hossein samavatyan

The present research aimed to determine the psychological effect of the effective design and color semiotics in packaging on consumer preferences and the factors influencing these preferences among Isfahan University students. The results of the data analysis showed that the effects of the color components of the CIELAB color space (L*, a*, and b*) on consumer preferences, as measured by a questionnaire assessing 25 emotions related to product color choice, are significant (p ≤ 0.05). Additionally, the effects of the variables from the first and second questionnaire categories on the positive feelings and emotions arising from interaction with the product—specifically, the defined variables S (average positive feelings and emotions of individuals interacting with color) and P (average positive feelings and emotions in interaction with a general product)—are significant with the score of people's preferences (the average of the factors affecting consumers' preferences) (p ≤ 0.05). Based on the findings of this research, the affective design of packaging color semiotics significantly influences consumer preference factors

The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between burnout and self-concept among educational supervisors. The sample of the present study consisted of 92 educational supervisors in Zahedan city who were selected using simple random sampling and participated in the study. Burnout and self-concept scales were used to collect data. Pearson correlation coefficient test was used to analyze the data. The results showed that emotional exhaustion had a negative and significant relationship with health and gender appropriateness, self-confidence, self-acceptance, beliefs and guilt, but emotional exhaustion had a positive and significant relationship with feelings of shame and guilt. However, emotional exhaustion had no significant relationship with abilities, self-worth, present, future and past, beliefs and guilt, sociability and emotionality. The results showed that depersonalization had a negative and significant relationship with physical health and gender appropriateness, self-acceptance, beliefs and guilt, but a positive and significant relationship was observed between depersonalization and feelings of shame and guilt. Depersonalization was not related to abilities, self-confidence, self-worth, present, future and past, self-esteem, and emotionality. The results showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between personal functioning and self-esteem. However, personal functioning had no significant relationship with the other subscales of self-concept.

Each organization tries to keep its valuable assets in order to guarantee its survival and development. Human resources are the most valuable organization asset; therefore it is necessary to reduce their challenges while increasing their acctualization. The purpose of this study is to assign the quality of work life improvement program effectiveness on employee work-family conflicts based on perceived job security moderating role and self-actualization based on optimism moderating role. The research statistical population was 30 production employees of NahanGol company at Borujen, who participated in the study based on random sampling in terms of two experimental and control groups. The data gathering tools included the work-family conflict scale (Carballo-Penela & et al, 2018), the perceived job security questionnaire (Hockman, 1986 quotes Goretzki, 2016), self-actualization scale (Faraci and Cannistraci ,2015) and the life orientation test (Scheier & Carver, 1985). Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance, path analysis, linear regression and structural equations model using SPSS24 and AMOS softwares. The results showed that the improving quality of work life training program reduces work-family conflicts in epmloyees with medium or low level of perceived job security and increases the self-actualization in employees who are more optimistic.

The aim of this study was to recognize and analyze the effective factors on employee work motivation in an industrial production unit applying thematic analysis approach. The purpose of the current study was considered as an applied research. The research method was qualitative and the statistical population was consisted of all 270 employees in different levels of an auto-parts manufacturing company in 2020-2021. Judgment sampling was done until the theoretical saturation was acquired. Applying in-depth and heurictic interviews, 17 individuals, both managers and non manager personnel at different levels of the company were questioned. The analysis method of this research was thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke) using MAXQDA2020 software. The findings indicate the identification of ten main themes as factors affecting work motivation was indicated, including perceived organizational justice, perceived organizational support, job involvement, occupational hardiness, compensation management, leadership style, economic status, role clarity, job security, and job demands. According to the results each of the main themes has a share of employees' work motivation while managers were better able to improve the work motivation of employees and affect their performance by considering identified perceptual factors derived from the qualitative analysis method.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of parent – child cognitive behavioral therapy on emotional behavioral problems of grief children.

This research was an experimental study, with pretest - posttest – follow up design with control group. The statistical population included 7 to 11 years old girls without father and covered by the Relief Committee of Sari City and had emotional behavioral problems. The sample consisted of 16 girls, 7 to 11 years old, fatherless covered by Relief Committee that were selected purposefully and were equal in the two groups of intervention and control. The Child Behavior Checklist questionnaire was completed by their mothers before and after the intervention and one month follow-up. Parent-child cognitive-behavioral therapy was performed for the intervention group in the form of 8 sessions of 45 minutes weekly. The first to sixth sessions were for children and the seventh and eighth sessions were for their mothers. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance test.

