hassanzadeh

The aim of this study is to examine the effectiveness of education of Imago therapy on reducing regret of choosing a spouse among married students in Gonbad Kavous schools. The current research is a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest and follow-up with the control group. The statistical population of this study was all married students in Gonbad Kavous schools. 30 students were selected based on a standard score of higher than the mean in the regret of choosing a spouse scale and were assigned randomly to an experiment and control groups. The participants completed the regret of choosing a spouse scale in three stages pre-test, post-test, and follow-up. The experimental group participated in 10 sessions of imago therapy program for 90 minutes twice a week. Analysis of covariance showed that education of Imago therapy has led to a reduction in regret of choosing a spouse in the experimental group than the control group at posttest and follow-up stages. The findings of research indicate that Imago therapy is a suitable method for reducing the regret of choosing a spouse among the married students.

Herbicides that persist in soil are of benefit to farmers seeking to control late emerging weeds in cultivated crops, and to managers looking for long-term vegetation control on rights-of-ways and industrial sites. Herbicides that persist in soil can also create problems for farmers who want to diversify their rotation into subsequent crops which may be sensitive to certain herbicide residues. Several factors mainly soil factors, climatic conditions, and herbicide properties determine the herbicides persistence in soil. Trifluralin is one of the important soil applied selective, pre-sowing or pre-emergence herbicide used to control many annual grasses and broadleaf weeds in a large variety of crops. It is a generally regarded as a moderately persistence herbicide with a half-life time of 1.5 to 6.5 months. Some studies, however, have reported higher half-life times varying from 7.5 to longer than 12 months. These results have been generally obtained at sites with very dry or very cold climates in which soil is frozen over winter. Normally Residual herbicides extend the period of weed control, increasing the efficiency of weed management practices. However, they may persist longer than desired and injure or kill subsequent rotational crops. Thus, most herbicide labels include crop rotation guidelines, but rotational restrictions are often not listed for many crops. This experiment was carried out to determine trifluralin soil persistence affected by its dose and application some organic and biofertilizers.

In order to study the effect of some organic and biofertilizers on trifluralin herbicide persistence in soil, an experiment was conducted as a factorial arrangement in completely randomized block design with three replications in a cotton field at Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. Experimental factors included trifluralin (EC 48 %) dose at two levels (480 and 960 g a.i. ha-1), application of organic fertilizers at two levels (Humic acid (85 %) and folic acid (12 %) and biofertilizers application at two levels (Nitroxin and fertile phosphate2). To determine the trifluralin soil residue, soil samples were taken from 0 to 10 cm soil depth during 3, 7, 15, 30, 60, 90 and 120 days after herbicide application and were kept in a freezer (-18 oC). For trifluralin soil residue, gas chromatography technique was used. The trifluralin value recovered from soil at different time intervals for each treatment was fitted in the first order kinetic equation according to:C = C0e–kt                                                                                                                                                     (1)
Where C denotes the amount of trifluralin recovered from soil at time t, C0 is the amount of trifluralin recovered at t = 0 interval; λ represents the degradation constant, and t is time in days. The DT50 (half-life) and DT90 (the time required to disappear 90 % of herbicide) were calculated as follows:                                                                                                                      (2)
                                                                                                                    (3)

Results showed that application of organic and biofertilizers significantly reduced trifluraline persistence in soil. The lowest trifluralin half-life time was observed for organic and bio-fertilizer application equal to 55.26 and 41.26 days, respectively, at the dose of 480 g a.i ha-1 of trifluralin. The highest half-life times equal to 106.64 and 78.77 days were observed in control treatment without application of fertilizers for the trifluralin dose of 960 and 480 g. a.i ha-1, respectively. Application of organic and biofertilizers plays important role in reducing of trifluralin soil residue and persistence. Therefore, the mentioned fertilizers have positive effects in fields where there is a risk of damage of trifluralin residue for rotational crops.

