it was stated that a mature fat mass mixed with thick vessels was observed. In some areas of these vessels, there was a thrombus and mixed muscle tissue.

Lipoma treatment is only sufficient through a surgical method, and cutting the lesion and its histopathological characteristics have no effect on the prognosis of the lesion due to the absence of pain; therefore, its existence is usually remains hidden from the patient.

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the type and extent of tax evasion relationship with hidden economy. Based on the theoretical foundations and background of studies, influential and influential variables on tax evasion and hidden economy were identified and then based on Panel-MIMIC structural methodology for the period 2011-2018 in 30 selected provinces and using ML estimator, the relationship between these two variables Was modeled. Due to the similarity of influential variables on tax evasion and hidden economy, the selected model was analyzed as a system of simultaneous equations. The results showed that although the hidden economy has a positive relationship with tax evasion, the causality of tax evasion on the hidden economy has a larger coefficient, which indicates that tax evasion is more on the hidden economy than the similar effect of the hidden economy on tax evasion. It has an effect. Other research shows that income and profit taxes, GDP per capita and government size have a positive effect on tax evasion and open economy has a negative effect on tax evasion. It was also found that with the increase of tax evasion, income distribution becomes more unequal and the labor force participation rate of the economy decreases.

In the present work, it was tried to improve the electrochemical efficiency of aluminum base sacrificial anodes with Al-Zn-Mn-Fe alloy by two mechanical and chemical methods and to compare the effect of these methods. In this regard, the melt shearing process at 0, 2 and 4 minutes was used as a mechanical method and the addition of bismuth, lithium and tin elements was used as a chemical method. The results of the microstructure investigation using optical (OM) and transmission electron (SEM) microscopes revealed that the melt shearing process leads to grain refinement, increasing the number of equiaxed grains and reducing the size of intermetallic compounds. With increasing the melt shearing time, the effect of microstructure modification increased and therefore the electrochemical efficiency of the samples increased so that the 4 minute sample showed the most modification of structure and the highest electrochemical efficiency. Also, the results showed that among the additive elements, adding Bi caused the best electrochemical efficiency. The results of comparing the effect of mechanical modification and chemical modification demonstrated that the effect of chemical modification is far better than the mechanical modification. The electrochemical efficiency of the mentioned alloy without melt cutting and chemical additives was 11%, but by applying melt cutting in 4 minutes, the efficiency increased to 15%, while due to the addition of bismuth, the electrochemical efficiency increased from 15% to 68%.

In casting, one way to reduce hot tearing is by modifying the microstructure. In this study, the microstructure of A206 alloy was modified using a melt shearing process at various times, and the effect of melt shearing time on hot tearing behaviour was analyzed. A steel chamber with two baffles and a spiral stirrer was used to apply shear stress to the melt. The sheared melt was then cast in a graphite mold in the form of a constrained rod, and optical and SEM microscopes were utilized to investigate grain size. To evaluate the susceptibility to hot tearing, the quantity of crack length density was used as a criterion. The results revealed that melt shearing process reduces the size of shrinkage pores, making it harder to initiate hot tearing, and increases the alloy's resistance against hot tearing. Also, due to decreasing the size of shrinkage pores, the ultimate strength is increased up to 57%. As the melt shearing time increased up to 3 minutes, the as-cast microstructure became less uniform; however, after 3 minutes, the microstructure became significantly more uniform. Additionally, the grain size decreased up to 37%, and the rate of this decrease accelerated after 3 minutes, leading to an increase in resistance to hot tearing. The decrease in grain size due to melt shearing caused an increase in the number of grain boundaries and a reduction in the thickness of the grain boundary precipitation layer, resulting in a softer behaviour observed on the fracture surface.

Stories based on the genre of horror have always been the best seller ones in the field of children’s and adolescents’’ literature worldwide as well as Iran. Adolescent readers have extraordinarily been keen on them. The critics and theorists have been divided into two groups toward this issue. Some critics believe that stories based on the genre of horrors bring about harmful effects on child and adolescent readers. On the contrary, some other critics think that these works are the best sellers among adolescents because of the characteristics of adolescence. The present research scrutinizes the relation between the genre of horror, the reasons of horror stories among adolescents and the functions of the stories of this literal type among adolescent readers. The findings of this study indicate that there is a meaningful relationship between the horror literal works and the needs of adolescence. Moreover, these types of stories convey remarkable psychological functions among adolescent readers. This research has been done based on descriptive-analytical approach.