Implementing parent-child cognitive-behavioral therapy led to a reduction in anxiety, depression, physical complaints, social problems, attention and thinking, law-breaking behaviors, and aggression in children in the intervention group. In addition, significant differences were observed between the two groups in the variables of anxiety, aggression, social problems and attention.

The use of parent – child cognitive-behavioral therapy, which simultaneously considers the surviving parent and the child in treatment process, can be effective in reducing emotional behavioral problems in children after parental loss.

This study intends to identify and design a competency model of top and middle-level managers of the National Iranian Petrochemical Company. The methodology adopted is of the mixed qualitative and quantitative type. Ten interviews with top and middle managers of the National Iranian  Petrochemical Company were performed to collect qualitative data which was analyzed using the thematic analytical method thereafter with MAXQDA. The primary model of research was extracted from a study of high-level documents, a thematic analysis of the data provided by the interview, and a literature review. The resulting model was then studied using the Delphi method. On the quantitative side, a Questionnaire was used to collect data. In order to check the indices of the model, these data analyzed by SPSS25 and Exploratory Factor Analysis method. According to the results, the findings of exploratory factor analysis are in line with the qualitative research model. The competency model for the top and middle managers do not differ in dimensions, components, or indices and only the importance of the competencies was different in the top and middle management levels. The competency model of research for both top and middle managers was designed in three dimensions, personal competencies, interpersonal competencies and administrative competencies, eleven components, and forty-six indices.

Today, it is important to develop employee skills in relation to organizational efficiency. Therefore, to enhance individual and organizational effectiveness, it is necessary to focus on the training and improving employee expertise. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of training based on quality of work life improvement on employee perceived organizational training effectiveness. The statistical population included all employees of a Food production factory in Borujen in the spring and summer of 2018, from which, 30 subjects were randomly selected and assigned to two groups of experimental and control. The data gathering tool included researcher-made questionnaire on perceived training effectiveness. Data were analyzed using repetitive measures analysis of variance, using SPSS24 software. Results showed that the improving quality of work life training program was effective in perceived organizational training effectiveness.

Millions of children around the world experience grief as a result of various events. However, the experience of grief after the death of a parent has the greatest negative impact on children and some of them, for various reasons, cannot adapt to the absence of parents and develop emotional behavioral problems such as anxiety disorders, depression, aggression, hyperactivity and academic problems. Researches has used several treatments for grief children that have somewhat reduced their problems But it is essential to use treatment appropriate to the needs and problems of children. The purpose of this study was to introduce a cognitive behavioral therapeutic package based on factors affecting the psychological problems of bereaved children.

The present research has been conducted qualitatively and in two ways: content analysis about interviews and thematic analysis about texts. The study population included mothers with grieving children, child therapists and books, published articles on grief in children. Ten mothers with grief children, 5 specialists in the field of grief children, and also internal and external books, dissertations and articles published and available from 1996 to 2020, were selected purposefully as the sample population. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and literature review. Colaizzi Method was used to analyze the interview information. After listening to and implementing the recorded statements, the following meaningful statements related to the factors affecting the psychological problems of children after the absence of a parent were underlined and important sentences were identified. Basic concepts that represent an important part of onechr('39')s thinking were extracted and categorized based on similarity. Then they were linked together to create organizing concepts. Finally, were referred to the participants for confirmation of the factors obtained from the interviews. During the thematic analysis of the texts, first the meaningful sentences in books, articles and dissertations were underlined and named in the form of basic concepts. Finally, from several basic concepts that had a common theme, organizing themes were formed that covered the factors influencing the psychological problems of bereaved children.

Based on the coding of interviews with specialists and mothers as well as review of texts,  four organizing themes, including factors related to child, family, nature of death, and supportive factors were identified as the main factors affecting emotional behavior problems in grief children. Child-related factors were at the forefront of the factors identified in the formation of psychological problems of grief children, so these factors were given more attention in the treatment package and  were selected basic themes including expressing the childchr('39')s thoughts and feelings about the death and deceased parent; comparing a child with peers and feeling different from them; childchr('39')s level of understanding of the components of death; child coping strategies; the quality of the childchr('39')s relationship with the deceased parent, surviving parent, siblings, peers and teacher. Since family-related factors of the second category were identified as effective factors in the occurrence of emotional behavioral problems in children, in particular, the significant role that the surviving parent has in reducing or increasing the problems of children mourning after the loss, so this factor was also considered in the treatment package. Among the family-related factors were the conditions of intervention and training for the researcher, lack of awareness of surviving parent from childchr('39')s needs and problems after loss; and parenting styles of surviving parent, which were capable of modification, constituted the components of therapeutic package. Factors related to the nature of death and socio-supportive factors, because they could not be changed and manipulated by the researcher, despite their importance in causing problems for bereaved children, were not included in the treatment package. Cognitive-behavioral therapy package consists of 8 sessions of 45 minutes per week, the first to sixth sessions are for mourning children and the seventh and eighth sessions are for their mothers. Also, to evaluate the effectiveness of the mentioned treatment package, the Child Behavior Checklist can be used before and after the intervention.