Among the birds, chicken was the model used in the majority of studies on germ cells and other birds like quail, turkey and pheasant had some interest but ostrich has been lacking from these researches.

The present study was conducted to confirm the presence of ostrich primordial germ cells (PGCs) in the embryonic blood and to determine the appropriate time for having them in the blood.

Embryos were extracted in embryonic day (E) 6-12, their blood was obtained and the rest of the embryos were processed for histological examinations. Staining by periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) method and immunohistochemistry (IHC) using stage-specific embryonic antigen 1 (SSEA1) and stage-specific embryonic antigen 4 (SSEA4) antibodies (Abs) were used for identification of the PGCs.

While the blood circulating ostrich PGCs were SSEA1-negative and SSEA4-positive, in the presumptive gonads PGCs showed negative immunoreactivity for both Abs. Although the ostrich PGCs were PAS-positive in both blood and presumptive gonad, their PAS-positive contents reduced during development from E 10 to E 12.

E 9, when the hind limb buds appear, is the best time for detecting PGCs in the ostrich embryonic blood.

In this paper, a low voltage boost DC-DC converter has been presented. The circuit can be used for increasing the output voltage of miniature low voltage generators such as TEG, solar and piezoelectric. The converter is fully integrated and works with low voltages as low as 200 mV, and the output voltage can reach 1 V. Body biasing has been used to handle low input voltages. The output power density is 50 µW/mm2, and the converter uses 5 cross coupled stages with 76% efficiency. The maximum total efficiency of the converter for 6 µA load is 52%. The converter uses 0.2 mm2 of chip area using 90 nm technology.

In this study, a hybrid system of fuel cell/gas turbine was designed and simulated with the aim of coupling with desalination systems. This system was analyzed from the viewpoints of the first and second law of thermodynamics. A parametric analysis was also performed to the determination of the system optimal performance. The studied parameters are fuel utilization factor, compressor pressure ratio, pre-reforming percentage, and the steam to carbon ratio. The results show that for the design parameters, the net power is 1215kW, the overall efficiency is 81.65% and the exergy efficiency is 60.7%. Also, by analyzing the rate of exergy destruction, it has been determined that the stack of fuel cells, combustion chamber, and pre-reforming have the most part in the destruction of exergy. Parametric analysis results show that increases in pressure, pre-reforming percentage, and fuel utilization factor have a positive effect on the system performance to a certain extent and the suitable ranges of the fuel utilization factor are from 0.8 to 0.85. On the other hand, by analyzing the effect of pressure and temperature on the system, it is determined that the temperature of the fuel cell cannot be constant. It was also shown that the efficiency of the system decreases with increasing steam to carbon ratio.

Oleaster (Elaeagnus angustifolia L.), belonging to the Elaeagnaceae family, is usually a shrub or small spiny tree with a height of 2– 5 m. Branches of oleaster are silvery green and the leaves are egg-shaped or bayonet and the flowers are bell -shaped, very fragrant, cream color, and single or clustered. The fruits are oval-shaped with a length of 1.5 –2 cm and their colors are reddish-brown. Oleaster (Elaeagnus angustifolia L.) is one of the most valuable fruit tree is grown wildly in northwestern of Iran. The oleaster was distributed in East Asia, Southeast Asia, and Queensland in northeastern Australia. This tree was extended along the rivers in many arid and semi-arid regions. It also plays a very important role in maintaining the ecosystem of dry areas, due to high drought tolerance and high salinity and alkalinity tolerance in soil. The evaluation of fruit and seed properties can be useful in selection of superior genotypes for commercially culture. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the physical properties of seed and fruit of some Elaeagnus angustifolia genotypes in east and west Azerbaijan provinces.