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has recently attracted the attention of many organizations, especially banks. In fact, by social responsibility we mean a series of duties and obligations that organizations must undertake to safeguard and help the social environment they work in. Today, all organizations, regardless of the type of their activities, have come to notice their being responsible and accountable for all their shareholders, environmental protection and the society in which they are active. Thus, this research seeks to investigate the impact of corporate social responsibility initiatives on banking customers. The three different CSR initiatives mentioned in this research are customer-centricity, philanthropy and environmental protection.    From the ‘practical objective’ and ‘data collection’ points of view, this is a descriptive survey research and the data are gathered with a 27 item and 7 point Likert scale questionnaire. Because it measures the relations between the variables, it is correlational and in regard to the data obtained by the tests, it is a field research. By using Cochran formula, from 400 questionnaires distributed among Maskan Bank clients, a 382 sample volume was analyzed using SPSS23 software and descriptive and inferential statistics. The Cronbach Alfa coefficient was used to determine the reliability of the questionnaire with the result 0.93, and for checking the questionnaire’s validity we used Content Validity Ratio together with the supervising and advising professors’ opinions as well as factor analysis. Finally, the hypothesis was tested with MANOVA method.

Contaminated soil with heavy metal is one of the most important environmental issues in the world. The refining plant is one of the methods of refinement and prevent potential pollution hazards of heavy metals in soil. The purpose of this study, effects of various concentrations of EDTA on some morphological characteristics and the efficiency of EDTA for Increased Ni from soil and to compare their effects for enhancing of Ni extraction with Indian mustard (brassica juncea L). For this purpose, a greenhouse experiment was conducted in completely randomized design with four replications. Soil samples were mixed with 600 mg/kg of nickel sulfate and the seeds were planted in soil of pot. The experimental factor was including 0, 1, 5, 10 and 12 mmol EDTA that after the seed cultivation have been added to the soil. The results of the research showed that The application of different EDTA concentrations decreased morphological characteristics and increased soluble nickel concentrations in soil and transfer it to the inside of the plant and this changes was significant compared to the control treatment. The increase in soluble nickel concentrations in soil and transfer it to the inside of the plant inhibits the absorption of essential elements to the plants shoot and thus, repelled the growing process. In general, Indian mustard (brassica juncea L) due to high nickel resistance can be introduced as a Ni hyper accumulator to EDTA induced phytoextraction technology.  But according to the preventive effects of these substances on the growth of the plant should be used for low concentrations.

In this study, the effect of strainin thermomechanical two-step aging heat treatment on mechanical properties and electrochemical corrosion resistance of Al-2024 alloy has been investigated. These results were compared with normal aging T6. For this research, samples of Al-2024 alloys were placed at ambient temperature during normal aging under different percentages of strain, and then aging treatment was completed. Four strains of 10%, 30%, 50% and 65% were applied on the samples by rolling machine. The results of tensile test with low strain rate, potentiodynamic polarization curves and optical microscopy indicated that the sample with 50% strain offered optimum combination of microstructure, mechanical strength and corrosion resistance. This is due to the fine and uniform distribution of precipitates that cause increasing of yield strength, tensile strength and corrosion resistance by 27%, 10%, and 83%, respectively, in comparison with T6 heat treated[MP2D1] . Therefore applying strain of 50%, can increase the corrosion resistance with maintaining high strength in two-step aging and thermomechanical heat treatments.