Many causes can lead to or exacerbate psychological problems in bereaved children. Giving the opportunity to express emotions, informing the components of death on a cognitive level, and improving coping strategies and quality of childrenchr('39')s relationships with people around, also modifying parenting styles and informing surviving parent from the needs of children after a loss, all prevent the emotional behavior problems of grief children. Considering the centrality of child-related factors in the formation of psychological problems of bereaved children and the focus of treatment sessions on children, the results of this study can be used in schools, kindergartens, counseling centers and other situations that may be encountered by bereaved children. Because children who face any loss for various reasons, especially the loss of parents, need special attention from those around them. . In addition, therapists working in the field of children can use the results of the present study in educating families and surviving parents, as well as planning to treat the emotional behavioral problems of children affected by the death of parents and other missing persons.

Many events in everyday life cause children to experience varying degrees of grief. Losing parents is one of the most important events that causes grief in children and can lead to significant emotional behavioral problems in them. The purpose of this study was to achieve the lived experience of mothers in the field of affective factors in emotional behavioral problems of grief children. The present study was a qualitative and content analysis method. Participants included 10 person from mothers of grief children 7 to 11 years old covered by the Ghaemshahr Relief Committee were selected using purposive sampling and their lived experience were collected through semi-structured interviews. Then the recorded interviews were transcripted and it was analyzed in Colaizzi Method. From the analysis of lived experience of participating mothers, extracted the four organizing content included child-related factors, family related factors, death-related factors, and supportive factors and 26 basic content. The most important basic content include child's age at the time of father's death, child relationship with deceased parent and survivor, consider different from peers, family economic status, sudden death and the lack of emotional support from the fatherly family. The factors derived from lived Experience of Mothers in the field of emotional behavioral problems of grief children can help in the formulation of an intervention appropriate with their cognitive, emotional and social development these children and also appropriate with the culture, community and family in which the child lives.

Most studies have shown it as the main factor of most of the accidents in the workplace is employee’s unsafe behaviors. The aim of this study was to, pathology of unsafe behaviors and investigated their relationship with personality characteristics and locus of control among the personnel of Khuzestan Province Gas Company. The sample of study was 147 employees of the executive projects who were selected using stratified random sampling. For pathology of unsafe behaviors was used cross-sectional method that was consisted of investigated accidents and near miss accidents reports. For investigating the correlation was used standard questionnaires, and for analyzing data, was used SPSS 16. The results of the cross-sectional study showed that the highest accidents and near miss accidents are arising from unsafe acts. The findings of the Pearson correlation coefficient showed that neuroticism and external locus of control have positive and significant relationship with unsafe behaviors, and extraversion, openness to experience, conscientiousness, agreeableness, and internal locus of control have negative and significant relationship with unsafe behaviors (p<0.01). Stepwise regression analysis showed that respectively neuroticism and internal locus of control are the most important of predictors of unsafe behaviors. Unsafe behaviors are the main factor of most of the accidents, and near miss accidents, and neuroticism is the most influential of predictor of this kind of behaviors. Therefore, it recommends that regularly the causes of occurrence of unsafe behaviors be identified, and needed actions for eliminating or reducing them be done.

The entry of women into the workplace has changed the traditional roles of the family, which can cause instability and marital conflicts in the dual-career couples. The purpose of the present study sought to study simultaneously the quality of work life and the enrichment of marital life on marital conflicts and marital instability of dual- career couples in Illam.

The design of this research is quasi-experimental, with pre-test, post-test, and fallow-up with control group. The statistical population includes all married couples from the city of Illam who were married from the beginning of March 2012 to the beginning of March 2017, and have goverment jobs. For this purpose, 80 (40 couples) of dual- career couples were selected usingmulti-stage cluster sampling method and randomly assigned to two groups. The experimental group received Quality of Work Life and Relationship Enhancement programs together, during the 13 sessions of 90 minutes. The instruments of this study were Marital Conflict Questionnaire and Marriage Instability Index.

The results show that simultaneously the quality of work life and the enrichment of marital life training have been able to reduce marital conflicts (F = 17.78, p < 0.01) and marital instability (F = 41.03, p < 0.01). The marital life enrichment training reduced family conflict and instability by improving family interaction. The quality of work life training also contributed to the improvement of the work environment, which reduced the contradictions and conflicts in the workplace.