In this study, thirty-eight genotypes of Elaeagnus angustifolia L., according to free of pest and disease characteristics were selected and labeled from east and west Azerbaijan provinces, Iran. The fully matured fruits were collected from studied genotypes and then transferred to the lab and different parameters such as physicochemical characterizations of fruit and seed such as weight, length and width of fruit and seed and fruit color parameter were measured. Fruit color was determined by Chroma meter CR-400 (Konica Minolta, Japan). After collected data, to calculate descriptive statistics, correlation and cluster analysis based on Ward’s method was used SPSS Software (Version 22). The factor analysis was also performed using varimax rotation method.

The results showed that there was high diversity in some of the attributes such as leaf width, leaf length/leaf width ratio and flesh weight. The highest diversity was observed in leaf width (37.56 %) and the fruit surface area had lowest diversity (2.09 %). The mean of fruit length, fruit width and fruit width, fruit geometric mean diameter and sphericity were 22.99, 16.09 cm, 1.69 g, 18.09 mm and 79.22 %, respectively. Ersoy et al. (2013) revealed that length, width, thickness and weight of fruit were 2.86 cm, 1.88 cm, 1.87 cm and 2.90 g respectively. The mean of seed length, width, thickness and weight were 2.42 cm, 0.508 cm, 0.503 cm and 0.38 g, respectively. Leaf length was positively correlated with leaf width, fruit length/fruit width ratio, and seed length and seed length/seed width ratio and negatively with fruit sphericity. In the present study, the mean of traits related to fruit color including L*, a*, b*, hue and chroma were 48.09, 13.99, 18.51, 52.18, and 28.23, respectively. In the study of Zare et al. (2012), the mean of L*, a*, b* were 12.42, 2.73 and 2.39, respectively. In the present study, the mean of traits related to fruit color was higher than the mean mentioned in Zare et al. (2012) study, and this discrepancy can be due to different environmental conditions and studied genotypes. In this study, based on factor analysis, the eight main factors were explained a total of 85.92 % of the variance, which 20.59% were related to the first factor and 18.69% to the second factor. The two-dimensional scatter plot was constructed for graphical overview of the relationships among genotypes. According to scatter plot created by two first factors, all studied genotypes were located in two groups. The scatter plot revealed geometrical distances among genotypes reflecting phenotypic and in this regard presumably genetic dissimilarity among them. According to the cluster analysis, genotypes were divided into two main groups. Genotypes in group first had the highest average fruit and seed length, width and weight. The traits related to color such as L* , a* , b* , hue, chroma had a significant role in separation of second group. Therefore, the presence of genotypes in different clusters represented high diversity in terms of evaluated traits among the all genotypes.

This research is a preliminary study that can be based to select the desired genotypes. The study also provides important information on the physical characteristics and fruit color of some Elaeagnus angustifolia genotypes in the east and west Azerbaijan provinces. In general, the results of this study showed that there is high diversity among the studied genotypes.The results obtained might be helpful for breeding programs and introducing of cultivar in Elaeagnus angustifolia.

Anthropometry is known as the science of measuring various parts of the human, and its application is to identify individual differences including race, age, and gender. The use of anthropometry is instrumental in medical science and clarifies the relationship between different parts of the body with identifying an individual, as well as identifying congenital disorders. For this purpose, this article aimed to explain the importance and application of anthropometry in medical science and related industries.
Previous studies showed the application of anthropometry in various fields, including forensic medicine, identification, cosmetic surgery, industrial design, clothing design, ergonomics and architecture. In the case of having an adequate database of anthropometric measurements, the standard dimensions for each population can be defined, so that dead bodies can easily be identified. Proper ergonomic design of the workplace increases the employee's job satisfaction, and significantly reduces musculoskeletal discomfort and work-related injuries.
Paying attention to body dimensions in the form of anthropometry will make better design of office supplies and clothing for individuals that will ensure the performance and health of the individual. Also, anthropometry can be used in various fields of medicine, including forensic medicine and the diagnosis of congenital anomalies and acquired problems.

