eisa ebrahimzadeh

The theories of urban planning in the 20th century were mainly physical-oriented and failed due to the lack of public participation. In response to this issue, the concept of citizen participation in public decision-making was introduced by planners. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the role of communication planning in realizing the participation of local communities in Moradabad neighborhood of Chabahar. The data of this descriptive-analytical research were collected using library-documentary methods and field studies (questionnaire and interview). The statistical population of this research consists of the residents of Moradabad neighborhood. The participants were selected using Cochran's formula to complete the 5-point Likert scale questionnaire. In order to analyze the data, one-sample t-test and Pearson's correlation coefficient were used (applying SPSS and ArcGIS software to generate the map). The results of the social participation indicators for the social trust indicator recorded an average of 3.15 (higher than the mean), and the average of effort participation indicator was 3.35, the average of social connection was 3.2, the average of social belonging was 4.1 for the significance level of less than 0.05. The results show that the participation of people and residents in transforming the neighborhood into more livable conditions has had a significant impact. Therefore, since the total of the scales was at a significance level of less than 0.05 and the total average value was 3.43, the final result of this research show a significant relationship between communication planning and social participation in Moradabad neighborhood of Chabahar.

Councils, as one of the examples of people's participation in the administration and management of cities and the link between neighborhoods and urban management, if used properly, can direct decisions and urban planning while reducing the wastage of resources and provide the means for the development of urban functions. For this purpose, the aim of this research is to identify the role of local councils and communities in the development of urban functions. The present research is practical in terms of purpose and descriptive survey in terms of implementation method. The statistical population of this research consisted of 25 academic experts and executive trustees in the field of management and urban planning. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire, the validity of which was confirmed by the content method and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient method with a value of 0.93. According to the nature of this research, in order to analyze the collected data with the help of the fuzzy Delphi method, Excel and Spss were used and the most important and key effective factors were identified. The findings of this research show that city officials’ and managers’ lack of attention to the important role of councilors and local communities, with a score of 8.3, is considered to have the highest priority among the set of factors for the non-establishment of this institution. Moreover, based on the calculation of the consensus, importance, and priority indicators in the Delphi technique process, the social satisfaction of the neighborhood residents with urban management and creating motivation among local people to participate in neighborhood development projects, with a score of 8.1, is considered the most important effects of councils on the development of urban functions. Therefore, in order to strengthen public participation and develop urban functions, city managers should pay serious attention to providing the grounds for people's participation in decision-making.

In the last two decades, the competitive education system has been an integral part of the concern of all educational administrators, and it is necessary to measure it. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to development and psychometrics "Competitiveness Scale of open and Distance Education System in Iran".
The method of the present study is mixed. In the qualitative section, the Delphi method was used to develop the "Competitiveness Education Scale of Open and Distance Education System in Iran". Qualitative sampling was performed purposefully by snowball method (until saturation) with 10 faculty members of Payame Noor University of Tehran Province were evaluated. In the quantitative part, content and face validity were measured qualitatively with the opinion of 10 people (both methods with 10 people separately, but with the same samples) from the faculty members of Payame Noor University of Tehran Province. The construct validity was measured by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis (both) with a sample of 230 (randomly stratified sampling) faculty members and PhD students of Payame Noor University of Tehran Province. Reliability was measured by internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient with the above sample. Data analysis was performed in the qualitative part by coding method and the quantitative part was performed using SPSS. 19 and LISREL. 8.5.
From the qualitative section, the terms "Competitiveness Scale of Open and Distance Education System in Iran" were obtained. The results showed that the content and face validity of the scale were confirmed. The validity of the results of factor analysis showed that the instrument has 100 items with 14 subscales including: macro-international level, national level, educational system level, educational system goals, university teachers, staff and support agents, resource management, student recruitment and retention, content the teaching-learning process, competitive advantage, value creation in society, value creation for stakeholders, value creation at the level of the educational system. Reliability was obtained by internal correlation method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient between 0.67 to 0.94.
"Competitiveness Scale of Open and Distance Education System in Iran" with 100 terms and 14 subscales has appropriate validity and reliability. It is suggested that this scale be used to measure the level of competitiveness in the open and distance education system.