In the present study, solidification process of Al-Fe eutectic alloys at a metallic mold was done by finite difference method; and the hot tearing sensitivity was investigated. The mold was designed for directional solidification toward the mold center. The results of simulation revealed that the solidification was done in two stages. In the first stage, the mushy zone thickness was increased and in the second stage it was decreased. As the Fe content was increased, the time of first stage was decreased while the time of second one was independent of Fe amounts. In this work, it was supposed that the hot tear is formed only in a pero-eutectic continuous solid network, so, a criterion for hot tearing susceptibility was introduced based on the mushy zone thickness and local solidification time. In this criterion, the hot tears filled with eutectic melt were account as healed hot tears. The results depicted that all alloys could be sensitive to hot tearing during first stage. Because of low cooling rate during the second stage, the melt experiences near equilibrium solidification; therefore the pero-eutectic solid network could not be formed in Al-1.5wt% alloy and consequently this alloy was not sensitive to hot tear. The most sensitivity was related to Al-1wt%Fe and Al-1.5wt%Fe alloys. At the second stage of solidification, the most sensitivity was related to Al-1wt%Fe alloy.

In this study, the microstructures and mechanical properties of Al 7075 alloy obtained from conventional and modified SIMA have been investigated. In fact, the appropriate microstructure for the semi-solid forming is the non-dendritic microstructure with enough degree of spheroidity. In this research, a type of modified SIMA was used to make a comparison with the conventional SIMA. An annealed strip of Al 7075 alloy after rolling was soaked in an electrical furnace at 590 °C for different periods and then was cooled to 500 °C and quenched in cold water. After that, the mentioned procedure was repeated without rolling. The results showed noticeable improvement in the microstructure and the mechanical properties of the alloy processed by the modified SIMA. Not only was the globular structure finer and more homogenous but also, a more homogenous distribution of the secondary phase particles in a non-continuous manner was obtained at the grain boundaries and the eutectic structure was removed. These led to the improved mechanical properties such as ultimate tensile strength from 371 MPa to 442 MPa, elongation from 4.2 % to 13.1 %. In addition, although the maximum microhardness at grain boundaries decreased, the microhardness level within the grains improved and formability enhanced severely.

This research report investigated investigates the causes and mechanisms of copper pipes clogging used in gas chlorination systems of drinking water. Clogging of the chlorine gas transmission pipes causes incomplete water disinfection process and may put the human health in dangerous. Comprehensive examinations of the destroyed copper pipes in some stations revealed that, the reason of frequent clogging of the pipes is corrosion phenomenon. The reasons and mechanism of the frequent clogging of the pipes were investigated in the present work. For this purpose, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were applied to deduce the reasons and mechanism of the frequent clogging. The investigations of pipe clogging mechanism revealed that, the unwanted presence of the water inside the pipe when the system is out of service lead to pipes clogging in two stages (formation and growth of corrosion products). The simultaneous presence of water and chlorine inside the pipes cause the formation of corrosive electrolyte (Hydrochloric acid) which provides corrosion conditions inside the pipes. The XRD results identified the presence of the porous and voluminous corrosion product of paratacamite (Cu2(OH)3Cl). The SEM images demonstrated by providing the corrosive environment inside the pipe and as result, formation of porous corrosion products cause the rapid growth of non-protective layer of corrosion products. The growth of corrosion products scale and aggregation of separated parts of corrosion products in some parts of the pipes led to pipes clogging and as result the incomplete injection of sufficient amount of chlorine in drinking water.

This study aims to investigate the effect of holding temperature and time of semi-solid SIMA process on the microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminum alloy 2024 and to compare it with T6 heat treatment. The results of scanning electron microscopy, EDX analysis and metallographic techniques showed that an increase in holding temperature and holding time would first lead to an increase in sphericity and then a decrease is observed. This process led to an increased formation of continuous eutectic microconstituent in the grain boundaries and also more cavities. The optimum cases represented an increase of 116% in elongation and 44% in toughness, and a decrease of 3.7% in strength and 5.5% in hardness in comparison with T6 heat treated sample. The results indicated the positive effects of SIMA process on the mechanical properties.

Al-Zn-Mg/3 wt-% Al2O3 nanostructured composite powder was synthesized through Mechanical Alloying (MA). At first, the 7014 alloy matrix constituents were milled in a planetary ball mill for 20 hours. Then, 3 wt.% µ-Al2O3 particles were added to the pre-milled matrix and the nanostructured composite powder was produced at different MA times to investigate the effects of MA time on the characteristics of the produced composite powders such as morphology, crystallite size, lattice strain and microhardness. The characterization results proved that synthesizing nanostructured composite powder with a low amount of micrometric reinforcements in addition to pre-milled micrometric matrix is possible. Also, synthesis of the nanostructured composite powder with the minimum crystallite size of 24 nm and the minimum mean particle size of 5 µm was confirmed. Moreover, the steady state occurred after around 20 hours milling and further milling did not affect the powder characteristics excluding crystallite size, lattice strain and microhardness. In addition, sinterability of the composite powders increased with increasing the milling time due to decreased average particle size. However, after the steady state, the sinterability did not change.