Clovers (Trifolium spp.) are one of the main forage crops in temperate regions. This research was conducted to identify water-stressed tolerance among Iranian wild annual clovers under different climatic regions. Seventeen accessions, belonging to seven species, were planted in a field in two consecutive years, at two locations (Mashhad and Urmia) in Iran, under normal and water-stressed conditions. Combined analysis of variance, Scheffe analysis, and Duncan’s new multiple range test showed significant differences in forage production among clover accessions as well as species. In addition, drought-tolerance/susceptibility indices were calculated for each accession and species. Then, these indices were applied in factor analysis. Extracted Bi-plot based on factor analysis confirmed the results of Duncan and Scheffe analyses. In water-stressed conditions, T. resupinatum (cultivated accession) produced the highest forage in Urmia with 349 mm annual rainfall, whereas in Mashhad, with 149.8 mm annual precipitation, T. purpureum and T. echinatum (both, wild species) had the highest production. The accessions as well as species were ranked based on their forage production for each location and experiment. Ultimately, this work proposed some new Trifolium species, such as T. echinatum, T. diffusum, and T. purpureum, for forage production in agronomic systems.

Shallow bark canker caused by Brenneria nigrifluens is an important walnut disease which causes reduction in yelid and wood quality, tree decline and death. In this research, relative resistance of four local walnut genotypes KZ3, 88-1, H2-12, H2-1, one improved cv. Jamal, and eight commercial introduced cultivars; Lara, Serr, Pedro, Vina, Shinova, Chandler, RDM and Hartley (susceptible control) to brack canker and its relationship with the inoculated organs were evaluated. Disease samples were collected from Kohgiloyeh and Boyrahmad province and causal bacterial strains isolated and identified using common phenotypic tests. A mixed suspension from four selected strains was used as inoculum. Plant materials were grafted in winter 2012 and inoculated in spring 2015 in orchard conditions and canker length was measured 18 months later in winter 2016. The canker causal agent was identified as Brenneria nigrifluens. Canker severity was different among walnut genotypes and cultivars, Hartley and Shinova with average canker length at four centimeters and 1.75 cm were rated as the most susceptible and resistant, respectively. No cultivar or genotype was completely resistant. Both shoot and trunk were susceptible, but trunk with mean canker length of 2.91 cm was more susceptible than shoot with 1.90 cm mean canker length. A significant positive correlation was found between organ diameter and canker length (r = 0.56**). Walnut cultivars and genotypes demonstrated different levels of resistance to shallow bark canker. Considering adverse effects of drought on canker severity and prevailing drought conditions in Iran, identification and growing walnut cultivars with relative resistance to this disease can reduce economic losses.

In this paper, a new hybrid routing protocol is presented for low power Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). The new system uses an integrated piezoelectric energy harvester to increase the network lifetime. Power dissipation is one of the most important factors affecting lifetime of a WSN. An innovative cluster head selection technique using Cuckoo optimization algorithm has been used in the designed protocol. The residual energy of the nodes and the distances to the sink were used in the threshold calculations, besides to take advantage of the relay node for communication. A hybrid method using the optimized routing protocol and the integrated energy harvester results in 100% increase in the network lifetime compared to recent clustering-based protocols. The simulations results using MATLAB indicate that energy consumption was been decreased by more than 40%.

Chlorpyrifos is widely used to control various insect pests on greenhouse cucumbers in Iran. In this study, the effects of the household processing such as washing, peeling, and refrigeration storage on the reduction of residue levels in cucumbers were investigated in different groups. Samples were collected at 1 hour to 14 days after application of chlorpyrifos and analyzed to determine the content of chlorpyrifos. Analysis was carried out by the QuEChERS method using GC-NPD. Residue levels in samples throughout a period of 14 days showed a gradual and significant (P< 0.05) decrease in contents of chlorpyrifos. The half-life (t1/2) of chlorpyrifos applied to cucumbers was 1.9 days. Chlorpyrifos was detected in concentration ranges of 0.02-4.73 mg kg-1. Household processing, such as washing, peeling and refrigeration storage, was effective in reducing the residue levels. Peeling was the most effective way to reduce residues in the cucumbers. Obtained results showed that a waiting period after chlorpyrifos application and household processing are required for safe consumption of cucumber.