Therefore, the simultaneous training of working life quality and enriching marital life prevent overflowing work and family problems. This also improves relationships in the family and work, and as a result reduce marital conflicts and instability. Then, the simultaneous training of working life quality and enriching marital life can reduce dual-career couples’ family conflicts and instability.

This study aimed to identify individual criteria associated with a set of job tasks and use them to develop individual-oriented appraisal system was conducted. Statistical population was all jobs in the Isfahan's electricity distribution company, including 98 jobs that in the qualitative study, "measuring instruments unit" accidentally was chosen by 8 jobs. In this study, analyzed target jobs using an interview-based job analysis upon Occupational Information Network (O * NET) including a list of tasks and individual characteristics which is provided as a whole and functional job analysis (FJA) which determines relation of each task with the individual characteristics. Analytical review of strengths and weaknesses of the methods used, indicate that the two methods FJA and O* NET can be appropriate complementary methods in order to develop Individual-oriented performance appraisal criteria, Thus, each of the referred methods has strengths that are well cover each other's weaknesses. However, if the time, cost and importance of jobs are restrict, is proposed that organizations to achieve optimal results in field of job analysis and determine individual-oriented appraisal standards use O * NET for low-level jobs and FJA for high-level and important jobs.

Petroleum related industries including gas company, is considered as the major organizations in Iran. Development of these organizations requires advanced technical equipment, which may lead to higher rates of accidents.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of moderating demographic variables in relation to job security and organizational support for the incidents of the Isfahan’s Gas Company during 1395. The research method was descriptive correlational. The population of this research included all employees (72 persons) of the Isfahan gas company, who reported accidents during the time period of 1390-1394. In this research a questionnaire named job security, organizational support and demographic factors were used and accidents and near-hit were ranged from 1 for none-human causes and 10 for human causes. For ethical reasons, collected data from subjects remained confidential to the researcher. Finally, the data were analyzed using SPSS version 23 at -0.5 α.
Regression analysis indicated that there is a significant relationship between residence, type of occupation and education with the accidents. The modified analysis showed that the education significantly correlated the relationship between occupational safety and accidents, as well as age and work history (p≤0.05).
To increase the safety of the work environment and reduce accidents, we must pay attention to the demographic characteristics of the employees. In the next step, efforts should be focused on the accident related parameters such as job security and organizational support.

Investigating the effect of mental workload on managers'' control performance while covariating the personality characteristics was the aim of the current experimental research. The statistical sample included 21 randomly selected of staff managers in Isfahan Province Gas Company. In addition to presenting the NEO Personality questionnaire (Casta & McCrea، 1992)، the participants''control performance in response to managerial tasks (researcher made) in different situations of mental workload with different manipulated timing were measured. The results of repeated measures ANOVA revealed significant effect of mental workload on control performance. While covariating the characteristics of extroversion، openness and agreeableness from the process had a profound change and resulted in non-significant effects (P=0. 480، P=0. 731، and P=0. 623، respectively). Based on the results، it is possible to predict performance of managers on the basis of their mental workload and their personality characteristics more precisely.

Introduction & The issue of employee turnover is one of the organizational problems that affect organization development. For organization managers who want to save, protect and improve human resources, it is a problem and also requires special attention. Applying proper methods of management increases their motivation to continuous communicate with organization. The objective of this research was to study the relationship between supportive managerial behaviors dimensions with intention to stay in the organization. This research was done in Health Care Organization of Oil Industry of Isfahan during the autumn of year 1390 (2011). Among the employees of organization (in total 354 people), 187 employees were selected in an convenience sampling way as the statistical sample of this research. The research tools included Supportive Managerial Behaviors Questionnaire (Rooney & Gottlieb, 2007) and Intention to Stay Questionnaire (Hunt, Osborn & Martin, 1981). The data was analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis (stepwise method) and SPSS (version 18). The results showed that there is significant relationship between supportive managerial behaviors dimensions (except micromanaging) with intention to stay (p<0/01). Also, the results of stepwise regression showed that among the factors of supportive behaviors, enabling job support to predicted percent intention to stay. Managerial methods especially supportive behaviors of managers are complement component to create a proper environment to educate employees and increasing their motivation. Also, employees’ realization of supervisors’ support, increases motivation and their organizational commitment.