Strain Induced Melt Activation (SIMA) process, is a semi-solid process to create globular grains in alloys. In this process, after applying a desired strain, the sample is heated up to semi-solid region and is hold for a desired time. In the present study, SIMA process was applied to form globular microstructure in 7075-Al alloy. The effects of strain value, strain temperature, semi-solid holding time and semi-solid holding temperature on the average grain size and shape factor were investigated. Optical and scanning electron microscopes were used to investigate the microstructure. The results revealed that, it is not possible to introduce a distinguished mechanism for generating the globular grains; while depending on the liquid fraction and strain value, there is a competition between recrystallization and internal melting of grains. Also, the results depicted that, in the SIMA process, the elongation would be increased with respect to T6 condition; while there is no considerable reducing in the strength.

Kidney patients in each dialysis cycle are exposed to extremely large volume of water, which is in direct contact with the patient’s blood . Therefore, water used for this purpose should be treated with advanced methods before use for dialysis. The objective of this study was to assess the efficiency of reverse osmosis systems to improve water quality used for dialysis fluid.
Material & This is a descriptive-analytic study to Evaluation of Reverse Osmosis System of water treatment system for dialysis centers in Imam Ali Bojnurd ciry during 2015on 36 samples of water from the municipal water was reverse osmosis. Post-harvest and transport of samples to the laboratory using the latest according to the standard methods for water and wastewater examination.
The results of this study showed that the reverse osmosis systems significantly reduce the amount of sulfate, nitrate, fluoride, hardness, sodium, potassium. These amounts were lower than AAMI and EPH standards.
Reverse osmosis systems could improve the quality of water used for hemodialysis. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that ahh the measured parameters in the hospitals werw below the standard levels. , indicating that removal efficiency reverse osmosis system parameters is desirable.

Religious and spiritual components play an important role in well-being and health of people, and their evaluation seems to be necessary. The present study was carried out to determine the correlation between different domains of religious-spiritual well-being and mental health in the students of Qom University of Medical Sciences as well as the predictive power of different domains of religion and spirituality for students’ health level.
The present study was carried out as a descriptive-correlational study on 158 students of Qom University of Medical Sciences in 2014. Samples were selected using random sampling method. The research data were collected by Multidimensional Inventory for religious-spiritual well-being and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, and regression analysis.
The means of religious-spiritual well-being and mental health variables in the students were 24.63±2.07 and 12.62±6.39. There was a significant correlation between religious-spiritual well-being and mental health (p The findings indicated that hope for the future and religiosity were, respectively, the most important religious-spiritual components, helping to improve mental health in students.

With increasing the dairy products, particularly cheese, the problem of pollution arisen from the corresponding wastewaters and their treatment is being more serious than before. One of the used treatment methods for such wastewaters is coagulation process. This study was done with the aim of determining optimal condition of coagulation process for dairy wastewater treatment using poly Aluminium chloride (PAC).
At first, the coagulation process with PAC coagulant was used under laboratory conditions. By changing important parameters affecting the system pH (2-12) and coagulant dosage (5-100 mg/L), the decreasing of quality parameters of effluent such as Chemical Oxygen Demand(COD), Biological Oxygen Demand(BOD), Total Kjehldahl nitrogen (TKN), Total Phosphorous(TP) and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) were obtained.
Experiments showed the removal efficiency ofCOD, BOD, TKN, TP, and TDS in pH 8 and coagulant dosage of 50 mg/L at 22±2 °C can be reached to 74.51, 84.81, 68.24, 65.46 and 85.69, respectively, which were the highest amounts among the pHs and coagulant dosages studied.
The results showed that PAC coagulant is able to improve quality parameters of dairy wastewaters to standard levels. Because of availability, easy operation and acceptable removal efficiency for this wastewater type, PAC coagulant can be used for treatment of dairy industries wastewater.