In this paper, the and fully developed flow with heat and mass transfer in a fuel cell channel with rectangular cross-section is investigated. The rectangular channel is straight and has a porous wall and three non-porous walls. The governing equations including the momentum and energy equations solved by a two-dimensional code (quasi-three-dimensional), and the velocity, pressure and temperature distribution curve along the channel, and non-dimensional flow parameters such as the friction coefficient and the Nusselt number in different aspect ratios are calculated and plotted. For the flow, the non-slip boundary condition is used and for the heat transfer, the usual boundary conditions in the fuel cell so that on the porous wall, the constant heat flux boundary condition is used and three other non-porous walls, constant temperature boundary condition The results show that for a given aspect ratio, the friction coefficient in the injection condition is greater than suction condition, and by increasing the amount of injection and suction, the difference between them increases. In addition, the value of friction coefficient unit aspect ratio 1 (square cross-section) is minimal for suction and ejection. The value of the Nusselt number is minimal at unit aspect ratio for both suction and injection. Also, the distribution of velocity and temperature along the channel as well as of parameters along with injection and suction and without it in different aspect ratios are plotted and discussed.

In this study, the inertial and non-isothermal flow of viscoelastic fluid has been simulated inside the symmetric planar channel with 1:3 sudden expansion. The non-linear form of Phan Thien-Tanner (PTT) has been used for modeling the rheological and complex behavior of the viscoelastic fluid. For creating the non-isothermal flow, temperature values are constant and different at the inlet and on the walls of the channel. To simulate the non-isothermal flow, the PISO algorithm is used and the governing equations are linearized by finite volume method (FVM). Also, fluid properties are a function of temperature and viscous dissipation term has been applied in the energy equation. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of elastic property, inertial force and viscous dissipation on the flow pattern, pressure changes, pressure drop coefficient and loss coefficient for inertial and nonisothermal flow in the expanded part of the planar channel. The results of this study show that increasing the Reynolds number in the range of laminar flow creates an asymmetric flow pattern in the expanded part of the planar channel (unlike the sudden expansion pipe) which plays a major role on the distribution and drop of pressure in this part.

Determining bioavailability fraction of the elements in sediments is an important topic in toxicology. Considering the specific conditions of the Persian Gulf and the impact of pollutants, the aim of the present study was to evaluation of toxic elements bioavailability from the total amount of surface sediments in the Persian Gulf.

In the present study, the total concentration and bioavailability fraction of copper, lead, zinc, cadmium, nickel, and chromium were measured at 14 coastal stations of Hormozgan province and Qeshm island. Nitric acid and perchloric acid were used to measuring the total concentration and K protease enzyme solution was used to measuring the bioavailable fraction.

Zinc and chromium have the highest mean of total concentration, respectively. Qeshm island has more pollution than Hormozgan. The higher bioavailability and higher percentage of components were observed in lead and chromium than the other elements. With increasing concentrations of lead, chromium, and copper, the bioavailability of these elements also increased. As well as, zinc and nickel showed the lowest bioavailability. The concentration of copper, lead, and nickel was also higher than the sediments world average and the WHO / US EPA maximum, and the nickel concentration was above the ERM, PEL, and SEL.