In creating border security, the role of geopolitical factors and social groups and ethnic groups living in border areas is very important, and by adopting strategic policies, these factors and functions can be further directed towards cohesion and cooperation. pushed national and used it in the security and development of such areas. The results of this research show that by moving away from the center towards the border areas, the lack of development has clearly increased, which can strengthen the element of divergence in the border areas, and considering the increasing population growth of these areas, on the intensity Add crisis. Therefore, in the southeast of Iran, in addition to the special geopolitical conditions and the presence of ethnic and religious groups in the region, the presence of NATO and the United States on the edge of the eastern borders, the lack of complete control of Pakistan and Afghanistan over their western borders, the activities of the security services of Pakistan and Afghanistan. And their desire for the insecurity of the region, the expansion of the Taliban's presence and dominance in promoting Salafist thinking and training agents of other countries to carry out suicide operations are among the most important factors affecting security. Now, the most effective strategy in the national security and cohesion of the southeast of the country is to adopt security and development policy at the same time and consider the two as complementary. In order to realize this important border cooperation with neighboring countries, carrying out construction activities and infrastructure investments on the one hand and eliminating insecurity and fighting smuggling on the other hand will have a profound effect on regional development and national solidarity. Otherwise, unequal development in the political spaces of a land can provide a suitable platform for creating variables that affect the components of national security and the development of critical areas.

At present, Sistan and Baluchestan rural development and rural development programs are being prepared for the operation of the sixth development plan of the country. In this regard, the purpose of the present study is to formulate a program for economic development and employment creation of the mosque of Abolfazl from the functions of the Bazman district of Iranshahr in Sistan and Baluchestan province. The research method is descriptive-analytical and collecting data using collaborative assessment models (PRA). The participants of this study were 27 male and female trustworthy in the municipality of Abolfazl who were selected purposefully. The current situation of the seven capital, the mosque's Abolfazl village, which can help the rural economy and employment creation, and the proponents and responsibilities of each of the governmental organizations responsible for employment, or global organizations and charities And nongovernmental organizations in order to succeed in the development of economic development and occupational fields. Finally, job creation projects, existing barriers to each project, success stories and job creation capacity of each of them in the framework of the proposed rural employment program Became. If these programs are implemented, Masjed-e-Abol-Fazl village will be on the horizon of the rural program. It will be based on relative welfare, sustainable employment and export-oriented economy, relied on production and revenue in the tripartite economic sectors with a central focus on services (Emphasis On tourism and welfare services) and agriculture (emphasis on modern agriculture and targeted livestock) with the support of the industry sector, especially handicrafts.

In response to these problems Several initiatives were implemented that maybe most important of them were Conductor and comprehensive plans, But for various reasons the project failed and Today in developed countries are completely obsolete. Comprehensive and detailed plan was causing inefficiency in the world until urban planning moved toward the other approaches like systematic planning will show the feature highly in response to the problems of urban planning to enter the field of urban development and urbanism. In a world that is rapidly increasing urbanization The role of cities as drivers of economic growth is more important. This matter in less-developed countries that are facing an unprecedented increase in the rate of urbanization, necessary to make informed decisions and implement new approaches to urban development planning is inevitable. City development strategy is a tool that can help cities to utilize urbanization opportunities and enable the city to create more opportunities by development of planning institutions. Thus, a strategic perspective on investment and growth in order to take advantage of opportunities for cities is crucial. In this paper the research method is descriptive- analytic and type of applied. In this study, we tried to evaluate city kazeroon in fars province by collecting information through questionnaires in indexes like that: Livability, Competitiveness, bankability and Urban governance and after Identify city existing conditions, Using SWOT analysis techniques viable solution strategies to achieve the vision of future urban development, and offered suggestions.