Sodium molybdate (Na2MoO4) as a grain refiner was used to refine the microstructure of Al-0.7Fe alloy. Al-Fe samples with the addition of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 wt.% sodium molybdate were fabricated by casting in sand molds at 750 ͦC. The microstructures of the as-cast samples were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the present phases were revealed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The effect of sodium molybdate on the microstructure was examined by measuring the average grain sizes of the alloys, determining the widths of intermetallic compounds and carrying out hardness and tensile tests. The results showed that the addition of sodium molybdate modified the microstructure of Al-Fe alloy by reducing the average grain sizes. Also, it was found that the optimum amount of sodium molybdate to add to Al-0.7Fe alloy melt was 0.3 wt.% in this study.

Phenol and phenol derivatives in industrial wastewater are among the pollutants with priorities. The high cost and low efficiency of some routine treatment processes of industrial wastewater has limited their use. One of the new methods under consideration is، nowadays، adsorption using carbon nanotubes. This study was conducted in order to evaluate the application of alumina-coated multiwall carbon nanotubes in eliminating phenol from synthetic wastewater. This study was performed in laboratory at batch scale. Multi-wall carbon nanotubes were coated with Alumina. The concentration of phenol was determined by spectrophotometer through photometry. The effect of pH changes، dosage of adsorbent، contact time، the initial concentration of phenol، temperature، and the concentrations of different salts on the efficiency of absorption was evaluated. Then، the absorption results were described using the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms and the synthetics of absorption. It was found that absorption efficiency increased significantly by decreasing the initial concentration of phenol and pH and by increasing the carbon nanotube dosage، temperature، and contact time. On the other hand، the maximum elimination of phenol from the solution (98. 86%) occurred at 4 mg/l phenol concentration، under acidic conditions (pH=3)، at adsorbent dosage of 0. 05 g/l، at temperature of 45°C، and contact time of 10 min. Evaluation of the regressions isotherms showed that the process follows the Langmuir model and second-degree synthetic absorption. The high efficacy (98%) of the adsorption process in this study showed that alumina-coated multiwall carbon nanotubes have a good capability in eliminating phenol and can be used as an appropriate and new method for eliminating phenol and its derivatives from wastewater.

In this study, at first Al-Al2O3 composite powders having different volume fractions of Al2O3 (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 vol.%) were produced by low energy mechanical alloying, which were used as foam materials. Then, composite foams with 50, 60, and 70 percent of porosity were produced by space-holder technique. Spherical carbamide particles (1-1.4 mm) were used to achieve spherical porosities. In order to investigate the compressive behavior of foams, the compression test with strain rate of 10-3 S-1 was performed on the foam samples. The results showed that the compressive properties depended on the volume fraction of Al2O3 and porosity fraction. Generally, by decreasing the porosity fraction, the compressive properties were improved. The composite foams containing 10 vol.% Al2O3 showed superior compressive properties in comparison to other foams studied in this work.

Society health without access to safe drinking water and food will not be possible. Given to the variety of diseases that can be transmitted by contaminated water or food or even can pollute the waters, there for it is essential to prevention of diseases transmission that should be consider at during the foods production process until their consumption or during the water treatment and disinfection. Thus the aim of this research was to determination of prevalence and mortality due to water-borne and food stuffs diseases in Iranshahr city from 1388 to 1391 years. This was a cross-sectional study. Required dates were obtained in a 4-year period based on five factors, including microbial malaria, acute watery diarrhea, dysentery, typhoid and brucellosis and also the amount of chlorine in piped water and non-piped water was studied according to WHO [World HealthOrganization] standards for sampling from water distribution network and foodstuffs, then were collected from Iranshahr’s health center, after that were analyzed by scientific and valid methods. Results indicated that by passing the time all of the microbial parameters had increased that this shows lack of suitable quality monitoring for these supplies. Death was not observed in any of the common diseases. According to the result, the microbial quality of drinking water and foodstuffs supplies was unsafe in Iranshahr city, it is require to notice more controlling in water and foodstuffs distribution, hygienic treatment and periodic monitoring.