Due to the low accuracy of determining the total concentration of metals in sediment toxicity for aquatics and the need to pay attention to bioavailability fraction, the probability of ecological risk of lead and chromium elements is higher than the other elements for aquatics of Persian Gulf. Zinc and nickel, have the lowest risk to the environment despite the high total concentration

The traditional models of data envelopment analysis (DEA) have used only nal inputs and outputs for ef- ciency measuring of decision making units (DMUs) in network structures, and they have considered its all operations as a black box. Hence, they are not able to determine accurately the ineciency source within structure. The dierent network models in two separate spectrum, multiplier and envelopment are presented to solve this problem. Multiplier models, also known as relational models, study network eciency and its parts and as well as relationship between the amounts of their ef- ciency in a model, while envelopment models, verify the points projected of non ecient units in addition to study of network eciency and its parts. Having envelopment approach, this article develops some production possibility sets (PPS) due to the concept of the link value determination controlling (intermediate variable) by network parts. Some Scenarios presented in each production possibility set with the aspect of kind and control power which determining link value that shown as 1.link control by previous part, 2.Link control by next part, 3.Link control by previous and next part as the same (non-cooperative approach- type 1), 4.Link control by previous and next part as the same (non- cooperative approach- type 2), 5.Link control by none of previous and next part (advanced approach). The results show when parts related to link have no control over its value (scenario 5) or all of them have the same control over the link (scenario 3and 4), the parts eciency and consequently the whole network eciency will be more than parts have one-way or unequal control. Furthermore, it can be inferred from the article that there is more eciency in network structure when a part of network has more control over the link value determination to related part. Therefore, it can be used to design network structure in order to increasing parts and consequently the whole network eciency.

The Raziabad porphyry copper deposit is located 30 km north of the city of Jiroft, in southeastern part of the Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic arc, southeastern Iran. Several intrusive bodies including diorite, gabbro, granodiorite and quartz-diorite associated with groups of dikes with similar composition as well as dissimilar composition with the intrusions, intruded into the Raziabad porphyry system. The porphyry copper mineralization is associated with the granodiorite which intruded into dioritic, gabbroic and volcano-pyroclastic rocks. The magmatic activities continued after mineralization and lead to the emplacement of the quartz-diorite as well as intrusion of two groups of micro-granitic and andesi-basaltic dikes cutting the ore body, causing geometric complexity of the ore body. The alteration zones include potassic and magnetite-rich silicification zones, relatively restricted calcic zone, and propylitic zone. Phyllic alteration with restricted expansion and weak intensity overprinted on potassic alteration. The hypogene mineralization has occurred as disseminated, stockwork and veinlet styles closely associated with the potassic alteration zone. The main ore minerals are chalcopyrite+ magnetite+ pyrite with minor molybdenite, pyrrhotite, galena and sphalerite. The oxidation and enriched supergene zones are variable and restricted to the shallow levels. Hydrothermal activity in Raziabad deposit is classified into four stages on the basis of hydrothermal mineral assemblage and veinlet relation. The stages include: 1) calcium silicate-magnetite-quartz stage; 2) potassium silicate-sulfide-quartz-magnetite; 3) sericite-quartz-pyrite stage; 4) chlorite-epidote-calcite-pyrite±actinolite.

In this paper, extended complex variables method (ECVM) is presented in fluid flow problems for the first and second-order sensitivity analysis. The finite element method is used to solve the Navier-Stokes equations, and the complex variables method is implemented to it. In the complex variables method, a complex step that only includes the imaginary part is used, but in its development, it uses a complex step that includes both the imaginary part and the real part to achieve higher performance. In the first-order sensitivity calculation, the results are not dependent on the step size, but in the second-order sensitivity, the results of the sensitivity depending on the step size and inevitably the developed formulas should be used to obtain higher accuracy. The proposed method is first validated for a problem with a closed-form solution, and the convergence rate is investigated and, then, applied to a uniform flow past a cylindrical cylinder and, finally, the results are compared by finite difference method. The results show that the range of accuracy for second-order sensitivity in the extended complex variable method is doubled compared to the complex variable method and it can be reduced to 10-12. It means that the effectiveness of the proposed method has increased. The introduced method is applicable to a wide range of problems with simple and complex parameters.