During recent decades, the urbanization and development of urban spacesis increasing quickly. So that a large part of the surrounding urban areas has been destroyed and following this lack-planning development, lots of land and urban areas have not been developed, and they left abandoned. Considering the importance and critical role of the land in urban development, the management of abandoned land is necessary. The land is one of the most sensitive urban e resources. The important role of land market and its ability to effect on other strategic axes has led to the land management be considered as the most effective tools for urban management. Improving the function of land market and increasing the access to this market, commensurate with the rate of urbanization, are the axes of leave policy in this field. The objective of this paper is to survey of effective strategies and policies on the management of abandoned lands (case study: Ilam city). The type of research is applied and the methodology is analytic-descriptive. To collect the data, the library and survey method have been used. Data analysis was performed by SPSS software, as well as testing methods such as Pearson correlation coefficient, T test, and simple and multiple regression. The obtained results show that there is a positive and significant relationship among of the studied indexes(direct government intervention, financial instruments and urban planning tools) and the control of urban abandoned lands amounts. However among these indexes, the direct government intervention plays the most important role in the control of abandoned lands amounts of Ilam city.

Fire stations are one of the important centers of relief. Obviously, timely service, required for their appropriate site selection. Piranshahr city with having one fire station is faced to problems such as lack of stations, the lack of proper distribution and lack of appropriate site selection. The aim of this research is consideration the how distribution of stations and their services and determination of proper site for building the new stations with regard to city need. In this research that done with descriptive – analytical method, the needs information are collected in the way of census of Population and Housing results in 1390, and comprehensive and detailed plans of Piranshahr city and also the magazines and books with regard to subject and for analysis of data is used by software such as AUTO CAD, ARC GIS, , Expert Choice, Super Decisions, and with used by the models of network analysis such as ANP, AHP, TOPSIS model, are offered six stations for areas that were out of the radius of action in the fire station. Because the whole of city, were covered these stations according to the timing standard of fire fighting vehicles at the scene and at the time of earthquake occurrence to reduce the losses were getting the appropriate operation

Monitoring how large-scale expansion of urban areas is very important for planning urban development and the prevention of catastrophic problems in metropolitan areas. However, in most cases, lack of basic information in this area, especially in developing countries is a major obstacle to achieve this. So in order to check the balance was used in the Iranian city of urban primacy index and Rank-Size cities from 1335 to 1390. Using data from urban population census was used in different periods. As well as for monitoring the dynamics of urbanization in contemporary Iran through the eyes of space-time benefit from multi-temporal images DMSP / OLS for the years 1371 to 1391. The results showed that there is a phenomenon of urban primacy with regard to all aspects of the urban system, in all these periods; And overall results of the logarithmic distribution Rank-size cities in the period 1335 to 1390 shows, That in 55 years time, the distribution of the cities to the imbalance in 1385 showed that desire and imbalanced distribution with an absolute slope of 1.142. Finally, in order to analyze images of DMSP in relation to urban areas and the GDP of the linear regression model was used, The results showed that there is a linear relationship between light at night and population, urban population and GDP. R2 is the urban population equal to 0.854. Which shows the images can be used as an agent to identify the dynamics of the urban system. Which shows the images can be used as an agent to identify the dynamics of the urban system.

The books are most important factors in the formation of revolutionary identity of students. Instruction administration has been responsible for the formation and fortification of the revolutionary identity after the victory of the Islamic revolution. From the view of the curriculum planners the history and religious books have the potential to transfer religious values and the formation of a religious and revolution aryidentity in students. The analysis of sueh books specially in high school can reveal the fact that how successful the authors of sach books has been to transfer the peculiarities, religious obligations.Islamic and revolutionary identity to students. The main concern of thish rescarch: is to clarify the fact that the history books basic sciences in high school have been successful in the formation of the revolutionary idenfity in students or not. The puropose of this research is the analysis of the contents of these the history books basic sciences in high school between 1357-1388. The results of the research are as follow:the history books in high school have a great role in the formation of religious and revolutionary identity in students.

Fast and sudden changes in the societies in the third millennium which is along with rise new technologies based on information as well as the key role of educational organization in conveyance of knowledge so that meeting development and scientific achievement are required rethinking the management system of the universities and higher education structures. so the comparative study over the management system of open university and diatance university on the one hand and common university on the other hand in 1380 has been carried out. The research society included all universitie's both kindsـ. The sample was selected from all universities located in Tehran, 5 zones, and 20 centers of distance universities in Iran and the same amount from the open universities were selected through randomly cluster sampling. the findings included as followed: the management system of distance university is affected by its educational structure and also the common universities benefit from mechanical structures than distance ones do the organic and finally the process of learningteaching in distance universities are designed by the structure while in the common universities the lecturers themselves do that.