Communication skills are of high importance nowadays. Due to their occupational position، nurses need appropriate and sufficient skills to communicate with their colleagues and patients in order to achieve peace and satisfaction. The present study aimed to determine the effect of communication skills training on the overall amount of general health (and its dimensions) in nurses of Kashani Hospital، Isfahan، Iran. This was a quasi-experimental research in which the statistical sample included all the nurses employed by Kashani Hospital in 2009 (158 male and female nurses in 12 wards). By applying the relative categorical random sampling method، 20 participants were assigned to the experimental group and the rest (n = 20) were assigned to the control group. Eight sessions of communication skills training were held for the experimental group. The standard General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) was used to measure and evaluate the general health in pre-intervention and post-intervention phases. To determine the reliability of each questionnaire، Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was utilized which provided us with 0. 78. Analysis of the data took place on two levels of descriptive statistics (average and standard deviation) and inferential statistics i. e. analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Communication skills training increased the general health by 73% and decreases depression، anxiety، and social and physical dysfunction by 75%، 72%، 72%، 34%، respectively (P < 0. 01). Designing and applying standard communication skills training sessions، tied with the help of specialized lecturers، will have a significant effect on human communication، relations، organizational citizenship behavior، and general health of the staff.

The lack of communication skills among employees could result in less organizational citizenship behavior. Hence improving communication skills is of high necessity. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of communication skills training on the organizational citizenship behavior of nurses. In this quasi-experimental research، the statistical population included all the nurses employed by Isfahan’s Kashani hospital in 2009 (158 male and female nurses in 12 wards). By applying the random stratified sampling، 20 participants were assigned to the experimental group and another 20 to the control group. The experimental group received an 8-session training course on communication skills. To measure and evaluate the organizational citizenship behavior of each group before and after training، Organizational Citizenship Behavior Questionnaire was used (Cronbach’s Alpha=0. 74). Analysis of the data was done using descriptive statistics (average and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (correlation coefficient and co-variance analysis). After adjusting the effect of pre-test scores، the mean score for organizational citizenship behavior in the experimental group a month after the intervention (66. 45±3. 57) showed a statistically significant difference (p<0. 01) compared to its previous value (62. 85±4. 34). According to ANCOVA، main effect of organizational citizenship behavior of nurses، before training was 0. 364; whereas a month after the intervention، this increased to 0. 607، (p<0. 01). Communication skills training increased the nurses’ organizational citizenship behavior in the experiment group and the effect sustained a month after the intervention. Running standard communication skills training programs، with the help of specialized lecturers، is recommended in various nursing feilds such as education، research، management، and clinical nursing.

A lot of research has been done on the post-traumatic stress, but few studies have investigated the effect of chronic stress disorders on physical and psychological health. This study investigated the combined interactive effects of chronic stress disorders and mental disorders on somatoform disorders reporting among employees at Isfahan Steel Company. In this correlational study, 189 employees in Isfahan Steel Company wwere selected according to the stratified random sampling method and completed demographic characteristics, chronic stress disorders of Cohen, Karmark, and Mermelstein, and mental disorders and somatoform disorders of Barling, Loughlin, and Kelloway questionnaires in 2011. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and hierarchical regression. Results showed significant internal correlations among chronic stress disorders, mental disorders, and somatoform disorders (p<0.01). In addition, by controlling for demographic variables, the results of hierarchical regression analysis showed the interactive effect of chronic stress disorders and mental disorders on reporting somatoform disorders to be significant (p<0.05). This study showed that chronic stress disorders have a positive relationship with reporting somatoform disorders both in experiencing and not experiencing psychological disorders; however, this relationship was stronger when employees in addition to chronic stress disorders experienced psychological disorders.

Millions of occupational accidents and disease cases are reported from work places annually causing considerable human and financial damages. Safety training is globally considered the best strategy to mitigate these damages. In this project a safety attitude questionnaire was used to obtain the required information. The questionnaire contained items about 13 relevant variables: job conscientiousness, fatalism, leadership, safety consciousness, role overload, work pressure, job safety perception, supervisor safety perception, coworker safety perception, management safety perception, safety program and policies perception, interpersonal conflicts at work, and job involvement. A total of 204 individuals (101 in the control and 103 in the experiment group) in the Isfahan Steel Company completed the safety attitude questionnaire. This was followed by a 4-hour safety training course attended by the experimental group. After 30 days both the experimental and control group completed the questionnaire again. Descriptive statistics and covariate analysis were used the compare the data between the 2 groups. Safety training in the workplace influenced positively the general attitude of the personnel towards safety issues. Further analysis of the data revealed that the training affected statistically significantly only safety consciousness, leadership, and management safety perception. Assessment of safety attitude in the workplace and its dimensions can be used to identify those areas of safety training that need more attention and a better design.