The aim of the present paper is sensitivity of shape design analysis on thermo-elastic problems using a modified semi-analytical method. The semi-analytical method is one of the efficient methods for sensitivity analysis with respect to the design variables which combines the analytical method and finite difference method. Although this method is a powerful method, however, it is sensitive to perturbation size. Complex variables method is a new novel approach which is not sensitive to disturbance and has some potential advantages over other methods. The implementation of this method in a finite element code for sensitivities calculation is straightforward, only requiring a perturbation of the finite element mesh along the imaginary axis. This study uses the combination of analytical method and complex variables method to calculate the sensitivity of thermo-elastic problems. The proposed method has both advantages of the analytical method and the complex variables method. The advantages of this method are that it is quick, accurate and simple to implement. The obtained results are compared to other methods and it is shown that the proposed method is effective and can predict the stable and accurate sensitivity results.

Today, a production enterprise cannot survive without using computer-based machines. Nevertheless, not all enterprises have enough money to invest in such manufacturing resources. On the other hand, handling the resource or providing appropriate platform is not easy at all. For companies, Cloud-based strategies give them a chance to bring their inherent knowledge and intelligence to every business case and cause a quick response by reducing the cost of investment. Manufacturers know that providing capacity, according to demand will increase the profit and help them to get new work contracts. In the recent century, intelligent manufacturing would be the one in which all information is available in the most useful way, right where and when that it is needed to hold an optimum operation or response such as cloud manufacturing. This paper aims to provide a framework for how using cloud services emerge at obtaining lean concepts in the manufacturing companies. The research has conducted through semi-structured interviews among professionals in Cloud-based environments and production systems. Key managers or employees from different levels have selected. Analyzing interview transcripts using a constructivist approach to grounded theory is supposed to result in a model for how to develop cloud service models according to the lean concepts, especially in manufacturing frameworks.

the purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of ABA and PRT on life orientation, unconditional acceptance and social anxiety in mothers of autistic children.
This research applied a quasi-experimental designs with pretest-posttest frame. By a convenience sampling method among a statistical population including all mothers with a autistic child who attended to the exceptional children education centers in Sari town a sample consisted of 24 subjects were selected and divided into three groups (1 control and 2 experimental). The first group were treated with ABA and the second group received PRT while no intervention made on control group. Unconditional acceptance questionnaire (USAQ), life orientation test (LOT) and social phobia inventory (SPI) were used in pre and post test occations.
the results of a GLM: MANOVA showed that there was no difference between experimental groups and control by controlling the effect of pre-test in study variables (Orientation of Life, Unconditional Acceptance, Social Anxiety). However, a clincaly positive trend was evident relative to the control group for social anxiety score.
ABA and PRT could not affect considerably the orientation of life, unconditional acceptance and social anxiety of mothers with autistic children. However a significant clinical trend was evident rather than the control group in the social anxiety of mothers after ABA intervention. Further research in this field is recommended to future researchers for likelihood of more effective administration of these interventions.

Improving thermal comfort in vehicles, especially in public transport due to design constraints in locating inlet diffusers, overpopulation and difference condition for passengers, is always faced with many challenges. In this paper, the effect of thermal asymmetry on the sensation of passenger inside a bus with overhead mixing ventilation system in three different air distribution patterns is studied by using the 65-nodes thermal comfort model. Moreover, the inlet air temperature has been set at the value which can maintain the passengers’ predicted mean votes within the allowable range. Also, the Airpak solver has been utilized for solving the flow and energy equations; and a numerical code has been developed for solving the local thermal comfort equations. The results show that under thermal asymmetry conditions, it is necessary to use an asymmetric air distribution in order to provide more uniform thermal sensation for the passengers. In this case, air temperature of the head segment is about 22℃ which is less about 2℃ in symmetric flow pattern. The results of 65-nodes model show that using an asymmetrical distribution pattern in the mixing ventilation system improving its performance and under the mentioned conditions, the skin temperature is closer to neutral skin temperature.

In this paper two models have been written and solved by two approaches: non-linear programming (GAMS/MINOS solver) and simulated annealing methods in order to optimize operational rules in Mahabad reservoir. Because of missing the required eco-system data, these required data were calculated using Tennant method. The objective function was defined to minimize the deference between the amounts of agriculture water demand and the released water from the reservoir during 23 years of flow data (1370-1393) and their performance were evaluated using the operational indexes. Obtained results of both optimization models showed that, the simulated annealing algorithm with objective function value of 22.01, reliability value of 25%, resiliency velocity value of 22.22%, vulnerability value of 41.04% and sustainability value of 0.032, gave relatively better results compared to the non-linear programming method with the objective function value of 88.92, reliability value of 48.18%, resiliency velocity value of 32.86%, vulnerability value of 84.27% and sustainability value of 0.024. Also, it was found that, simulated annealing algorithm took longer running time to achieve the global optimal point in comparison to non-linear programming. However, using simulated annealing algorithm estimated a lower water shortage of 1632.24 MCM compared to the non-linear programming which estimated water shortage of 3351.4 MCM. Simulated annealing algorithm decreased the shortage by distributing shortages in different months and estimated a better performance.

This study examined the efficacy of motivation management training on students’ academic buoyancy and self-concept. The pretest–posttest quasi-experimental. The population in this study included all high school students in Sari city study used a cluster random sampling method to select subjects for the experimental (20 subjects) and control (20 subjects) groups. First, a pretest was conducted with both groups. Then, only the experimental group received the motivation management training. Finally, a posttest was conducted with both groups to determine the effect of the training. For the purpose of data collection, the researchers administered two questionnaires An academic achievement and academic self-concept questionnaire (grade point average requirement) was used for the pretest and posttest. The results showed that the motivation management training increased academic buoyancy. Also the results showed that the motivation management training increased self-concept.Motivation management training can improve academic buoyancy. Also motivation management training can improve self-concept.

Psychological capital is one of the positive psychological indices that is defined by the characteristics of optimism, perseverance, positive self-efficacy, and tolerance. This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment group therapy on psychological capital in cardiovascular patients in Babol.
This cross-sectional study was performed among 24 cardiovascular patients who referred to governmental and non-governmental medical centers of Babol in two groups of 12 based on pretest-posttest design. The therapy based on acceptance and commitment was performed for the experimental group in 8 sessions. Participants were re-evaluated one month after the sessions, and psychological capital was evaluated according to self-efficacy, hope, tolerance and optimism subscales.
FINDINGS: The results of the study showed that there was a significant difference between the subscales of the psychological capital in the experimental and control groups in tolerance (3.53±0.48 vs. 2.88±0.67) (p6.03) and optimism (40.6±0.56 vs. 2.94±0.66) (p>26.459).
The present study showed that acceptance and commitment therapy could be considered as an effective intervention in increasing the psychological capital of cardiovascular patients.

Given the importance of early intervention and the role of initial parent-child interactions in the development of language, communicational skills, and social as well as emotional capabilities of deaf children, the development of a family-oriented rehabilitation program to empower parents as the main therapists seems essential.
Sixty two deaf children, who either undergone cochlear implant surgery or were candidates for cochlear implant surgery were selected using purposive sampling. The subjects were then randomly divided into two groups (experimental and control groups). The subjects of the experimental group received the family-based rehabilitation program. To investigate communication and social-emotional skills, Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scale Developmental Profile/infant toddler checklist (CSBSDP), Categories of Auditory Performance (CAP) & Ages and Stages Questionnaire- Social Emotional (ASQ_SE) were used.
Multivariate data analysis with repeated measures design showed that the family-centered rehabilitation program was effective in increasing communication and social-emotional skills of the deaf children participating in this study population. Moreover, in the follow-up, the effect of this program on the dependent variables of the study and their components is stable.
The results are indicative of the effect of the family-based comprehensive rehabilitation program on development of communication and social-emotional skills. Therefore, it is recommended that this program should be used at rehabilitation centers for deaf children.